Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101133
Abdulqadir J. Nashwan , Ibraheem M. Alkhawaldeh , Nour Shaheen , Ibrahem Albalkhi , Ibrahim Serag , Khalid Sarhan , Ahmad A. Abujaber , Alaa Abd-Alrazaq , Mohamed A. Yassin
{"title":"Using artificial intelligence to improve body iron quantification: A scoping review","authors":"Abdulqadir J. Nashwan , Ibraheem M. Alkhawaldeh , Nour Shaheen , Ibrahem Albalkhi , Ibrahim Serag , Khalid Sarhan , Ahmad A. Abujaber , Alaa Abd-Alrazaq , Mohamed A. Yassin","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This scoping review explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing the screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of disorders related to body iron levels. A systematic search was performed to identify studies that utilize machine learning in iron-related disorders. The search revealed a wide range of machine learning algorithms used by different studies. Notably, most studies used a single data type. The studies varied in terms of sample sizes, participant ages, and geographical locations. AI's role in quantifying iron concentration is still in its early stages, yet its potential is significant. The question is whether AI-based diagnostic biomarkers can offer innovative approaches for screening, diagnosing, and monitoring of iron overload and anemia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0268960X23000942/pdfft?md5=d1aa59a1ac0d1524c1ccb1e865d7ec78&pid=1-s2.0-S0268960X23000942-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41124056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2022.101035
Zheng-Li Xu, Xiao-Jun Huang
{"title":"Haploidentical transplants with a G-CSF/ATG-based protocol: Experience from China","authors":"Zheng-Li Xu, Xiao-Jun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2022.101035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2022.101035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Haploidentical donor stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) has made great advances in recent decades. The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)- and </span>antithymocyte globulin<span> (ATG)-based protocol, which is known as the Beijing Protocol, represents one of the current T-cell repletion strategies in haplo-SCT. The key elements of the Beijing Protocol for graft versus host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis include G-CSF inducing T-cell tolerance and altering graft cell components, as well as ATG administration exerting an immunoregulatory effect for intensive prophylaxis. This review will summarize the GvHD incidence, the underlying novel mechanism for GvHD prophylaxis, how to optimize GvHD prophylaxis, and the recent advances of the Beijing Protocol, mainly focusing on the issues of GvHD.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40714092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101103
Myrthe J. van Dijk , Jonathan R.A. de Wilde , Marije Bartels , Kevin H.M. Kuo , Andreas Glenthøj , Minke A.E. Rab , Eduard J. van Beers , Richard van Wijk
{"title":"Activation of pyruvate kinase as therapeutic option for rare hemolytic anemias: Shedding new light on an old enzyme","authors":"Myrthe J. van Dijk , Jonathan R.A. de Wilde , Marije Bartels , Kevin H.M. Kuo , Andreas Glenthøj , Minke A.E. Rab , Eduard J. van Beers , Richard van Wijk","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Novel developments in therapies for various hereditary hemolytic anemias reflect the pivotal role of pyruvate kinase (PK), a key enzyme of glycolysis, in red blood cell (RBC) health. Without PK catalyzing one of the final steps of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway, there is no net yield of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during glycolysis, the sole source of energy production required for proper RBC function and survival. In hereditary hemolytic anemias, RBC health is compromised and therefore lifespan is shortened. Although our knowledge on glycolysis in general and PK function in particular is solid, recent advances in genetic, molecular, biochemical, and metabolic aspects of hereditary anemias have improved our understanding of these diseases. These advances provide a rationale for targeting PK as therapeutic option in hereditary hemolytic anemias other than PK deficiency. This review summarizes the knowledge, rationale, (pre)clinical trials, and future advances of PK activators for this important group of rare diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10003901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101114
Allison Mo , Matthew Poynton , Erica Wood , Jake Shortt , Susan J. Brunskill , Carolyn Doree , Josie Sandercock , Nicholas Saadah , Edwin Luk , Simon J. Stanworth , Zoe McQuilten
