Forestry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Modelling height to diameter ratio – an opportunity to increase Norway spruce stand stability in the Western Carpathians","authors":"M. Bošeľa, B. Konôpka, V. Šebeň, J. Vladovic, B. Tobin","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Norway spruce is one of the most widespread and economically important coniferous species in Europe and is also one of the tree species most mechanically sensitive to windthrow and consequently, is frequently damaged by storms. As height-to-diameter (HD) ratio has long been identified as an indicator of stand static stability, the main factors affecting the ratio in Norway spruce stands in the Western Carpathians were analysed to assess their general susceptibility to storm damage. A model was developed to assist forest managers in deciding on levels of thinning intensity for increasing the stability of such spruce stands, while still maintaining productivity. Data from the National Forest Inventory (260 plots) and previously existing research projects (48 plots) were used. Plots were distributed over the major part of the Western Carpathian range covering most variability in forest site factors. The final model incorporated the most relevant characteristics; those indicating ecological conditions: altitude and site index; and others related to stand properties: crown ratio, stand density, and mean stand height. The results indicated that intensive early thinnings must be applied, specifically on very rich sites at low altitudes, to decrease the HD ratio to a more stable range Abstrakt Smrek je jednou z najrozšírenejších a ekonomicky najdôležitejších ihličnatých drevín v Európe. Taktiež je drevinou veľmi často poškodzovanou vetrovými kalamitami. Štíhlostný kvocient (pomer výšky a hrúbky stromu) sa považuje za vhodný indikátor statickej stability jednotlivých stromov a porastov. Preto cieľom práce bola identifikácia hlavných faktorov, ktoré majú významný vplyv na hodnoty kvocientu. Jednoduchý model bol vytvorený ako pomôcka pre lesníka pri rozhodovaní o intenzite prebierok v smrekových porastoch s cieľom potenciálneho zvýšenia statickej stability a zachovania optimálnej produkcie. Využili sa údaje Národnej inventarizácie a monitoringu lesov SR (260 plôch) a taktiež údaje z predchádzajúcich výskumných projektov (48 plôch) tak aby reprezentovali čo najširšie rozpätie ekologických podmienok, v ktorých smrek v súčasnosti rastie. Výsledky ukázali, že najvýznamnejšími ekologickými faktormi boli: nadmorská výška a bonita stanovišťa. Taktiež niektoré porastové charakteristiky sa významne podieľali na variabilite kvocientu: podiel koruny z výšky stromu, hustota porastu a stredná porastová výška reprezentujúca rastovú fázu porastu. Výsledky ďalej preukázali, že ekologické podmienky sú významnejšie ako porastové charakteristiky, a preto tieto treba brať do úvahy pri rozhodovacom procese. To znamená, že ak sa porast nachádza na pre smrek veľmi bonitnom stanovišti, sú potrebné silnejšie prebierky od mladých rastových fáz, aby sa ovplyvňovaním hrúbkového prírastku vyrovnal vplyv rýchleho výškového rastu. Zároveň je dôležitá rozdielna intenzita výškového a hrúbkového rastu počas vývoja porastu","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"71 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89974457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of the research of Douglas-fir in the Czech Republic and Slovakia: a review","authors":"J. Kubeček, I. Štefančík, V. Podrázský, R. Longauer","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper summarises the results concerning the effects of cultivation of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii /Mirb./ Franco), especially in the last decades, on the intensity of production as well as non-production forest functions in the conditions of the Czech Republic and Slovak Republics. It analyses the research outcomes from the point of volume and value production in comparison with other native tree species, from the point of species effects on the soil and on the ground vegetation diversity, and from the point of stability and cultivation in the last period. The main aim was to compare this species with Norway spruce, which can be replaced by Douglas fir in suitable conditions. Douglas fir can have a favourable impact on the amount and the value of timber production, as well as on the soil and the biodiversity of ground vegetation. The stability of forest stands can also be considerably supported in this way. Hence, Douglas-fir represents a suitablealternative to Norway spruce at lower and middle altitudes and it can contribute to greater competitiveness of the Czech as well as Slovak forestry.