IET Signal Processing最新文献

{"title":"STAR-RIS-enabled simultaneous indoor and outdoor 3D localisation: Theoretical analysis and algorithmic design","authors":"Jiguang He,&nbsp;Aymen Fakhreddine,&nbsp;George C. Alexandropoulos","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12209","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent research and development interests deal with metasurfaces for wireless systems beyond their consideration as intelligent tunable reflectors. Among the latest proposals is the simultaneously transmitting (a.k.a. refracting) and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) which intends to enable bidirectional indoor-to-outdoor, and vice versa communications thanks to its additional refraction capability. This double functionality provides increased flexibility in concurrently satisfying the quality-of-service requirements of users located at both sides of the metasurfaces, for example, the achievable data rate and localisation accuracy. The authors focus on STAR-RIS-empowered simultaneous indoor and outdoor three-dimensional (3D) localisation, and study the fundamental performance limits via Fisher information analyses and Cramér Rao lower bounds (CRLBs). The authors also devise an efficient localisation algorithm based on an off-grid compressive sensing (CS) technique relying on atomic norm minimisation (ANM). The impact of the training overhead, the power splitting at the STAR-RIS, the power allocation between the users, the STAR-RIS size, the imperfections of the STAR-RIS-to-BS channel, as well as the role of the multi-path components on the positioning performance are assessed via extensive computer simulations. It is theoretically demonstrated that high-accuracy, up to centimetre level, 3D localisation can be simultaneously achieved for indoor and outdoor users, which is also accomplished via the proposed ANM-based estimation algorithm.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50133045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attention-based sensor fusion for emotion recognition from human motion by combining convolutional neural network and weighted kernel support vector machine and using inertial measurement unit signals","authors":"Yan Zhao,&nbsp;Ming Guo,&nbsp;Xuehan Sun,&nbsp;Xiangyong Chen,&nbsp;Feng Zhao","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12201","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The remarkable development of human–computer interactions has created an urgent need for machines to be able to recognise human emotions. Human motions play a key role in emphasising and conveying emotions to meet the complexity of daily application scenarios, such as medical rehabilitation and social education. Therefore, this paper aims to explore hidden emotional states from human motions. Accordingly, we proposed a novel approach for emotion recognition using multiple inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors worn on different body parts. First, the mapping relationship between emotion and human motion was established through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and data were collected for six emotional states: sleepy, bored, excited, tense, angry, and distressed. Second, the preprocessed data were used as input in a lightweight convolutional neural network to extract discriminative features. Third, an attention-based sensor fusion module was developed to obtain the importance scores of each IMU sensor for generating a fused feature representation. In the recognition phase, we constructed a weighted kernel support vector machine (SVM) model with an auxiliary fuzzy function to improve the weight calculation method of kernel functions in a multiple kernel SVM. Finally, the results obtained are compared with those of similar state-of-the-art studies, the proposed method showed a higher accuracy (99.02%) for the six emotional states mentioned above. These findings may promote the development of social robots with non-verbal emotional communication capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50121416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closed-form angle estimation of unresolved targets in monopulse radar to counter the angular electronic attack","authors":"Habib Rezaei,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Sebt,&nbsp;Nadali Zarei,&nbsp;Goudarz Saadati Moghadam","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Typical monopulse radar cannot detect the angle of two closely-spaced targets in one resolution cell. The authors propose a closed-form technique to estimate the angle of two unresolved targets by using a single snapshot of four radar receiver channels. In this work, phase comparison and amplitude comparison problems for monopulse radar are resolved. The monopulse radar angle estimation system has been enhanced using the diagonal difference channel. Using a single pulse, this technique can accurately determine the angle and amplitude of the deceptive decoy and the real target. If both targets have the same direction, the proposed scheme cannot detect them; therefore, to estimate the angle of such targets, we used an additional antenna. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by comparing the exact solutions and simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50118404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination search strategy-based improved particle swarm optimisation for resource allocation of multiple jammers for jamming netted radar system","authors":"Wei-qi Zou,&nbsp;Chao-yang Niu,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Yan-yun Wang,&nbsp;Jia-qi Zhan","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12198","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a new algorithm named combination search strategy (CSS)-based improved particle swarm optimisation (IPSO) to address the resource allocation problem of multiple jammers. First, the authors propose a CSS to effectively broaden the limited search range of the two-step solving framework. This method not only simplifies the solution framework but also considers the combined relationship between beam pointing and transmit power to determine the global solution to the original problem directly. Second, the authors propose the IPSO because the complexity of the decision variables is increased by CSS. This method can change the focus of searching the optimal solution at different stages, correct the direction of particle evolution over time and avoid the interference between the variables. Finally, this study simulates the problem of resource allocation of multiple jammers based on the CSS-IPSO. Based on the simulation results, the combined search strategy can obtain better resource allocation results in a short time, and the IPSO algorithm can further improve the accuracy and stability of the resource allocation results.