Safety and Health at Work最新文献

{"title":"Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Job Accommodation for Workers with Health Problems in Japan during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Yu Igarashi ,&nbsp;Seiichiro Tateishi ,&nbsp;Arisa Harada ,&nbsp;Kosuke Mafune ,&nbsp;Mayumi Tsuji ,&nbsp;Akira Ogami ,&nbsp;Tomohisa Nagata ,&nbsp;Ryutaro Matsugaki ,&nbsp;Yoshihisa Fujino ,&nbsp;for the CORoNaWork project","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic, many health-impaired workers of vulnerable socioeconomic status (SES) suffered employment and health problems. This study investigated the relationship between workers with health problems in vulnerable SES and job accommodation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional internet monitoring study was conducted among 33,302 Japanese workers from December 22 to 26, 2020. Of the total survey participants, 6,309 who reported that they needed accommodations from their companies were included in the analysis. Using a multilevel logistic regression model, we examined the relationship between their SES and the lack of job accommodations from their companies, and age-sex-adjusted and multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Multivariate analysis revealed that the OR for the lack of accommodations from companies was significantly higher for non-desk jobs than desk jobs (OR=1.15, 95% CI: 1.04–1.28, p=0.01). The ORs also differed based on household incomes and number of employees. ORs were significantly higher for those with an equivalent household income of less than 2.9 million yen compared with 9 million yen or more (OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.39–1.97, p&lt;0.01). Comparing with firms with 1,000 or more employees, the ORs were significantly higher for those with fewer than 30 employees (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.05–1.40, p&lt;0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found a relationship between SES and the lack of job accommodation for workers with health problems. The lack of job accommodation may further worsen SES and health conditions, reinforcing the importance of accommodating the needs of vulnerable SES workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 180-186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of Psychosocial Safety Climate in the Korean Workforce: A Nationwide Survey","authors":"Hyo Jeong Kim ,&nbsp;Seong-Sik Cho ,&nbsp;May Young Loh ,&nbsp;Min Young Park ,&nbsp;Dong-Wook Lee ,&nbsp;Jaesung Choi ,&nbsp;Mo-Yeol Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated status of psychosocial safety climate (PSC) among Korean workers. Data were collected from 5,064 wage earners as part of the 4th wave of the Korean Work, Sleep, and Health Study. PSC was measured using the validated 4-item PSC questionnaire. The results revealed an average PSC score of 8.70, with 50.71% of participants classified as high-risk. Significant variations were observed across age, gender, and employment type. These findings suggest that PSC in the Republic of Korea is generally lower than in other countries, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. Disparities in PSC perception across different demographic and occupational groups suggest that targeted strategies are necessary to enhance psychological safety in the workplace. Future research should focus on addressing these perception gaps to create more effective interventions for improving PSC and employee mental health in the Republic of Korea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 249-254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory Study for the Adaptability of Trust Leading Indicator and Proactive Leading Indicator Based on Prevention Culture","authors":"Kwangsu Moon ,&nbsp;Kyung Woo Kim ,&nbsp;Ji Dong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study explored the applicability of the Trust Leading Indicator (TLI) and Proactive Leading Indicator (PLI), developed as part of the Vision Zero, a global campaign for the dissemination of prevention culture, in Korean industries. The relationship between these indicators and safety culture-related variables were compared, such as safety climate, safety behavior, risk perception, and accident experience.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study sample comprised 630 workers from 12 subcontractors affiliated with the Republic of Korea's large manufacturing plant. Correlations among the main variables were examined, including group differences in TLI and PLI based on subjective accident experience.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The TLI and PLI had significant positive correlations with the sub-factors of safety climate and safety behavior and negative correlations with risk perception, indicating their potential utility as extensions of existing safety culture indicators. A significant difference in TLI and PLI was observed across accident experience levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite limitations, such as the predominance of male workers in the study owing to the nature of the industry and use of subjective accident experience rather than official industrial accident data, this study is significant as it explores the applicability of the two leading indicators of prevention culture in Korean industries, confirming the potential utility of these indicators across various cultural contexts and contributing to global efforts to disseminate a prevention culture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 193-199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-spotted Spider Mite as a Factor for Occupational Asthma in Nonfarmer Apple-packing Workers","authors":"Won-Seok Cha ,&nbsp;Deaho Kim ,&nbsp;Jae-Hoon Shin ,&nbsp;Jin-Ee Baek ,&nbsp;Mi-Yeon Kim ,&nbsp;Sangjun Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Few cases of asthma caused by the two-spotted spider mite (TSM) have been reported among nonfarmer apple-packing workers. This study investigated whether allergic sensitization due to the TSM occurs in workers at the Agricultural Products Processing Center. The polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze apples and leaves provided to the Agricultural Products Processing Center for the presence of TSM. Skin prick tests using TSM antigen were administered to 10 workers, and serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgE for TSM antigens were quantified. Of the 10 workers, four tested positive for TSM in the skin prick test, three had elevated total IgE levels, and one had also elevated specific IgE levels to TSM. This confirms that apple-packing workers risk allergic sensitization due to TSM exposure. Preventive measures are recommended not only for apple farmers but also for nonfarmer apple-packing workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 122-126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Korean Safety Ladder With Ensured Overturning Stability","authors":"Giyeol Lee ,&nbsp;Jeongjae Park ,&nbsp;Ilnam Lee ,&nbsp;Jongmoon Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We have developed the Korean safety ladder as part of development of new safety technologies that can be accepted in industrial sites and would like to introduce the testing process to secure safety.