International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Drug Use Among Juveniles In The Observation, Protection Centers And Training Schools In Thailand: An Analysis Of Causal Factors","authors":"Rojana Wirojkul","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1034653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1034653","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of drugs is considered to be crucial and it has become a significant issue in Thailand. This study aims to study drug use behavior and causal factors influencing drug use behaviors of children and juveniles in the Juvenile Observation and Protection Center and the Juvenile Training Schools. Quantitative research method was adopted for this study. The sample groups were children and juveniles in the Juvenile Observation and Protection Center and in the Juvenile Training Schools. The results of the study found that, all causal factors; attitude towards drugs use  behavior, perceived behavioral control, intention to commit to drug use behavior and outweighing factor could explain the variability of intent at 51% and could also explain the variability of drug use behaviors of children and juvenile at 54%, whereas, independent variables in relation to perceived behavioral control do significantly influence intent towards drug use behaviors. This study recommends guidelines for executives in planning a policy for those involved in the implementation of prevention, providing a therapeutic and rehabilitative solution for children and youths involved with drugs. Eventually, this study will be useful and beneficial for taking care of children and youths in the future.","PeriodicalId":56166,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45736020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Thailand'S Comprehensive Crime Victim Assistance Model Through A Comparative Perspective Of The Swedish And Norwegian Systems","authors":"Srisombat Chokprajakchat, Wanaporn Techagaisiyavanit","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.1034667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.1034667","url":null,"abstract":"In the era in which crime victims’ rights have gained their central role in the criminal justice system, Thailand has yet faced the most challenging task in the area of crime victim support and assistance in order to modernize and implement its domestic laws in compliance with the international standard. This research paper aims at examining the key issues of the public administration in the assistance of crime victims in Thailand, and providing a comparative perspective through the analysis of the Swedish and Norwegian practices in order to formulate a proper crime assistance model for Thailand.","PeriodicalId":56166,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48329831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When the Full Moon Rises over the Sunshine State: A Quantitative Evaluation of Queensland Police Calls","authors":"G. Sheldon, H. Prunckun","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.345722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.345722","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionExamining the lunar hypothesis that human behaviour is affected by the full phase of the moon takes one on an interesting journey through time. The earliest recorded account of this belief can be found during the Hippocratic period, circa 400 BC (Cooke & Coles, 1978). The belief that people become lunatics, or that unusual behaviour or events manifest more frequently when the moon is full, hereinafter referred to as the lunar hypothesis, has been the subject of some research, but much discussion. References to the moon affecting human behaviour are common in the worlds of popular culture, academia, as well as the arts. In the late-1960s, the American rock band Creedence Clearwater Revival warned of a \"bad moon rising\" (Fogarty, 1969). And, in the 1970s the Jackson Five advised, don't blame it on the moonlight (Jackson, 1978).While some researchers have disputed the validity of the effects of a full moon (Crowe & Miura, 1995; Owens & McGowan, 2006; Russell & Dua, 1983), there are others who have identified a link (Cohen-Mansfield, Marx, & Werna, 1989; Purpura, 1979; Tasso & Miller, 1976; Templer, Veleber, & Brooner, 1982; Thakur & Sharma, 1984). It would seem that there are no definitive answers. There is an organisational-based discourse within the respected professions of psychiatric nursing, policing, and emergency medicine, all supporting the lunar hypothesis (Calver, Stokes, & Isbister, 2009; Rotton & Kelly, 1985b) and the topic has held academic and public interest for a considerable period.In dismissing the beliefs of mental health professionals, police, and emergency workers, some researchers rationalise the anecdotal evidence as illusory correlation; the tendency to overestimate a relationship between two variables where, in fact, none exists (Gorvin & Roberts, 1994). Attributing beliefs of a lunar effect on human behaviour, is like grounding such a position in little more than the tapestry of folklore associated with the topic (Bickis, Kelly, & Byrnes, 1995, p. 701).TheoryIn respect of the lunar hypothesis, it is argued that there are two dominate theories; yet both are attenuated by a paucity of rigorous scientific investigation. The two theoretical positions this paper puts forward are termed gravity (i.e., human tide) and the other luminosity. Scholars appear to have been content to have examined the lunar hypothesis for close to a century (Cooke and Coles, 1978), more intent upon identifying or quantifying lunacy, than identifying causes associated with the phenomenon. By way of example, Barr (2000) lamented that a change to this situation was still some time away:Researchers do not agree on exactly what effect they are looking for or whether it is only likely to occur in certain individuals. These problems stem from the absence of a widely accepted theoretical base which could account for any supposed lunar effect on [subjects]. Unfortunately, there is little sign this situation will change in the ... future (Barr, 2000)","PeriodicalId":56166,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"129-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71077538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thai Massage and Commercial Sex Work: A Phenomenological Study","authors":"Elizabeth Monk-Turner, Charlie G. Turner","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.345707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.345707","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionMany researchers have suggested that commercial sex work in Thailand has gone into massage establishments. The paper explores how the experience of receiving massage in Thailand differs by four types of establishment (street front, massage schools, spas, and high-end resorts) and whether or not unsolicited sexual services are offered. First, we look at the history of massage, then the nature of sex work in Thailand, and finally Thai massage.Massage therapy is an ancient healing art. The first references to massage appeared 2000 B.C. Forms of massage therapy, bodywork, or somatic therapy were part of the ancient civilizations of Greece, Rome, China, Japan, and India (Field, Diego, & Hernandez-Reif, 2007). In 1850, two physicians introduced massage in the United States; however, it was not until the mid-1980's that massage emerged as a popular healing modality. Athletes were among the first, in the United States, to appreciate the healing benefits of massage therapy (Ayers & Kronenfeld, 2010).There are more than 80 types of massage therapy. Massage typically involves the application of various techniques to the muscular structure and soft tissues of the body. Types of massage include Swedish, deep tissue, trigger point, Shiatsu, and Thai massage to name a few. Therapists use their hands, fingers, forearms, elbows, and feet to manipulate the soft tissue of the body. Massage therapy helps treat chronic disease, neurological disorders, injuries, and alleviates tension and stress in the human body. Given that 80-90% of disease is thought to be stress related, the benefits of massage are notable in any wellness program (Ayers & Kronenfeld, 2010; Smith, Sullivan & Baxter, 2009). Still, a 2002 survey of American's who used Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) revealed that only 5% reported that they received a massage in the past year (Field et al, 2007).While the benefits of touch have been widely documented, few individuals receive touch in their adult lives (Lund, 2000; Sharpe, Williams, Granner & Hussey, 2007; Donoyama, Munakata & Shibasaki, 2010). The growth of massage therapy, as a legitimate healing modality, has been adversely affected by an association between touch and sex (Wahnschafft, 1982; Nicholls & Cheek, 2006).There is a lingering wonder about nonsexual therapeutic touch. Around the world, perhaps this problem is most apparent in Thailand.Commercial Sex WorkA critical issue facing Thai massage therapists is the link many place between massage and the selling of sexual services. For example, Rojanapithayakorn (2006) maintains that sex work in Thailand was establishment based, or in direct sex establishments, like brothels and inexpensive hotels (see Farley 2009). However, since the onset of the AIDS epidemic, Tharawan et al. (2003) argue that sex workers moved into non-establishment (or indirect sex establishments) spaces such as bars, nightclubs, cafes or restaurants, and massage parlors (emphasis ours). In indirect sex","PeriodicalId":56166,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71077556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives of women in prostitution diversion program on DNA collection for a high-risk DNA database","authors":"S. Katsanis, M. Felini, Joyce Kim, Mollie A Minear, S. Chandrasekharan, Jennifer K. Wagner","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.345720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.345720","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionGenetic information is an ideal biometric tool for identification, particularly when compared to biological relatives through kinship analysis. Too often, unidentified remains are of vulnerable populations, including local and transient persons such as vagrant youth, homeless persons, drug users, sex workers, and undocumented migrants. Oftentimes, individuals of these populations travel with no identification or with false identifiers, making biometrics a necessity for investigating post-mortem identity. Preemptive DNA collection from high-risk populations is one approach to allow law enforcement to identify victims that may be challenging to identify post-mortem. Emergent programs within law enforcement have developed with a sampling of identifications made.Forensic communities keen to use biometrics for identification benefit from social science data to document the perspectives of the populations whom they seek to serve. Assessing high-risk populations' perspectives on the use of biometrics for identification is challenging, particularly when individuals might be incarcerated, easily coerced, fearful of deportation, or non-English speaking. Women engaged with a prostitution diversion program provide an opportunity to engage with such a vulnerable population as a sample set of vulnerable populations' perspectives. Social science research on the social implications of forensic applications is vital to maximize success of humanitarian-based efforts for applying biometrics for identification.Sex workers are at an elevated risk for becoming victims of violent crime, and DNA forensic analysis can be crucial for identifying these victims. National, state, and local efforts to coordinate law enforcement and victim services have escalated in recent years (Etchegaray et al., 2013), but our understanding of the effectiveness of these efforts to decriminalize sex workers and re-conceptualize their status as sex trafficking victims is limited (Seidenberg, 2013). Because prostitution remains a criminal offense in most jurisdictions, sex workers (whether voluntary actors or human trafficking victims) are unable or reluctant to seek assistance from victims' support providers, law enforcement, or the judicial system due to fear of prosecution for their acts of prostitution, fear of retaliation from their traffickers (such as pimps and madams), and general distrust of authorities.Sex workers often avoid carrying legal forms of personal identification and might use false identities (i.e., aliases) when working \"on the street,\" when confronted by law enforcement, and even when being treated by health care providers. Because sex trafficking victims might come into police contact using different aliases and without verifiable identification, identity is difficult to establish consistently for a single individual across jurisdictions. Sex workers have been referred to as the \"missing missing,\" that is, missing persons who are never reported as missing (Q","PeriodicalId":56166,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"111-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71077519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}