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50149284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive elastic-net sliced inverse regression to identify risk factors affecting COVID-19 disease fatality rate","authors":"Sajedeh Lashgari,&nbsp;Mohsen Mohammadzadeh,&nbsp;Foad Ghaderi","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, we proposed a plan based on Adaptive Elastic-net Sliced Inverse Regression to identify risk factors for the coronavirus disease (Covid-19) disease in the presence of collinearity between explanatory variables. Considering the penalty of elastic-net and sliced inverse regression, this method leads to sufficient dimension reduction and the presentation of a more stable and accurate model for variable selection.We applied the proposed method to simulated data and a new real-world Covid-19 disease dataset. We observed that the proposed method reduced the experimental standard error of bootstrapping by 12% and 13% compared to the previous superior methods in this approach, respectively, for both datasets. According to the results, during the outbreak of the Covid disease and its re-intensification, countries should quickly implement the following policies: declaring quarantine with minimal exceptions, making vaccines available by prioritizing specific groups, declaring a ban on gatherings, especially gatherings of more than 1000 people, closing schools at all levels, closing some works or declaring remote work, and holding information campaigns. Especially countries with more 0-14-year-old population, higher life expectancy, lower human development index, and colder weather should make more serious decisions in their implementation because they are more at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50147582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A method for searching splitting surface considering network splitting adaptation index","authors":"Shuangteng Han,&nbsp;Xinwei Sun,&nbsp;Yuhong Wang,&nbsp;Zongsheng Zheng,&nbsp;Xi Wang,&nbsp;Peng Shi,&nbsp;Yunxiang Shi,&nbsp;Yao He","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12197","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As an effective control measure to ensure uninterrupted power supply to critical loads under extreme faults, network splitting is of great significance for maintaining system safety and stability. The purpose of this study is to develop a method to accurately and quickly find a reasonable splitting surface and reliably perform network splitting. To address the current problem of poor node classification when splitting, the correlation between nodes is obtained through modal analysis of the system. Node classification criteria are proposed to accurately classify different types of nodes and obtain a suitable splitting space. Based on the node correlation, a splitting adaptation index reflecting the suitability of splitting is proposed. Furthermore, a comprehensive index for the optimisation of the splitting surface is proposed by combining the minimum unbalanced power and the splitting adaptation index, and the splitting surface is quickly determined based on this index. Finally, simulation verification is carried out using the IEEE-118 standard system, which shows that the method can accurately determine the splitting space and optimise the selection of the splitting surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50147583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An accelerated distributed method with inexact model of relative smoothness and strong convexity","authors":"Xuexue Zhang,&nbsp;Sanyang Liu,&nbsp;Nannan Zhao","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12199","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Distributed optimisation methods are widely applied in many systems where agents cooperate with each other to minimise a sum-type problem over a connected network. An accelerated distributed method based on the inexact model of relative smoothness and strong convexity is introduced by the authors. The authors demonstrate that the proposed method can converge to the optimal solution at the linear rate <math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mfrac>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>+</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 <msqrt>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>κ</mi>\u0000 <mi>g</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </msqrt>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mfrac>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation> $frac{1}{{(1+1/(4sqrt{{kappa }_{g}}))}^{2}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and achieve the optimal gradient computation complexity and the near optimal communication complexity, where <i>κ</i>_<i>g</i> denotes the global condition number. Finally, the numerical experiments are provided to validate the theoretical results and further show the efficacy of the proposed method.