Slovak Raptor Journal最新文献_第4页

Riding the storm out: select demographics of a breeding population of Cooper’s hawks (Accipiter cooperii) following a severe spring snowstorm 乘风破浪:一场严重的春季暴风雪过后，库柏鹰(Accipiter cooperii)繁殖种群的统计数据

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2019-0001

R. Rosenfield

{"title":"Riding the storm out: select demographics of a breeding population of Cooper’s hawks (Accipiter cooperii) following a severe spring snowstorm","authors":"R. Rosenfield","doi":"10.2478/srj-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The demographic responses to severe weather by top-level predators, including birds of prey, are underreported and/or unknown. Severe storms are predicted by climate change models to increase globally and in frequency into the 22nd century. In April 2018, a population of breeding Cooper’s hawks (Accipiter cooperii) in central Wisconsin, USA, experienced three days of heavy snowfall in the most severe storm, in pre-incubation-stage, for 39 years (1980–2018). Here I report select demographic outcomes of this nesting population following this intense weather. The median hatching date of 10 June in 2018 was the sixth latest such metric in those 39 years (and the latest in 22 years since 1996) for this population, which has advanced its breeding schedule about 1.3 days/decade due to climate change or warming. Survival of a total of 16 color-marked breeding adults, 15 males and 1 female, observed pre-storm in the nesting areas, was 100% up through the late nestling stage in the same nesting areas where these birds were initially detected in 2018. Average clutch size (4.4 eggs/nest) and average brood size (4.0 young/nest) were similar to the overall average annual metrics of these demographics for this population in the earlier 38 study years. Nest success, whereby 95% of 21 nests with eggs produced advanced-aged young, was higher in 2018 than the overall average of 77% nest success rate during the earlier years. The later timing of hatching in 2018, likely due to the severe spring snowstorm, appeared to have no deleterious effects either on survival of the breeding adults or on the reproductive output of this healthy study population. Tree-canopy prey may have served as important alternative food for this typically ground-foraging raptor in 2018.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78041743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methodology of risk assessment for electricity distribution lines in Slovakia with regard to potential bird mortality due to collisions with power lines 斯洛伐克配电线路与电力线碰撞可能造成鸟类死亡的风险评估方法

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2019-0008

J. Šmídt, E. Hapl, M. Gális

{"title":"Methodology of risk assessment for electricity distribution lines in Slovakia with regard to potential bird mortality due to collisions with power lines","authors":"J. Šmídt, E. Hapl, M. Gális","doi":"10.2478/srj-2019-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2019-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Power lines represent an important and increasing worldwide cause of avian mortality due to collisions involving flying birds. One positive and very important fact is that only some parts of potentially dangerous lines are responsible for the majority of killed birds. These sections need to be identified and treated with proper mitigation measures. In this article we present a specially-prepared methodology aimed at classifying power lines according to the risk they present. The identification of power lines with the highest risk of possible bird collision requires easily-accessed biological, technical and landscape information. In addition to analyses of these main inputs, our methodology also evaluates the influence of power line orientation relative to the important migration routes of birds, the effect of nearby tree growth higher than the evaluated power lines, and the complexity of landscape relief. Based on these three additional inputs, it is possible to produce a digitalized map showing with one-meter accuracy the location of power line sections with the high/middle/low mortality risk due to collision for any existing or newly-planned grid. Sections with highest risk should be considered as priority for the implementation of mitigation measures including e.g. installation of bird flight diverters. Our methodology was prepared for 22 kV and 110 kV distribution power lines in Slovakia. It is flexible enough to be applied equally to any geographic conditions and/or bird community, different voltage levels and construction designs of power lines. Our methodology can be applied by ornithologists, nature conservancy organization and power line system operators to implement environmental and cost-effective mitigation measures.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84320101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Migration pattern and wintering population of the Eurasian marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus) in the Central Marshes, a wetland of international importance in southern Iraq 在伊拉克南部具有国际重要性的中央沼泽，欧亚沼泽鹞的迁徙模式和越冬种群

