Geriatric Nursing最新文献

{"title":"Potential profiles of social isolation in elderly stroke patients: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Yujing Gu MSN ,&nbsp;Honggan Wang MSN ,&nbsp;Ka Yan Ho PHD ,&nbsp;Ting Mao MSN ,&nbsp;Yun Zhao BS ,&nbsp;Jun Xie MSN","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Social isolation is a psychological state resulting from insufficient interpersonal interaction, marked by loneliness, helplessness, and unmet social needs following voluntary or involuntary social withdrawal. It may negatively impact the quality of life in elderly stroke patients. Due to its subtle nature and the varying clinical presentations and intervention needs across demographic groups, exploring its characteristics and influencing factors in this population holds important clinical value.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 376 elderly stroke patients were surveyed between January and October 2024 using the Generalized Alienation Scale (GAS), Fear of Progression Questionnaire–Short Form (FoP-Q-SF), Distress Disclosure Index (DDI), and Stroke Stigma Scale (SSS). Latent profile analysis was employed to classify participants based on social isolation variables, and multinomial logistic regression was used to identify subgroup-specific influencing factors related to demographic and clinical characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three subgroups were identified: \"low social isolation group\" (C1), \"moderate social isolation group\" (C2), and \"high social isolation group\" (C3). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that living alone, monthly household income, family status, physical disabilities, fear of disease progression, and stigma are significant influencing factors among these subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study identified three distinct subgroups of elderly stroke patients marked by varying levels of social isolation. To effectively reduce social isolation and improve rehabilitation outcomes, health care professionals should design targeted interventions tailored to the specific characteristics of each subgroup.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do different factors affect anxiety in persons with dementia based on their cognitive status?","authors":"Mina Hwang BSN, RN,&nbsp;Yeji Hwang PhD, RN","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While various factors can trigger anxiety in persons with dementia, there is limited information on whether these factors vary based on cognitive status. Therefore, this study aimed to examine factors associated with anxiety in persons with dementia by their cognitive status. Using data from the Round 12 of the NHATS, 1040 older adults were categorized into those with possible or probable dementia. Sociodemographic characteristics, pain, sleep problems, self-rated health, dependency in activities of daily living, social isolation, perceived social cohesion, and depression were included. While sleep problems and depression were related to anxiety in those with both probable and possible dementia, pain was only related to anxiety in those with possible dementia, and perceived social cohesion was only related to anxiety in those with probable dementia. When persons with dementia present anxiety, healthcare professionals and caregivers should consider factors identified in this study to better understand and manage anxiety symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home care nurses’ ethical compass in palliative decision-making processes","authors":"Sandra Jahr Svendsen RN MClinNurs PhD candidate ,&nbsp;Ellen Karine Grov RN MScN PhD Professor ,&nbsp;Katrine Staats RN MClinNurs Associate Professor","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored home care nurses' experiences with shared decision-making regarding treatment and care for home-dwelling patients in the palliative phase, focusing on their perceptions of their role. An exploratory qualitative design was used to conduct and interpret four focus group interviews with 24 home care nurses from four municipalities, guided by Gadamer's hermeneutics. Two themes emerged: (1) Being captured between guidelines and personal values, highlighting the importance of covering one’s back and the challenges of addressing a patient’s ambivalence in decisions about life and death, and (2) Navigating the home care nurses’ role, involving being caught in a network of blurry boundaries and sitting tight – understood as holding back one’s views or actions even when a clear course seems evident – when decisions need to be made. This study highlights home care nurses' ethical challenges in shared decision-making. It suggests the core principles of healthcare ethics as a framework to support home care nurses in clarifying their roles and enhancing shared decision-making in palliative care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications such as sarcopenia, frailty, and decreased intrinsic capacity are associated with falls in patients with stable schizophrenia","authors":"Sha Huang ,&nbsp;Ming Chen ,&nbsp;Tian Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiuping Lei ,&nbsp;Qiuxia Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103582","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Falls have significant health consequences and are a common complication in psychiatric patients. Studies have shown associations of falls with sarcopenia, frailty, and decreased intrinsic capacity (IC). However, these relationships have not been investigated in schizophrenia patients. Here, we aim to the assessment of the role of sarcopenia, frailty, and decreased IC as predictors of falls in patients with stable schizophrenia.