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The test load and horizontal force prescribed by ANSI A14.7 and EN131-7 standards for only the overturning stability test were applied to calculate the weight required for securing overturning stability according to standards and installation of outrigger with the variables of the height of platform, the angle of inclination of the worker, and the size of the platform.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The weight of a Korean safety ladder required for securing overturning stability according to the height is as follows: as mentioned by the ANSI A14.7, it is stable regardless of the weight when an outrigger. By the EN131-7 standard, a 5-step ladder is stable regardless of the weight, but 54 kg or more of weight is required for an 8-step ladder when an outrigger is installed. When there is no outrigger, 122 kg and 251 kg are required for 5-step and 8-step ladders, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It is necessary to restrict inclined working on the platform at less than 66° of inclination angle by the EN131-7 standards and secure 43 kg or more of weight in the minimum width of a platform of 400 mm or expand the ladder width or open length of the outrigger.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Work-relatedness of Shoulder Musculoskeletal Disorders as by Using Machine Learning","authors":"Saemi Jung ,&nbsp;Bogeum Kim ,&nbsp;Yoon-Ji Kim ,&nbsp;Eun-Soo Lee ,&nbsp;Dongmug Kang ,&nbsp;Youngki Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aimed to develop prediction models for the work-relatedness of shoulder diseases through machine learning algorithms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The dataset comprised 7,270 cases of 8,302 individuals who applied for occupational diseases and received the final approval decision from the Korea Workers' Compensation and Welfare Service's Disease Evaluation Committee, which is related to shoulder musculoskeletal disorders between January 2020 and December 2021. In this study, demographic analysis and difference of approval rate by shoulder diseases were performed. Additionally, machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest, and the XGBoost, were utilized to construct prediction models for work-relatedness assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The performance of each model was evaluated. XGBoost showed an accuracy of 81.64% and an area under the curve of 0.73, and random forest showed an accuracy of 84.46% and an area under the curve of 0.73. Key factors influencing work-relatedness assessment were employment period, physical burden score, gender, and age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The application of various machine learning techniques showed high performance score, representing that it would be helpful to reduce the differences in judgment between occupational environment medicine physicians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 113-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Challenges Among Waste Collectors in Bangladesh: Exploring Risk Factors Using Multi-level Modeling","authors":"Safayet Hossain ,&nbsp;Md Farhad Hossain ,&nbsp;Bowen Liu ,&nbsp;Anjuman Ara ,&nbsp;Haneen Alsaoud ,&nbsp;Md Abdul Majed Patwary","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Waste collectors face multi-faceted health risks including exposure to musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory diseases, and workplace injuries because of their hazardous work environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that affect health of the waste collectors across Bangladesh.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data on a cross-sectional survey obtained information from 481 waste collectors about their demographics, housing conditions, hygiene practices, security measures, and disease prevalence. Descriptive analyses and multi-level models are used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As per univariate analysis, 81.3% did not have access to clean water, 58.4% did not have access to sanitation, and 65.9% of people lived in unhealthy housing. According to bivariate analysis, there is an association between unhealthy working conditions i.e., respiratory illnesses (19.1% asthma, 29.7% cough), gastrointestinal issues (59.3% discomfort, 24.1% diarrhea), musculoskeletal disorders, and dermatological diseases, and unsafe working conditions (i.e., 60% no masks, 71% no gloves, and 75% no boots). Considering geographic clustering, multi-level modeling examined how different factors affected particular illnesses. The following were significant protective factors: better housing (80% lower odds of acute irritation), security measures (50% lower odds of gastrointestinal diseases), good hygiene (62% lower odds of dermatological diseases), and younger age (2% higher odds of respiratory diseases per year).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In summary, unsafe living and working conditions greatly push the risks of illness for waste collectors. These risks to occupational health can be reduced with targeted interventions that enhance housing, hygiene, security protocols, and working conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-masking Posts on Instagram: Content Analysis During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Emma K. Quinn ,&nbsp;Robert T. Duffy ,&nbsp;Kristian Larsen ,&nbsp;Maria Dalton ,&nbsp;Cheryl E. Peters","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The SARS-CoV-2 viral outbreak has been conflicts with the past-tense narrative elsewhere in the abstract.; the infodemic. Misinformation about the virus and disease it causes (COVID-19) has been linked with authority-questioning beliefs, co-branding with conspiracies, and other misinformation across social media. Distrust in simple occupational and public health tools we have at our disposal (like well-fitting face masks) has proliferated. Despite attempts to curb the spread of untrue or misleading information on COVID-19, this messaging persists on social media.