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2019-0004

Omar F. Al-Sheikhly, Ahmad Al-Azawi

{"title":"Migration pattern and wintering population of the Eurasian marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus) in the Central Marshes, a wetland of international importance in southern Iraq","authors":"Omar F. Al-Sheikhly, Ahmad Al-Azawi","doi":"10.2478/srj-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is scarce information on the migration patterns and population size of the Eurasian marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus) in Iraq in general and in the southern Mesopotamian wetlands in particular. From February 2018–April 2019, a total of 11 field expeditions were conducted in the Central Marshes (219,700 ha), one of the major Mesopotamian wetlands and Iraq’s National Park, a RAMSAR and UNESCO site. Two of the field survey objectives were to determine the spatial and temporal distribution and estimate the population size of the migratory/wintering Eurasian marsh harrier in the Central Marshes. Distance sampling on three line-transects covering a study plot of 40,000 ha was conducted. Among other wintering Circus harriers, the Eurasian marsh harrier was the most abundant species with a total of 93 individuals recorded. The estimated species densities were 0.0042–0.035 individuals/ha, and the estimated size of the Eurasian marsh harrier migratory population in the Central Marshes was 922.7–7,689.5 individuals. Moreover, the migration phenology and breeding status of the Eurasian marsh harrier in the Central Marshes were investigated. Our efforts did not confirm the breeding of this species during recent years, or since the inundation of the Mesopotamian wetlands in 2003. Furthermore, hunting and trapping were identified as major threats affecting the species which need urgent conservation action.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78470587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Monitoring of effectiveness of bird flight diverters in preventing bird mortality from powerline collisions in Slovakia 监测鸟类飞行改道器在防止斯洛伐克电力线碰撞造成鸟类死亡方面的有效性

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2019-0005

M. Gális, Michael C. Sevcik

{"title":"Monitoring of effectiveness of bird flight diverters in preventing bird mortality from powerline collisions in Slovakia","authors":"M. Gális, Michael C. Sevcik","doi":"10.2478/srj-2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Flight observations and carcass searches were carried out along distribution power lines in Slovakia. 77 km of 22 kV and 110 kV lines were marked on a total of 108 sections to evaluate the effectiveness of three types of bird flight diverters (FireFly Bird Diverter, RIBE Bird Flight Diverter and SWAN-FLIGHT Diverter) designed to increase power line visibility. Numbers of carcasses were compared before and after installation of the devices and reaction distances on marked power lines were surveyed. We observed a 93.5% reduction (93 vs. 6) in the number of fatalities under the marked power lines after line marking (06/2016–06/2019) compared to the period before installation (12/2014–02/2016). 2,296 flight reactions were observed and an estimated total of 41,885 individuals (57 bird species belonging to 13 orders) were recorded with their reactions to marked lines in the period 06/2016–06/2019. After installation of bird diverters, there was a low proportion of flight distance observations at the closest distance, i.e. up to 5 m, indicating that birds reacted further away from marked lines. Although we lack flight observations for the period before the installation of diverters, the reactions of birds at greater distances and reduced number of bird victims under marked lines indicate that all tested diverters have a positive effect on reducing the number of avian collisions with power lines.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82614405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Collision between a migrating lesser spotted eagle (Clanga pomarina) and an aircraft as detailed by fine-scale GSM-GPS telemetry data 一只迁徙的小斑鹰(Clanga pomarina)与一架飞机的碰撞，由精细的GSM-GPS遥测数据详细记录

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2018-0001

B. Meyburg, T. Mizera, C. Meyburg, M. McGrady

引用次数: 0

Diet of boreal owl (Aegolius funereus) in lowlands of north-eastern Poland 波兰东北部低地北方猫头鹰的饮食

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2018-0002

Tomasz Tumiel, P. Mirski

引用次数: 0

Size of home range of Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus) males during breeding season assessed by radio-telemetry in the Jizera Mountains, Czechia 用无线电遥测法测定了捷克吉热拉山区腾格玛猫头鹰(Aegolius funereus)雄性繁殖季节的活动范围

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2018-0004

M. Kouba, V. Tomášek

{"title":"Size of home range of Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus) males during breeding season assessed by radio-telemetry in the Jizera Mountains, Czechia","authors":"M. Kouba, V. Tomášek","doi":"10.2478/srj-2018-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2018-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Animal home ranges are typically characterized by their size, shape and a given time interval and can be affected by many different biotic and abiotic factors. Understanding of animal movements and assessing the size of their home ranges are essential topics in ecology and necessary for effective species protection, especially concerning birds of prey. Using radio-telemetry (VHF; 2.1 g tail-mounted tags) we studied the movements of two Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus) males during the breeding season 2008 in a mountain area of Central Europe (the Czech Republic, the Jizera Mountains: 50˚ 50’ N, 15˚ 16’ E). We determined their average nocturnal hunting and diurnal roosting home range sizes. The mean hunting home range size calculated according to the 90% fixed kernel density estimator was 251.1 ± 43.2 ha (± SD). The mean roosting home range size calculated according to the 100% minimum convex polygon method was 57.9 ± 15.8 ha (± SD). The sizes of hunting home ranges during breeding in this study coincide with those previously reported by other studies focusing on Tengmalm’s owl males. However, we found the roosting home ranges were smaller in size compared to those previously reported. This result was most probably connected with different habitat structure in our study area, which was severally damaged by air-pollution in the past, thus probably offering fewer suitable hiding-places, for instance from predators. We found the roosting locations were concentrated in the oldest and densest Norway spruce forest patches. We emphasize that these parts of forest stands require the highest possible protection in our study area.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83308342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex identification comparison of barn owls (Tyto alba javanica) using morphological features and molecular-based methods 仓鸮(Tyto alba javanica)形态特征与分子鉴定方法的性别鉴定比较