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"91 1","pages":"116 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82691050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of selected morphometric characteristics on the incidence of wind damage to forest in the Low Tatras Mts. (Slovakia)","authors":"Vladimír Papaj, Maroš Sedliak, J. Tuček","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper addresses the occurrence of incidental felling caused by wind in relation to selected morphometric characteristics. The investigation was conducted in the Nízke Tatry Mts. and Kozie chrbty Mts. (Slovakia) in the period of 1984–2003. A frequency of incidental felling in response to the elementary morphometric factors - altitude, slope and aspect – was evaluated. The assessment was based on the probability analysis. The results describe the probability of incidental felling occurrence in the prescribed categories of used morphometric factors across the study area. The most susceptible forest stands were found to be distributed in the elevation range from 731 – 1,120 m a.s.l. (48.13% of the research area); on slopes less than 58% (75.89% of the research area); with the aspect from 106 to 40° (53.06% of the research area). The proposed methodology can be used for the assessment of the effect of diverse factors on the occurrence of incidental felling caused by various forest disturbances. The results can be used as input data for risk models supporting forest management.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"88 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90073440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of abundance and quality characteristics of individuals in a regenerated Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) stand","authors":"K. Gubka, J. Pittner","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A 40-year-long research of the influence of diverse silvicultural managements on Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) stand development has been performed in Šahy Forest District (Veľký Šomoš locality). Currently (stand age 85 years) the stand regeneration has begun. A shelterwood-strip-system of regeneration with a short regeneration period (10 or 15 years) is recommended. During the silvicultural selection of trees we examined quantitative biometrical characteristics and qualitative characteristics. We found out that on the plot with the seed cut 20% of individuals were bent or created vegetative sprouts, 10% of trees had a fork crown and 7% were mechanically damaged. 41% of trees were undamaged. On the plot with the clear cut,up to 47.5% of trees (including chosen trees) were without degradations marks. The number of bent trees (10%) was lower compared to the plot with the seed cut, but the number of trees with vegetative sprouts was higher (26%). Statistical analysis based on χ2 test revealed that the differences in the abundance of qualitative characteristics between the investigated regeneration elements were statistically insignificant. In Europe, Northern red oak is a tree species of the future, so it is necessary to pay more attention to this species.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"109 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73319464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and non-spatial harvest scheduling versus conventional timber indicator in over-mature forests","authors":"J. Kašpar, R. Marušák, R. Sedmák","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents two alternative approaches of final cut scheduling for a fifty year strategic planning horizon. One approach is represented by cutting percentage, which is a classical timber indicator commonly used in the Czech and Slovak Republics. The second approach is represented by two optimisation models of integer programming; the first model without spatial aspect and the second model including adjacency constraints. Both optimisation models are derived for the clear cut management system with the scheduling approaches applied on an example of a forest management area with over-mature stands. The main aim of the paper is to compare two suggested optimisation models with the classical scheduling approach and to demonstrate their positive effect on the age class distribution of forests. The further aim is to include green-up constraints in the scheduling, which respect legislative conditions. The results show that even in the case of a single management system, without considering different ecosystem services, the optimisation model that does not consider the spatial aspect gives comparable results to the approach that r includes the adjacency constraints. The primary hypothesis, that the regular age-class distribution and flow harvesting cannot be achieved when considering green-up constraints, was rejected Abstrakt Práce prezentuje dva alternativní přístupy k plánování mýtních těžeb v rámci 50 letého strategického plánovacího horizontu. Jeden přístup je reprezentován klasickým těžebním ukazatelem, těžební procento, který je běžně používaný v České a Slovenské republice. Druhý přístup je reprezentován dvěma optimalizačními celočíselnými modely; první model je bez prostorového aspektu, druhý pak zahrnuje vztahy omezení sousednosti. Oba dva optimalizační modely jsou