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Measurements&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting and Participants: The study included inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia from two mental health centers in Western China. The inclusion criteria were inpatients aged 50 years and over as well as those on regular neuroleptic medication&lt;strong&gt;.&lt;/strong&gt; Basic information was obtained through face-to-face interviews with the patients. Sarcopenia was diagnosed following the diagnostic criteria, defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019. Frailty was measured by the FRAIL scale, while IC was evaluated through assessment of five characteristics: cognition, psychological, sensory function, vitality and locomotion. The outcome indicator was the number of falls in the past year, obtained by consulting the medical records and interrogating the patients and medical staff. The correlation between sarcopenia, frailty, IC and falls was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;339 patients diagnosed with stable schizophrenia were recruited in the study, with a mean age of 65 years among who 232 (68.44 %) were males. 55 (16.22 %) of them reported falls in the past year. Patients diagnosed with sarcopenia and frailty were 180 (53.10 %) and 47 (13.86 %), respectively. 321 were diagnosed with IC decline, of which 130 (40.50 %), 73 (22.74 %), 68 (21.18 %), 44 (13.71 %) and 6 (1.87 %) were impaired in one, two, three, four, and five dimensions, respectively. Patients with sarcopenia and frailty had a higher incidence of falls than those without (sarcopenia: 21.67 % vs 10.06 %, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.004; frailty: 31.91 % vs 13.7 %, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.002). The IC score of the fall group was significantly higher than that in the non-fall group (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.001). After adjustment for possible confounding variables, logistic regression analysis showed that patients with sarcopenia and frailty had an increased likelihood of falls compared with those without (sarcopenia: OR = 3.24, 95 % CI: 1.18–8.88; frailty: OR = 1.46, 95 %CI: 1.14–1.87). It was also confirmed that higher IC scores were associated with a greater risk of falling (OR = 1.42, 95 %CI: 1.08–1.88).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The findings showed that complications such as sarcopenia, frailty, and decreased IC were associated with falls in patients with stable schizophrenia, and that these conditions are common in this populations. It is recommended that clinicians and medical personnel be aware of these asso","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the simplified chinese version of the expectations regarding aging scale-12","authors":"Yanrong DU ,&nbsp;Richard Huan XU","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the 12-item Expectations of Aging Scale (C-ERA-12).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Psychometric properties were evaluated by conducting confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess construct validity to determine whether the C-ERA-12 supports the three-factor structure (physical health, mental health, and cognitive function) identified in the original version. Convergent validity was assessed through correlation analysis, and known-group validity was evaluated by the C-ERA-12′s ability to significantly differentiate between risk groups. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The CFA results supported the three-factor structure. Mild-to-moderate associations were observed between the C-ERA-12 and relevant measures, demonstrating acceptable convergent validity. Known-group validity was partially supported. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.85 indicated good internal consistency.