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2018-0005

Shakinah Ravindran, S. Saufi, Wan Nur Amni, I. Ishak, N. H. Hamid, C. Abidin, A. H. Ahmad, G. Azzam, Hasber Salim

{"title":"Sex identification comparison of barn owls (Tyto alba javanica) using morphological features and molecular-based methods","authors":"Shakinah Ravindran, S. Saufi, Wan Nur Amni, I. Ishak, N. H. Hamid, C. Abidin, A. H. Ahmad, G. Azzam, Hasber Salim","doi":"10.2478/srj-2018-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2018-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sexing of barn owls, Tyto alba javanica, using morphological traits has not been accurate enough due to ambiguous sexual dimorphism between sexes. This has been one of the major problems for the management of barn owls worldwide, especially for translocation and captive-breeding programs. In order to increase the success rate of sexing the barn owl, we compared the results of a molecular sexing method to six morphological traits for sexing the owls: the shape and colour of the facial disc, the colour of the throat area, the tail plumage, the colour of their tarsus, the back plumage, and the frequency of spotting on the chest and underside of the wings. The result of our comparison showed that sex identification using morphological traits had an accuracy of only 72.7%. Three of our samples were identified as females using morphological traits, but molecular sexing determined that these samples were males. We also used our results to determine the best morphological traits for sexing barn owls, and concluded that the best traits for morphological sexing are the frequency of spotting on the chest and underparts of barn owls (accuracy of 81.8%), as well as colour of the owls’ facial disc and throat area (accuracy of 63.6%).","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78003560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

On the diet of owls (Strigiformes) in Jordan 约旦猫头鹰(鹰形目)的饮食

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2018-0003

J. Obuch

{"title":"On the diet of owls (Strigiformes) in Jordan","authors":"J. Obuch","doi":"10.2478/srj-2018-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/srj-2018-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Between 2005 and 2015 I undertook eight trips to Jordan during which I collected pellets from seven owl species. In them 14,203 food items were identified. Mammals (Mammalia, 46 species, 37.9% of prey items) formed the most numerous component, invertebrates (Evertebrata) made up 33.4%, birds (Aves, 25.4%) were represented with at least 104 species, reptiles (Reptilia) came to 3.2%, and two species of amphibian were identified (Amphibia, 0.2%). Pharoah eagle owls (Bubo ascalaphus) and Byzantine eagle owls (Bubo bubo interpositus) primarily hunt larger mammals and birds, although Agamidae and Scorpiones were also represented more frequently among B. ascalaphus. Mammals predominated among tawny owls (Strix aluco wilkonskii) (Mammalia, 58.9%), mainly the eastern rock mouse (Apodemus mystacinus) (24.9%). For wintering long-eared owls Asio otus otus the most important food was small birds (Aves, 78.3%), especially house sparrows (Passer domesticus), Fringillidae and Sylviidae. For barn owls (Tyto alba erlangeri) the principal prey was small mammals (83.1%), mainly mice (Mus sp.), Günther’s vole (Microtus guentheri), grey hamster (Cricetulus migratorius) and shrews (Soricidae). Hume’s tawny owl (Strix butleri) pellets contained mostly invertebrates (58.9%) and lizards, and their most frequent mammal prey were Wagner’s gerbil (Gerbillus dasyurus) and spiny mice (Acomys sp.). There was an even higher propostion of invertebrates (86.4%) among lilith owlets (Athene lilith). In addition to the insect orders Coleoptera, Orthoptera and Hymenoptera, remains of Scorpiones and Solifugae were also frequently found. The summarized results from individual owl species are compared with those gathered by the author in the surrounding Middle Eastern countries: Israel, Syria, Lebanon and Egypt.","PeriodicalId":56343,"journal":{"name":"Slovak Raptor Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90704464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Unusual frequent occurrence of Ural owls (Strix uralensis) in urban and rural habitats in the lowlands of southern Slovakia during the winter 2017/2018 2017/2018年冬季，斯洛伐克南部低地城市和农村栖息地异常频繁地出现乌拉尔猫头鹰(Strix uralensis)

Slovak Raptor Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/srj-2018-0006

M. Baláž, Matej Repel, Roman Slobodník

引用次数: 0