Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101286
C C Astigarraga, Klauberg Mpms, L Iovino, F Milano
{"title":"Haploidentical transplantation: An optimal platform for graft manipulation and cellular therapies.","authors":"C C Astigarraga, Klauberg Mpms, L Iovino, F Milano","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) remains a curative therapeutic option for patients with high-risk hematologic malignancies. When a fully matched donor is unavailable, haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HCT) provides a viable alternative. Over time, haplo-HCT procedures have significantly evolved, improving outcomes in treatment related mortality (TRM), especially in graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). However, challenges such as delayed immune reconstitution and disease relapse persist. Advances in in vivo graft manipulation techniques, such as post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) and ex vivo approaches, including TCRα/β and CD19 depletion, have shown promise in reducing the risk of severe GvHD without increasing the relapse rates. Innovative strategies, such as haploidentical donor lymphocyte infusions, \"suicide-switch\" mechanisms, ORCA-Q product infusions, and CAR based therapies offer potential to further optimize outcomes. This review examines the graft manipulation modalities in the haplo-HCT setting, highlighting their role in advancing cellular therapies and providing new hope in the fight against life-threatening diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101286"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101285
Gaël Vermeersch, Mieke Gouwy, Paul Proost, Sofie Struyf, Timothy Devos
{"title":"Neutrophils in BCR::ABL1 negative MPN: Contributors or bystanders of fibrosis?","authors":"Gaël Vermeersch, Mieke Gouwy, Paul Proost, Sofie Struyf, Timothy Devos","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BCR::ABL1 negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a heterogenous group of disorders characterized by clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) within the bone marrow. Although the identification of somatic key driver mutations significantly increased both understanding and diagnostic accuracy of MPNs, many questions about the exact pathophysiology remain unanswered. Increased neutrophil count at diagnosis is a well-recognized predictor of worse disease evolution and survival, nonetheless the exact role of neutrophilic granulocytes within MPN pathophysiology is almost unexplored. As the majority of these cells are residing within the bone marrow, they represent a non-negligible entity within the bone marrow niche and its homeostasis. This review describes how neutrophils might contribute to the development of the inflammatory bone marrow niche, and hereby also fibrosis, associated with MPNs. The versatile functions and effects in different contexts emphasize the necessity for future research oriented to bone marrow in addition to peripheral blood.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101285"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101284
Ailie Ross, Donna Rudd, Joel Wight
{"title":"Low flow: Selecting a limited flow cytometry panel where resources are constrained.","authors":"Ailie Ross, Donna Rudd, Joel Wight","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diagnosis and treatment of patients with haematological malignancies (HM) is hampered by access to pathology services in resource-limited settings (RLS). Internationally accepted guidelines and diagnostic criteria for HM require access to sophisticated analysis including comprehensive flow cytometry (FCM) for minimum essential diagnosis and treatment, which is technically challenging in RLS. This review will define these shortcomings and examine the use of limited FCM panels in RLS. While a consensus guideline exists for a limited chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) FCM panel, this has yet to be validated in a large cohort. Currently, there are no consensus-based and resource-stratified diagnostic protocols defining limited FCM panels for the diagnosis of acute leukaemia where resources are limited. There is an unmet need for such guidelines, supported by evidence, for the diagnosis of the most common HM. This systematic review defines consensus-based limited FCM panels from the literature that may be used in the interim.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101284"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2025-03-08DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101282
Rozeta Sokou, Eleni A Gounari, Andreas G Tsantes, Daniele Piovani, Stefanos Bonovas, Argirios E Tsantes, Nicoletta Iacovidou
{"title":"Bridging the evidence-to-practice gap: Advancing neonatal blood transfusion. A narrative review of recent guidelines.","authors":"Rozeta Sokou, Eleni A Gounari, Andreas G Tsantes, Daniele Piovani, Stefanos Bonovas, Argirios E Tsantes, Nicoletta Iacovidou","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonates represent a distinct population within the context of transfusion medicine. Blood transfusions in neonates are vital interventions for multiple conditions, despite their inherent risks and potential complications. Differences in physiology and other transfusion risk factors unique to this group require careful adaptation of transfusion guidelines. This article seeks to offer a thorough overview of the current evidence-based practices for RBC administration in neonates. It covers the collection, processing and storage of RBCs and discusses the research underpinning the most recent transfusion guidelines. Furthermore, it emphasizes the challenges in establishing precise cut-off values for these conditions in both preterm and critically ill neonates and discusses indications for transfusion, thresholds, current guidelines, and potential complications. Finally, it highlights gaps in critical areas of transfusion related research and proposes future targets for research.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101282"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2025-03-07DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101283