odvozeny pro holosečný hospodářský způsob. Alternativní přístupy plánování těžeb jsou aplikovány na příkladu lesního hospodářského celku s převahou přestárlých porostů. Hlavní cíl práce je porovnat navržené optimalizační modely s klasickým postupem plánování mýtní těžeb a demonstrovat pozitivní vliv navržených těžeb těmito modely na věkovou strukturu lesa. Dalším cílem je zahrnout do modelu zákonná omezení vzájemného přiřazování holých sečí. Výsledky ukazují, že i v případě jednoduchého hospodářského způsobu bez zahrnutí různých ekosystémových služeb, poskytuje optimalizační model bez prostorového hlediska srovnatelné výsledky s modelem, který tato hlediska zahrnuje. Primární hypotéza, že nemůže být dosaženo normální věkové struktury a těžební vyrovnanosti i v případě použití omezení týkající se přiřazování sečí, byla zamítnuta","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"81 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90901421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of methods of growing stock estimation in the forests of Slovakia between 2001–2010","authors":"Milan Machanský","doi":"10.2478/forj-2014-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2014-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper analyses the implementation of the growing stock estimation methods in the forests of Slovakia between the years 2001 and 2010. The analysis focuses on mature stands with primary timber production function in more detail. The share of more accurate and costly methods has been continuously decreasing; and since 1993 yield tables have become the most prevalent methods of estimation used in mature stands are. After more than 20 years of their implementation it is important to verify the accuracy of their application, the accuracy of the provided input variables and the methodology behind the growing stock estimation. The paper identifies the cases of their incorrect application, and the risks associated with the quantification of input data, and proposes the measures for their elimination. It stresses the importance of inspection of monitoring the quality of Forest Stewardship Programmes which operates as a specialised task since 2008. Since that time, a positive trend has been observed in mature stands of timber production forests in which mathematical- -statistical sampling methods are gaining on importance.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"94 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78559556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter- and intra-annual dynamics of height increment in young beech and spruce stands in relation to tree size and weather conditions","authors":"B. Konôpka, J. Pajtík, M. Bošeľa, T. Hlásny, Zuzana Sitková","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We investigated the seasonal dynamics of height increment, as well as total annual height increment, in 2009-2013 on young stands of beech and spruce grown at the same site. The results showed that the inter-annual dynamics of basic stand characteristics, especially tree density, were more obvious in spruce than in beech stands. Much higher tree mortality in spruce was explained by a lower light intensity under the spruce stand canopy and higher tolerance of beech to shade. Large interspecific differences were also found in the timing of height increment. Specifically, the height increment of beech trees started earlier than those of spruce. Moreover, the terminal grew for longer in spruce (nearly 70 days) compared to beech (about 45 days). The comparisons between the courses of the height increment and the ambient factors suggested that global radiation played a principal role. In the beech stand, the maximum height increment rate occurred during the same days as the maximal global radiation in 2009 and 2011, while a decline of the height increment occurred simultaneously with a depression in global radiation in 2012. As for the spruce stand, its one-peak maxima in height increment were related to the maximum of global radiation in 2009 and in 2012. On the other hand, double-peak courses of height increment in 2010 and 2011 may have been related to sudden declines in global radiation. Interspecific differences in height increment timing might play a certain role in cases of unfavourable weather conditions, e.g. drought episodes in the middle part of the growing season when the height increment would be accomplished in beech but would still be ongoing in spruce. Abstrakt Počas rokov 2009-2013 sme sledovali sezónnu dynamiku výškového prírastku, ako aj celoročný výškový prírastok v bukových a smrekových mladinách rastúcich na totožnom stanovišti. Výsledky naznačili, že medziročné zmeny základných porastových charakteristík, a to najmä hustota porastu, boli výraznejšie v smrečine než v bučine. Omnoho vyššia stromová mortalita v smrečine sa vysvetlila nižšou intenzitou svetla pod korunovou vrstvou smrekov, resp. vyššou toleranciou buka na zatienenie. Veľké medzidruhové rozdiely sa zaznamenali