{"title":"Do anemia treatments improve quality of life and physical function in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)? A systematic review","authors":"Allison Mo , Matthew Poynton , Erica Wood , Jake Shortt , Susan J. Brunskill , Carolyn Doree , Josie Sandercock , Nicholas Saadah , Edwin Luk , Simon J. Stanworth , Zoe McQuilten","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anemia is common in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS). Different anemia treatments have been tested in clinical studies, but the full impact on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and physical function is unknown. The main aim of this review was to assess whether improvements in anemia are associated with changes in HRQoL/physical function.</p><p>Twenty-six full-text publications were identified, enrolling 2211 patients: nine randomized trials (RCTs), fourteen non-randomized studies of interventions and three cross-sectional studies. Interventions included: growth factors/erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (<em>n</em> = 14), red cell transfusion (<em>n</em> = 9), erythroid maturation agents (n = 1), or a combination (<em>n</em> = 2). Five RCTs reported no changes in HRQoL despite erythroid response to the intervention, raising the question of whether anemia treatment alone can effectively improve HRQoL. Many studies were considered at high risk of bias for assessing HRQoL. There is a pressing need for future clinical trials to better define the nature of the relationship between anemia and HRQoL/functional outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10007256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101113
Yevgen Chornenkyy , Takayuki Yamamoto , Hidetaka Hara , Sean R. Stowell , Ionita Ghiran , Simon C. Robson , David K.C. Cooper
{"title":"Future prospects for the clinical transfusion of pig red blood cells","authors":"Yevgen Chornenkyy , Takayuki Yamamoto , Hidetaka Hara , Sean R. Stowell , Ionita Ghiran , Simon C. Robson , David K.C. Cooper","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Transfusion of allogeneic human red blood cell (hRBCs) is limited by supply and compatibility between individual donors and recipients. In situations where the </span>blood supply<span><span> is constrained or when no compatible RBCs are available, patients suffer. As a result, alternatives to hRBCs that complement existing RBC transfusion strategies are needed. Pig RBCs (pRBCs) could provide an alternative because of their abundant supply, and functional similarities to hRBCs. The ability to genetically modify pigs to limit pRBC immunogenicity and augment expression of human ‘protective’ proteins has provided major boosts to this research and opens up new therapeutic avenues. Although deletion of expression of xenoantigens has been achieved in genetically-engineered pigs, novel </span>genetic methods are needed to introduce human ‘protective’ transgenes into pRBCs at the high levels required to prevent hemolysis and extend RBC survival in vivo. This review addresses recent progress and examines future prospects for clinical xenogeneic pRBC transfusion.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10119900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101101
Jeffrey Lantz , Craig A. Portell , Emily C. Ayers
{"title":"Central nervous system prophylaxis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: What does the evidence tell us?","authors":"Jeffrey Lantz , Craig A. Portell , Emily C. Ayers","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Secondary involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) by diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a rare yet often catastrophic event for DLBCL patients. As standard first-line therapy for DLBCL with </span>rituximab<span><span><span>, cyclophosphamide, </span>doxorubicin<span><span>, vincristine<span>, and prednisone (R-CHOP) does not cross the blood-brain barrier, one approach to lessen the risk of CNS relapse has been to include additional agents, primarily </span></span>methotrexate, directed at the CNS with standard R-CHOP although the timing, dose, and mode of administration differs widely across treating physicians. This practice derives from decades of non-randomized, often retrospective data with inconsistent outcomes. The current available tools and risk models are imprecise in their ability to predict which patients are truly at risk of secondary CNS relapse and more recent, large-scale real-world analyses call into question these longstanding practices. In a field lacking any prospective, randomized studies, this review synthesizes the available data investigating the utility of CNS prophylaxis </span></span>in patients with DLBCL receiving 1st line therapy.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9985826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101112
Tomás José González-López , Drew Provan , Abelardo Bárez , Angel Bernardo-Gutiérrez , Silvia Bernat , Daniel Martínez-Carballeira , Isidro Jarque-Ramos , Inmaculada Soto , Reyes Jiménez-Bárcenas , Fernando Fernández-Fuertes
{"title":"Primary and secondary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP): Time for a rethink","authors":"Tomás José González-López , Drew Provan , Abelardo Bárez , Angel Bernardo-Gutiérrez , Silvia Bernat , Daniel Martínez-Carballeira , Isidro Jarque-Ramos , Inmaculada Soto , Reyes Jiménez-Bárcenas , Fernando Fernández-Fuertes","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There are not many publications that provide a holistic view of the management of primary and secondary ITP<span> as a whole, reflecting the similarities and differences between the two. Given the lack of major clinical trials<span>, we believe that comprehensive reviews are much needed to guide the diagnosis and treatment of ITP today. Therefore, our review addresses the contemporary diagnosis and treatment of ITP in adult patients. With respect to