Nishaka William, Jason P Acker
{"title":"Innovations in red blood cell preservation.","authors":"Nishaka William, Jason P Acker","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global infrastructure supporting nearly 100 million transfusions annually relies on the ability to store red cell concentrates (RCCs) for up to 42 days at hypothermic temperatures or indefinitely at low sub-zero temperatures. While these methods are generally effective, there is both an opportunity and, in specific settings, a need to refine storage techniques that have remained largely unchanged since the 1980s. Recent research has identified ways to address limitations that were not fully understood when these methods were first implemented in blood banks, with much of it focusing on modifying conventional storage strategies, while some studies explore alternative approaches. In this review, we explore the current state of RBC preservation and the future prospects for advancing both short- and long-term storage strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101283"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2025-02-20DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101273
Xin Liu, Yufan Lin, Qiqi Zhuang, Haoren Deng, Aichun Liu, Jie Sun
{"title":"BTK inhibitors resistance in B cell malignancies: Mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies.","authors":"Xin Liu, Yufan Lin, Qiqi Zhuang, Haoren Deng, Aichun Liu, Jie Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) have shown prominent clinical efficacy in patients with B cell malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Nevertheless, numerous factors contribute to BTKi resistance, encompassing genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations, dysregulation of protein expression, tumor microenvironment, and metabolic reprogramming. Accordingly, potential therapeutic strategies have been explored to surmount BTKi resistance, including noncovalent BTKi, BTK proteolysis-targeting chimeras, and combination therapies. Herein, we summarize the mechanisms responsible for BTKi resistance as well as the current preclinical and clinical strategies to address BTKi resistance in B cell malignancies treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101273"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101272
Simona Pagliuca, Florent Malard, Jarl E Mooyaart, Michael Daskalakis, Ludovic Gabellier, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Ron Ram, Caroline Besley, Edouard Forcade, Vladan Vucinic, Lucía López Corral, Jan Vydra, Bastian von Tresckow, Paula Amat, Persis Amrolia, Peter Vandenberghe, Friedrich Stölzel, Simona Sica, Marie Thérèse Rubio, Jorinde D Hoogenboom, Valentín Ortiz-Maldonado, Arnon Nagler, Jürgen Kuball, Christian Chabannon, Annalisa Ruggeri
{"title":"The landscape of immune monitoring in CAR-T cell therapy: A comprehensive review and survey study by the Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party of the EBMT.","authors":"Simona Pagliuca, Florent Malard, Jarl E Mooyaart, Michael Daskalakis, Ludovic Gabellier, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Ron Ram, Caroline Besley, Edouard Forcade, Vladan Vucinic, Lucía López Corral, Jan Vydra, Bastian von Tresckow, Paula Amat, Persis Amrolia, Peter Vandenberghe, Friedrich Stölzel, Simona Sica, Marie Thérèse Rubio, Jorinde D Hoogenboom, Valentín Ortiz-Maldonado, Arnon Nagler, Jürgen Kuball, Christian Chabannon, Annalisa Ruggeri","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune monitoring of cell therapies is a complex and evolving topic, particularly in the rapid expanding field of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell applications. Defining essential, recommended, and optional immune monitoring data post-CAR-T cell infusion is crucial to improve patient outcomes and inform post-treatment decisions. To address this gap, we conducted a survey-based study across centers affiliated with the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT), focusing on patients treated with European Medicines Agency (EMA)-approved CAR-T products. Building on a thorough review of the literature, we mapped the current landscape of immune monitoring practices and assessed their impact on clinical management. By defining the state of the art in the field, this work marks an initial step towards a structured harmonization process potentially able to enhance the management and outcomes of patients undergoing these immune cell therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101272"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classic Hodgkin lymphoma: Pathobiological features that impact emerging therapies.","authors":"Mohamed Nazem Alibrahim, Annunziata Gloghini, Antonino Carbone","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is defined by distinctive Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, which are CD30+/CD15+ multinucleated tumor cells lacking typical B-cell markers. These cells comprise <5 % of tumor mass but orchestrate an extensive immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Classic HL was curable with radiation therapy and multi-agent chemotherapy. Despite high cure rates, treatment-related toxicities