v „načasovaní“ výškového prírastku. Konkrétne výškový prírastok bukov začal každoročne skôr ako výškový prírastok smrekov. Ďalej, terminál smrekov rástol dlhšie (približne 70 dní) v porovnaní s bukmi (45 dní). Porovnanie priebehov výškových prírastkov vzhľadom na prostredie naznačilo, že principiálny vplyv mala globálna radiácia. V bučine bola maximálna intenzita výškového prírastku počas dní s maximálnou úrovňou globálnej radiácia, a to v rokoch 2009 a 2011, zároveň pokles intenzity sa objavil simultánne s poklesom globálnej radiácie počas roku 2012. V smrečine intenzita výškového prírastku predstavovala jednovrcholovú krivku - s najvyššou intenzitou prírastku v dňoch maximálnych hodnôt globálnej radiácie počas 2009 a 2012. Na druhej strane sa zaznamen","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"52 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80868887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of irrigation on the gallery parameters of spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus L., Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)","authors":"J. Vakula, Zuzana Sitková, J. Galko, Andrej Gubka, M. Zúbrik, A. Kunca, Slavomír Rell","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the spruce stand situated in Central Slovakia, a manipulation experiment was performed aimed at attracting spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) to living and healthy spruce trees using pheromone dispensers. The goal of the experiment was to show that the galleries of the Ips typographus in the irrigated spruce trees differed in the parameters from the galleries in drought-stressed trees. Significant differences were revealed mainly in those gallery parameters that occur after the excavation of a nuptial chamber, or after the mating of parental beetles. The revealed differences prove that drought in combination with extreme temperatures significantly reduces defence reactions of spruce against the attack of Ips typographus. Water deficit together with high temperatures significantly postpone and retard the activation of defence reactions of spruce on one side, and accelerates the regeneration and the development of Ips typographus on the other side. Abstrakt V smrekovom poraste stredného Slovenska bol realizovaný manipulovaný experiment s lákaním lykožrúta smrekového (Ips typographus) pomocou feromónových odparníkov na živé a zdravé smreky. Cieľom experimentu bolo preukázať, že zavlažované smreky budú vykazovať odlišné hodnoty parametrov požerkov lykožrúta smrekového v porovnaní so suchom stresovanými smrekmi. Štatisticky významné rozdiely boli zistené predovšetkým v parametroch požerkov, ktoré vznikajú po vytvorení snubnej komôrky, resp. po párení rodičovských chrobákov. Preukázané rozdiely dokazujú, že sucho v kombinácii s extrémnymi teplotami významne oslabuje obranné reakcie smreka voči ataku lykožrúta smrekového. Vodný deficit v spojitosti s vysokými teplotami na jednej strane významne oneskoruje a spomaľuje aktivizáciu obranných reakcii smreka a na strane druhej urýchľuje rozmnožovanie a vývoj lykožrúta smrekového.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"61 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75747464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosynthetic response of European beech to atmospheric and soil drought","authors":"T. Priwitzer, D. Kurjak, J. Kmet’, Zuzana Sitková, A. Leštianska","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Physiological response of European beech under soil and atmospheric drought conditions was investigated in this study. A group of six beech trees was irrigated during the growing season 2012, while the second group of non-irrigated (control) beech trees was treated under natural soil drought. During the experiment, we observed more than 45-day long period when no precipitation fell on the soil surface. The relationship of PN (CO2 assimilation rate) to gS (stomatal conductance) was very tight in both groups, which indicates that stomatal opening was the main factor limiting PN. The statistically significant differences in gS between the groups of trees were revealed only on the last measuring day. The significant differences in PN were confirmed on the days when the differences in soil water potential (ΨS) appeared. On these measurement days, the PN values of irrigated individuals were approximately 1.9 or 3.3 times greater than the values of non-irrigated individuals. At the level of primary photosynthetic processes (chlorophyll fluorescence parameters) we did not observe lower values of the control individuals in comparison with the irrigated trees in any of the evaluated parameters. Long-term soil water deficit caused strong decrease of leaf water potential (ΨL) in the control trees, but ΨL values of the irrigated trees were also rather low due to diurnal dynamics in higher parts of crown. Close relationship between ΨL and gS was confirmed for the control (non-irrigated) trees, but could not be confirmed for the