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The C-ERA-12 has good psychometric properties and can be used as a valid instrument to measure expectations regarding aging in the Chinese population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and external validation of risk prediction models for depression in patients with osteoporosis","authors":"Wanlin Jin ,&nbsp;Linke Shi ,&nbsp;Shuying Liu ,&nbsp;Zhangxin Wen ,&nbsp;Haiqin Wang ,&nbsp;Yingquan Luo ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Sheng","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Patients with osteoporosis have a significantly increased risk of depression compared with those without osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to develop and validate predictive models of depression risk for the osteoporosis population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2010, 2013–2014, and 2017–2018 were used in this study. Data from the 2017–2018 survey cycle was used as the external validation set. For the remaining years of data, 70 % of the subjects were randomly assigned to the training set and the remaining subjects formed the testing set. Based on literature reference, variables were collected and SVM-RFE algorithms were used for feature selection to screen predictor variables. The prediction model was constructed via multivariate logistic regression; the nomogram was established based on the results. The model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sleep disorder, education, HDL-C, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, BMI, age, triglycerides, Bilirubin, smoke, C-reactive protein, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, diabetes mellitus and HbA1c were included in the nomogram after filtering predictive variables. The AUCs of the nomogram for the training set, testing set and external validation set were 0.831 (95 % confidence intervals (CI) = 0.784–0.878), 0.710 (95 % CI = 0.623–0.796), and 0.714 (95 % CI = 0.623–0.804), respectively. The brier scores in the training set, testing set and external validation dataset were 0.080, 0.101, and 0.114 respectively. DCA revealed that the nomogram model in the training, testing set, and external validation set had a net benefit when the risk thresholds were 0–0.38, 0–0.20, and 0–0.22 respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We have developed a depression risk prediction model for clinical application in patients with osteoporosis, which aids in identifying individuals at an early stage who are at risk of developing depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating facilitators and barriers to the implementation of internet +rehabilitation nursing among older adults using the RE-AIM framework: A qualitative study","authors":"Haixia Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanmin Jia ,&nbsp;Bin Ma ,&nbsp;Hui Wei ,&nbsp;Danyang Li ,&nbsp;Junlian Gu ,&nbsp;Ou Chen ,&nbsp;Shouwei Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To describe the facilitators of and barriers to the implementation of internet+rehabilitation nursing services.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A descriptive qualitative study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A purposive sampling method was used to select rehabilitation nurses involved in internet+rehabilitation nursing services as the study subjects. An interview outline was developed based on the RE-AIM framework as a guide. Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified key facilitators and barriers in five dimensions. In the reach dimension, facilitators included high demand and good economic status, while barriers included weak awareness of rehabilitation and distrust. For effectiveness, facilitators comprised accessible and convenient teaching, acceptability and satisfaction of services, and solving care problems, whereas low compliance was the primary barrier. In the adoption dimension, facilitators included increased hospital visibility and young nurses being the mainstay, while work-family conflicts and unstandardized training were identified as barriers. The implementation dimension had two facilitators: two-person clinic visits and helpfulness in reducing environmental risks, alongside three barriers: high costs, low profitability of hospitals, and poor functionality of ordering software. Finally, in the maintenance dimension, facilitators included the establishment of specialized institutions or departments and continuous support from national policies, while barriers included exclusion from Medicare reimbursement and formalism.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Future studies should pay more attention to the evaluation of the adoption, implementation, and maintenance dimensions of internet+rehabilitation nursing services. The results offer evidence-based recommendations for putting internet+rehabilitation nursing services into practice. It provides a new perspective on how to implement this service across China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep quality types and influencing factors of frail elderly in long-term care facilities: A latent profile analysis","authors":"Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Xing Wu ,&nbsp;Caihong Yang ,&nbsp;Yarou Liao ,&nbsp;Jiahui Lv ,&nbsp;Yajuan Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate distinct categories of sleep quality among frail elderly residents in long-term care facilities using latent profile analysis and to analyze the factors influencing these categories. A convenience sample of 309 frail elderly individuals from three long-term care facilities in Xinjiang was surveyed between November 2023 and January 2024. Data were collected utilizing a general information questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Latent class analysis was performed using Mplus 8.3 to identify subgroups. Three categories of sleep quality were identified: Good Sleepers (<em>n</em> = 125), Sleep Disturbance (<em>n</em> = 135), and Hypnotic Medication Users (<em>n</em> = 49). Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that chronic pain, the number of medications taken, and current smoking status significantly influenced sleep quality (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). There is significant heterogeneity in sleep quality among frail elderly residents in care facilities. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the distinct characteristics of sleep quality in these subgroups and prioritize interventions for those with chronic pain, polypharmacy, and current smoking habits to improve their sleep quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced age, tobacco use, insufficient physical activity, and high sedentary behavior associated with lower limb muscle weakness in older adults: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Júlia Perfeito Andrade UG ,&nbsp;Maria Clara Alves de Oliveira UG ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Souza Porto UG ,&nbsp;Gizelly Maria Torres Martins UG ,&nbsp;Nurielly Monteiro Campos UG ,&nbsp;Paulo da Fonseca Valença Neto MSc ,&nbsp;Claudio Bispo de Almeida PhD ,&nbsp;Saulo Sacramento Meira PhD ,&nbsp;Débora Jesus da Silva BS ,&nbsp;Cezar Augusto Casotti PhD ,&nbsp;Lucas dos Santos PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the factors associated with lower limb (LL) muscle weakness in older adults residing in a small municipality in Northeastern Brazil. <em>Methods:</em> This population-based, cross-sectional epidemiological study included 194 older adults. Independent variables included socioeconomic, behavioral, and health-related factors. The outcome was defined by poor performance on the 30-second chair stand test. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate Prevalence Ratios (PR) and corresponding 95 % Confidence Intervals (CI). <em>Results:</em> The prevalence of LL muscle weakness was 30.40 %. A higher probability of LL muscle weakness was observed among individuals of advanced age (PR: 1.05; 95 % CI: 1.021.07), those who reported smoking (PR: 2.31; 95 % CI: 1.23–4.42), were insufficiently active (PR: 1.98; 95 % CI: 1.13–3.46), or exhibited high sedentary behavior (PR: 1.72; 95 % CI: 1.08–2.72). <em>Conclusion:</em> Advanced age, insufficient physical activity, high sedentary behavior, and tobacco use were positively associated with LL muscle weakness in the study population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of neuromodulation interventions combined with robot-assisted gait training on lower extremity motor function in stroke patients: A network meta-analysis","authors":"Haiping Huang ,&nbsp;Beisi Zheng ,&nbsp;Xinyi Su ,&nbsp;Shishi Chen ,&nbsp;Jianer Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.103535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The combination of neuromodulation interventions with robot-assisted gait training (RAGT)</div><div>for enhancing lower limb motor function recovery in stroke patients remains contentious.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the effects of neuromodulation combined with RAGT on patients with lower limb motor dysfunction following a stroke and to analyze the optimal combined treatment strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and SinoMed databases. Two independent researchers performed literature screening, data extraction, and bias assessment. After data integration, the Cochrane risk of bias tool and PEDro scale were used to evaluate study quality. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata 18.0 software, and the GRADE system was employed to assess evidence quality. Results are expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eleven studies involving 445 stroke patients were included. Meta-analysis indicated that neuromodulation (acupuncture, tDCS, rTMS) combined with RAGT significantly improved FMA-LE scores ,BBS scores ,and 6MWT distances compared to RAGT alone, with no significant difference in FAC scores .In the order of FMA-LE , FAC , and BBS ,SUCRA results show: rTMS+RAGT (98.6 %) &gt; acupuncture+RAGT (67.5 %) &gt; RAGT (23.0 %) &gt; DCS+RAGT (10.9 %); acupuncture+RAGT (89.1 %) &gt; rTMS+RAGT (72.0 %) &gt; tDCS+RAGT (34.3 %) &gt; RAGT (4.6 %); acupuncture+RAGT (83.4 %) &gt; rTMS+RAGT (83.2 %) &gt; RAGT (26.0 %) &gt; tDCS+RAGT (7.4 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Neuromodulation interventions (rTMS, tDCS, acupuncture) combined with RAGT can significantly enhance lower limb motor function in stroke patients. Acupuncture or rTMS combined with RAGT may represent the optimal strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56258,"journal":{"name":"Geriatric Nursing","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}