primary ITP we especially focus on establishing the management of ITP based on the different and successive lines of treatment. Life-threatening situations, “bridge therapy” to surgery or invasive procedures and refractory ITP are also comprehensively reviewed here. Secondary ITP is studied according to its pathogenesis by establishing three major differential groups: Immune Thrombocytopenia due to Central Defects, Immune Thrombocytopenia due to Blocked Differentiation and Immune Thrombocytopenia due to Defective Peripheral Immune Response. Here we provide an up-to-date snapshot of the current diagnosis and treatment of ITP, including a special interest in addressing rare causes of this disease in our daily clinical practice. The target population of this review is adult patients only and the target audience is medical professionals.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10006747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in sickle disease","authors":"Ahmed Adel Elsabagh , Mohamed Elhadary , Basel Elsayed , Amgad Mohamed Elshoeibi , Khaled Ferih , Rasha Kaddoura , Salam Alkindi , Awni Alshurafa , Mona Alrasheed , Abdullah Alzayed , Abdulrahman Al-Abdulmalek , Jaffer Abduljabber Altooq , Mohamed Yassin","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming an established arm in medical sciences and clinical practice in numerous medical fields. Its implications have been rising and are being widely used in research, diagnostics, and treatment options for many pathologies, including sickle cell disease (SCD). AI has started new ways to improve risk stratification and diagnosing SCD complications early, allowing rapid intervention and reallocation of resources to high-risk patients. We reviewed the literature for established and new AI applications that may enhance management of SCD through advancements in diagnosing SCD and its complications, risk stratification, and the effect of AI in establishing an individualized approach in managing SCD patients in the future. <strong>Aim</strong>: to review the benefits and drawbacks of resources utilizing AI in clinical practice for improving the management for SCD cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9986315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101099
Swetha Kambhampati , Geoffrey Shouse , Alexey V. Danilov
{"title":"Thinking “outside the germinal center”: Re-educating T cells to combat follicular lymphoma","authors":"Swetha Kambhampati , Geoffrey Shouse , Alexey V. Danilov","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>There have been significant advancements in the management of follicular lymphoma<span><span> (FL), the most common indolent lymphoma. These include immunomodulatory agents such as lenalidomide, </span>epigenetic<span> modifiers (tazemetostat), and phosphoinotiside-3 kinase inhibitors<span> (copanlisib). The focus of this review is T cell-engager therapies, namely </span></span></span></span>chimeric antigen receptor<span> (CAR) T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies, have recently transformed the treatment landscape of FL. Two CAR </span></span>T cell<span><span><span> products, axicabtagene ciloleucel<span> (axi-cel) and tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel), and one bispecific antibody, </span></span>mosunetuzumab, recently received FDA approvals in FL. Several other new immune effector </span>drugs are being evaluated and will expand the treatment armamentarium. This review focuses on CAR T-cell and bispecific antibody therapies, details their safety and efficacy and considers their evolving role in the current treatment landscape of FL.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10116849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proteasome inhibition in combination with immunotherapies: State-of-the-Art in multiple myeloma","authors":"David Kegyes , Diana Gulei , Rares Drula , Diana Cenariu , Bogdan Tigu , Delia Dima , Alina Tanase , Sorina Badelita , Anca-Dana Buzoianu , Stefan Ciurea , Gabriel Ghiaur , Evangelos Terpos , Aaron Ciechanover , Hermann Einsele , Ciprian Tomuleasa","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2023.101100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disorder accounting for around 1.8% of all neoplastic diseases. Nowadays, clinicians have a broad arsenal of </span>drugs<span><span><span><span><span> at their disposal for the treatment<span> of MM, such as proteasome inhibitors, </span></span>immunomodulatory drugs<span>, monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, CAR T-cell therapies and antibody-drug conjugates. In this paper we briefly highlight essential clinical elements relating to proteasome inhibitors, such as </span></span>bortezomib<span>, carfilzomib and </span></span>ixazomib<span><span>. Studies suggest that the early use of immunotherapy<span> may improve outcomes significantly. Therefore, in our review we specifically focus on the combination therapy of proteasome inhibitors with novel immunotherapies and/or transplant. A high number of patients develop PI resistance. Thus, we also review new generation PIs, such as marizomib, </span></span>oprozomib (ONX0912) and </span></span>delanzomib (CEP-18770) and their combinations with immunotherapies.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10000979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}