irrigated trees. We revealed significant influence of VPD (vapour pressure deficit of the air) on gS only in the control group. On the days when ΨS decreased, the stomata of the non-irrigated trees were closed in spite of the low VPD values. Almost complete stomatal closure in both groups of trees was caused by the increase of VPD to 1.2 kPa. Abstrakt Príspevok sa zaoberá skúmaním fyziologických reakcií buka na atmosférické a pôdne sucho. Skupina šiestich bukov bola zavlažovaná počas vegetačnej sezóny 2012, pričom druhá skupina bukov (kontrola) bola ponechaná v prirodzených pôdnych vlahových podmienkach. Počas experimentu bola pozorovaná viac než 45 dní trvajúca perióda, kedy sa zrážková voda nedostala na povrch pôdy. Potvrdili sme silnú závislosť rýchlosti asimilácie (PN) na prieduchovej vodivosti (gS), čo dokazuje, že otvorenosť prieduchov bola hlavným limitujúcim faktorom priebehu asimilácie CO2. Štatisticky významné rozdiely gS medzi skupinami boli potvrdené len počas posledného merania. Významné rozdiely v PN sa potvrdili pre dni, v ktorých sme zistili výrazné rozdiely vo vodnom potenciáli pôdy (ΨS). Počas týchto dní boli priemerné hodnoty PN pre zalievané stromy 1,9, resp. 3,3-krát vyššie v porovnaní s nezavlažovanými jedincami. Na úrovni primárnych fotosyntetických procesov (parametre fluorescencie chlorofylu) sme nezistili nižšie hodnoty kontrolných jedincov v porovnaní so zavlažovanými. Dlhodobý deficit vody spôsobil p","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"32 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91253885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change increases the drought risk in Central European forests: What are the options for adaptation?","authors":"T. Hlásny, C. Mátyás, R. Seidl, L. Kulla, K. Merganičová, J. Trombik, L. Dobor, Z. Barcza, B. Konôpka","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents information on the projected drought exposure of Central Europe, describes the anticipated dynamics of the regional forests, and identifies measures facilitating the adaptation of forests to climate change-induced drought risk. On the basis of an ensemble of climate change scenarios we expect substantial drying in southern Slovakia and Hungary, while such trends were found to be less pronounced for the Czech Republic and Austria. In response to these climate trajectories, a change in species composition towards a higher share of drought tolerant species as well as the use of drought resistant provenances are identified as paramount actions in forest adaptation in the region. Adaptation to aggravating climate change may need to use artificial regeneration to enrich local gene pools and increase the drought tolerance of stands. Increasing risks from pests, pathogens and other disturbances are expected as a result of more frequent and severe droughts, underlining the need to put a stronger focus on risk management principles rather than on indicators of productivity in silviculture and forest planning. A consolidation of disturbance monitoring systems and a broader use of pest dynamics and hazard rating models are paramount tools to facilitate this adaptation process in forest management. The effectiveness of all the suggested measures needs to be controlled by efficient forest monitoring systems, the consolidation of which seems to be a timely task. Systematic and long-term implementation of the presented measures should increase forest stability and resilience, and further secure the sustainable provision of ecosystem services under climate change. Abstrakt V článku sú prezentované informácie o očakávanom vývoji sucha v oblasti strednej Európy, je opísaná možná dynamika lesov v podmienkach zmeny klímy, a je vypracovaný systém opatrení umožňujúcich adaptáciu lesov na zmenu klímy. Na základe kolekcie scenárov zmeny klímy bol identifikovaný výrazný nárast intenzity sucha v oblastiach južného Slovenska a Maďarska, zatiaľ čo v oblasti Českej republiky a Rakúska bola zmena relatívne nevýrazná. S ohľadom na tento vývoj predstavuje úprava drevinového zloženia smerom k vyššiemu zastúpeniu sucho tolerujúcich drevín a širšiemu využívaniu proveniencií rezistentných voči suchu jedno zo základných adaptačných opatrení. V prípade výrazných zmien klímy narastá význam umelej obnovy, ktorá predstavuje nástroj na zlepšovanie druhovej a genetickej diverzity porastov a zvyšovanie ich tolerancie voči suchu. Narastajúci vplyv škodcov súvisiaci s rastúcim vplyvom sucha a ďalších abiotických činiteľov naznačuje potrebu orientovať pestovanie a hospodársku úpravu lesa viac na manažment rizík ako na maximalizáciu produkcie. Konsolidácia systémov monitoringu škodlivých činiteľov a širšie využívanie modelov dynamiky škodcov a hodnotenia rizík patria medzi ďalšie dôležité opatrenia podporujúce adaptáciu lesov na zmenu klímy. Všetky uvedené opatrenia ","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"5 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88792566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}