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a clean and cleared account, the 300 top posts under the hashtag #masksdontwork were collected on Instagram for thematic analysis over three weeks in June 2022, with three separate data collection dates. Themes contained in the posts were independently assessed by two coders and discrepancies were resolved by consensus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The most dominant theme among posts was mistrust, including “government lies” and “media lies.” Anti-masking rhetoric was the second most frequent theme, where “freedom” and “disbelief in data” were common sub-themes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Science denial and propaganda shared among Instagram users may represent an onramp to consumption of broader conspiracy theories and government distrust, in addition to having negative health effects and social consequences for workers regardless of whether they wear masks. Social media algorithms promote similar misinformation or authority-questioning beliefs to users who view related content. Addressing the spread of health-related misinformation can assist in deconstructing myths and increasing trust in public health authorities and prevent the spread of communicable diseases among workers and the public.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management and Collection of Occupational Data for Health (ODH) in National Public Health Statistics: Evaluation and Recommendations for Korea","authors":"Dong-Uk Park ,&nbsp;Kyung Ehi Zoh ,&nbsp;Yun-Keun Lee ,&nbsp;Hoekyeong Seo ,&nbsp;Sangjun Choi ,&nbsp;Dong-Hee Koh ,&nbsp;Jin-Ha Yoon ,&nbsp;Kanwoo Youn ,&nbsp;Mo-Yeol Kang ,&nbsp;Eun Suk Choi ,&nbsp;Jungwon Kim ,&nbsp;Yangho Kim ,&nbsp;Domyung Paek","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The aims of this study are to examine how occupation-related data and information for health (ODH) are collected and managed from census-based surveys and potential occupational illness and injuries (POI_S) statistics, and to propose a national strategy for the systematic collection, analysis, and management of ODH by building on the Korean Standard Classification of Occupation (KSCO) and using a job exposure matrix (JEM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The status of the collection and management of ODH registered as national statistics, drawn not only from the census-based general population and workforce, but also from POIS statistics was reviewed and evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ODH from the Republic of Korea's Census of Population and Labor Force are collected and classified according to the KSCO. In contrast, national statistics on POIS are not systematically collected for KSCO coding, reflecting the lack of an KSCO and related guidelines on how to collect ODH. Key frameworks for the construction of both an KSCO and a reference JEM for public health surveillance are proposed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Further research is needed to develop a national system for collecting and managing ODH, which will ultimately contribute to the use of a national KSCO and the construction of JEM for public health surveillance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 60-68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Quality of Life and Occupational Health Literacy Among Informal Wood Furniture Workers in Thailand","authors":"Patcharin Chaisurin,&nbsp;Weeraporn Suthakorn,&nbsp;Kunlayanee Tantranon,&nbsp;Anon Wisutthananon","doi":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shaw.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Informal wood furniture workers face various occupational health and safety risks that may impact their health and quality of life (QOL). Improving health literacy (HL) could help mitigate these risks. This study aims to assess HL levels and their relationship to QOL among this group in Thailand.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 and involved 175 informal wood furniture workers employed in Ban Ma, Lamphun province, Thailand. Data collection instruments comprised the Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire (TOHLS-IF) and a questionnaire assessing informal workers' QOL. Analysis encompassed descriptive statistics alongside partial correlation analysis (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Respondents demonstrated high overall health literacy (2.34 ± 0.45). Considering eight dimensions of QOL in the sample, some variables, such as insufficient income, debt, and underlying disease, were prevalent at high percentages and seemed to diminish workers' QOL. After adjustment for gender, age, level of education, and work experience, most QOL dimensions correlated positively with workers' HL levels (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05); significant variables included career goal setting (<em>r</em>s = 0.27, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), conflicts in workplace (<em>r</em>s = 0.20, <em>p</em> = 0.009), environmental satisfaction (<em>r</em>s = 0.41, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), readiness to use internet (<em>r</em>s = 0.28, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and applications (<em>r</em>s = 0.29, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), coworker's respect (<em>r</em>s = 0.15, <em>p</em> = 0.003), and goal setting to advance career (<em>r</em>s = 0.28, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). No significant relationship was observed between prevalent QOL-diminishing factors and health literacy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The observed link between HL levels and multiple dimensions of QOL among informal wood furniture workers underscores the need for targeted interventions. Policymakers and social initiatives should focus on promoting health literacy and relevant skills to enhance QOL within this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56149,"journal":{"name":"Safety and Health at Work","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}