remain significant. The goals of multimodality therapy are to achieve a cure while minimizing treatment-associated toxicity. Advances in molecular insights into HRS cells have led to transformative therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates like brentuximab vedotin, which have shown remarkable efficacy, especially in relapsed or refractory disease. However, challenges persist due to the heterogeneity of cHL, driven by the complex biology of HRS cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment. Novel approaches such as single-cell RNA sequencing and circulating tumor DNA profiling provide promising strategies to address these challenges. This review examines the origin, morphology, phenotype, and genetic profiles of HRS cells, highlighting key pathobiological features, including biomarkers and Epstein-Barr Virus involvement. It also explores the biological mechanisms underlying HRS cell survival and evaluates standard and emerging therapies, offering insights into the rationale for novel treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101271"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood ReviewsPub Date : 2025-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2025.101270
Marc Sorigue, Milos Miljkovic, Pablo Mozas
{"title":"PET scan for the detection of histological transformation of follicular lymphoma: A systematic review of diagnostic performance.","authors":"Marc Sorigue, Milos Miljkovic, Pablo Mozas","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.blre.2025.101270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The strength of evidence supporting use of PET in the evaluation of suspected histological transformation (HT) of follicular lymphoma (FL) is unknown. We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting the diagnostic performance of ≥1 PET parameters for the detection of HT in patients with known FL. We searched PubMed for any study reporting ≥1 diagnostic performance metrics. Risk of bias was evaluated with the QUADAS2 tool. We included 7 studies encompassing 152 patients with a biopsy showing FL (or indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma) and 111 with a biopsy confirming HT. Study designs and study populations differed substantially. PET methods were poorly reported and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG dose was highly variable. Most studies were judged to be at high risk of bias in the patient and index test domains of QUADAS2. The diagnostic performance of 5 PET parameters were reported in at least one study but only SUVmax (n = 7) was reported in >2. Median SUVmax ranged from 9.2 to 10.9 in FL/iNHL and from 13.7 to 24.4 in HT. While SUVmax was consistently higher in the HT group, there was considerable overlap between the two groups and significant variability between studies. Area under the ROC curve for SUVmax to distinguish between FL/iNHL and HT ranged from 0.68 to 0.97. Sensitivity and specificity of the proposed cutoffs also varied widely (sensitivity ∼0.6 to 1, specificity ∼0.4 to 1). In conclusion, few studies - mostly small and potentially biased - have addressed this question. Although SUVmax is generally higher in HT than in FL, the diagnostic performance and optimal cutoffs remain unclear. Proposed SUVmax cutoffs should not be used to determine whether a patient has HT or to decide whether a biopsy should be obtained. For now, we encourage physicians to evaluate results of their own practice to devise a prudent workup of suspected.</p>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"101270"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BTKi-induced cardiovascular toxicity in CLL: Risk mitigation and management strategies","authors":"Sofija Kozarac , Vojin Vukovic , Michael Fradley , Darko Antic","doi":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.blre.2025.101268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Targeted therapies, consisting of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) or BCL-2 inhibitors, are the mainstay of contemporary treatments for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The most common adverse effects (AEs) of BTKis are fatigue, bruising, infection, hematological and cardiovascular AEs. While AEs during treatment are usually mild (grades 1 and 2), grade 3 and 4 AEs have been detected in some patients, necessitating additional medical care and temporary or permanent drug discontinuation. In this review, we analyzed the cardiovascular effects associated with BTKi therapy for CLL and the essential practical aspects of multidisciplinary management of patients who develop cardiovascular toxicity during treatment. We particularly focus on the data and strategies for controlling cardiovascular risks associated with ibrutinib and newer BTKis (acalabrutinib, zanubrutinib and pirtobrutinib), including the development of atrial fibrillation, hypertension, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden death, heart failure, bleeding, and ischemic complications (stroke and myocardial infarction). This review highlights hematological insights underlying cardiotoxicity, an area that has received limited attention in comparison to the predominantly cardiological perspective. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on hematological biomarkers, cardiotoxic mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions, linking hematology and cardiology to enhance understanding and guide comprehensive prevention and management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56139,"journal":{"name":"Blood Reviews","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 101268"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}