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50147581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial multiplexing in near field MIMO channels with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces","authors":"Giulio Bartoli,&nbsp;Andrea Abrardo,&nbsp;Nicolo Decarli,&nbsp;Davide Dardari,&nbsp;Marco Di Renzo","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We consider a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel in the presence of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Specifically, our focus is on analysing the spatial multiplexing gains in line-of-sight and low-scattering MIMO channels in the near field. We prove that the channel capacity is achieved by diagonalising the end-to-end transmitter-RIS-receiver channel, and applying the water-filling power allocation to the ordered product of the singular values of the transmitter-RIS and RIS-receiver channels. The obtained capacity-achieving solution requires an RIS with a non-diagonal matrix of reflection coefficients. Under the assumption of nearly-passive RIS, that is, no power amplification is needed at the RIS, the water-filling power allocation is necessary only at the transmitter. We refer to this design of RIS as a linear, nearly-passive, reconfigurable electromagnetic object (EMO). In addition, we introduce a closed-form and low-complexity design for RIS, whose matrix of reflection coefficients is diagonal with unit-modulus entries. The reflection coefficients are given by the product of two focusing functions: one steering the RIS-aided signal towards the mid-point of the MIMO transmitter and one steering the RIS-aided signal towards the mid-point of the MIMO receiver. We prove that this solution is exact in line-of-sight channels under the paraxial setup. With the aid of extensive numerical simulations in line-of-sight (free-space) channels, we show that the proposed approach offers performance (rate and degrees of freedom) close to that obtained by numerically solving non-convex optimization problems at a high computational complexity. Also, we show that it provides performance close to that achieved by the EMO (non-diagonal RIS) in most of the considered case studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50153712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The adaptive constant false alarm rate for sonar target detection based on back propagation neural network access","authors":"Zhou Chen,&nbsp;Xianwen Zhao,&nbsp;Ziqi Zhou,&nbsp;Xuefei Ma,&nbsp;Qi Cheng,&nbsp;Xuan Cai,&nbsp;Bowang Jiang,&nbsp;Rahim Khan,&nbsp;Pradip Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Osama Alfarraj,&nbsp;Amr Tolba","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12196","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With oceanic reverberation and a large amount of data being the main sources of interference for underwater acoustic target detection, it is difficult to obtain a more robust detection performance by relying on the traditional constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection method. An adaptive sonar CFAR detection method based on a back propagation (BP) neural network is proposed. The method combines the artificial intelligence algorithm and the traditional detection algorithm, and uses the classification ability of the algorithm to select the detection algorithm, which can effectively improve the adaptation ability of the algorithm and the environment and the false alarm control ability. The method combines the artificial intelligence algorithm and the traditional detection algorithm, and uses the classification ability of the algorithm to select the detection algorithm, which can effectively improve the adaptation ability of the algorithm and the environment and the false alarm control ability. This method uses a BP neural network to train the target echo signal to complete the clutter background classification and establish the clutter background recognition classification set. According to the output result of each classification, the best CFAR detector is selected from four CA/SO/GO/OS-CFAR detectors to detect the target. The simulation results show the detection performance of the proposed method in a uniform environment, a multi-target environment, and a clutter edge environment. The results show that the environment adaptability is strong for different clutter backgrounds, which further improves the control ability of false alarms under a non-uniform background.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50139217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale feature cross-layer fusion remote sensing target detection method","authors":"Yuting Lin,&nbsp;Jianxun Zhang,&nbsp;Jiaming Huang","doi":"10.1049/sil2.12194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/sil2.12194","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Target detection based on remotely sensed images, which has recently attracted much attention, is a fundamental but challenging task. In remote sensing images, the problem of difficult recognition of small targets or targets with a large aspect ratio arises because the targets have the characteristics of small proportion, dense distribution, and multidirectionality. To address the above problems, this article proposes an improved multiscale feature cross-layer fusion remote sensing target detector based on YOLOv5. First, this method introduces the circular smooth label technique, using YOLOv5 as a rotation detector to solve the angular boundary condition and angle prediction problem for large aspect ratio targets. Second, the explicit visual centre module is introduced to solve the problem of missed detection in target-dense distribution tasks. Finally, a multiscale feature cross-layer fusion structure (S-160) is proposed based on YOLOv5, which improves the detection accuracy of each scale target by fusing shallow and deep feature information and introduces new large-scale features for small target detection to solve the problem that ultrasmall targets in remote sensing images cannot be recognised. Our experiments were conducted on three public remote sensing datasets, DOTA, DIOR-R, and HRSC2016, and the average accuracy (mAP) on the datasets was 76.50%, 70.34%, and 97.68%, respectively, demonstrating the substantial detection performance of the proposed method.</p>","PeriodicalId":56301,"journal":{"name":"IET Signal Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/sil2.12194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50139218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}