The Canadian Field-Naturalist最新文献_第7页

Territorial scent-marking and proestrus in a recolonizing wild Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) population in central Wisconsin 威斯康辛州中部重新定居的野生灰狼(Canis lupus)种群的领土气味标记和发情前

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2907

R. Thiel, Philip D. DeWitt

{"title":"Territorial scent-marking and proestrus in a recolonizing wild Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) population in central Wisconsin","authors":"R. Thiel, Philip D. DeWitt","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2907","url":null,"abstract":"Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) uses scent-marking to communicate breeding status, dominance, and territorial boundaries. Despite its importance for reproduction and pack dynamics, information on scent-marking and proestrus in wild wolf populations is limited to a handful of locations. We estimated the rate of territorial scent-marking and the probability of proestrus in a recolonizing Gray Wolf population near the species southern range extent in eastern North America. An analysis of 221 pack-winters of tracking data show that the incremental addition of one wolf pack increased marking rates by 3.4%, whereas increasing the number of wolves in a pack decreased marking rates by 12.1%. Scent-marking rates subsequently increased from 1.9 times/km during recolonization to 3.0 times/km once the population was saturated. We observed evidence of proestrus from 19 December to 14 March with the highest probability of proestrus occurring around 6 February, after peak marking rates around 26 January. Repeated observations of bloody urinations within individual packs suggest proestrus averages 27.9 days. Our study reveals the role of population growth on territorial behaviours and provides a foundation for studies exploring the role of geographic and temporal variation on territorial and reproductive behaviours in wolves.","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78168463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of grazing and conservation opportunities for nesting grassland birds in a community pasture 放牧和保护机会对社区牧场筑巢草地鸟类的影响

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2775

Andrew J. Campomizzi, Zoé M. Lebrun‐Southcott

{"title":"Impact of grazing and conservation opportunities for nesting grassland birds in a community pasture","authors":"Andrew J. Campomizzi, Zoé M. Lebrun‐Southcott","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2775","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple bird species-at-risk nest on the ground in hayfields and pastures, making nests susceptible to inadvertent destruction from agricultural activity (e.g., trampling by livestock). To better understand the impact of Domestic Cattle (Bos taurus) grazing, we assessed the distribution and breeding status of nesting grassland birds in 2019 and 2020 at the Grey Dufferin Community Pasture, a ~234 ha pasture in southern Ontario, Canada. We estimated there were 86 male Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) in the community pasture in 2019 and 100 in 2020 before grazing began; observed abundance decreased by 73% in fields after grazing in 2020. Eastern Meadowlark (Sturnella magna) maintained territories after grazing and fledged young in 67% (n = 21) of territories. Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) was common across the community pasture before and after grazing occurred. We detected evidence of nesting more frequently in Bobolink and Savannah Sparrow territories in ungrazed than in grazed fields. Our results support previous research indicating nesting Bobolink often disperse from moderately to heavily grazed fields, whereas Eastern Meadowlark and Savannah Sparrow largely remain and renest. Despite the inadvertent negative impacts of cattle stepping or laying on nests and consuming vegetative cover, the community pasture provides areas for successful nesting, with Eastern Meadowlark faring better than Bobolink. Flexibility in the timing and duration of grazing in rotational grazing systems may enable strategic management in target fields (e.g., maintaining enough vegetation for nesting Bobolink). Information about the distribution and abundance of birds can be used to target particular fields for conservation.","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85361615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"The Greatest Polar Expedition of All Time: the Arctic Mission to the Epicenter of Climate Change" by Markus Rex, translated by Sarah Pybus, 2022. [book review] 《有史以来最伟大的极地探险:前往气候变化中心的北极任务》，马库斯·雷克斯著，莎拉·皮布斯翻译，2022年出版。(书评)

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3161

W. Halliday

引用次数: 0

"Woman, Watching: Louise de Kiriline Lawrence and the Songbirds of Pimisi Bay" by Merilyn Simonds, 2022. [book review] 《观看的女人:路易丝·德·基里琳·劳伦斯和皮米西湾的鸣鸟》，作者:梅林·西蒙兹，2022年。(书评)

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3165

Cyndi M. Smith

引用次数: 0

Natural and human-made nesting habitat use by Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia) in Canada 加拿大滨燕(Riparia Riparia)的自然和人为筑巢栖息地

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2779

N. Pelletier, Janice E. Arndt, Rachel Darvill, M. Cyr

{"title":"Natural and human-made nesting habitat use by Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia) in Canada","authors":"N. Pelletier, Janice E. Arndt, Rachel Darvill, M. Cyr","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2779","url":null,"abstract":"Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia) is a Threatened migratory bird in Canada that nests colonially in burrows excavated in both human-made and natural banks. Until the mid-20th century, nest record cards reported 60% of Bank Swallows in Canada nested in human-made habitats. Here we provide an update on the proportion of Bank Swallow nesting colonies in natural and human-made habitats in Canada’s provinces and territories based on data from a variety of sources including breeding bird atlases and eBird. Bank Swallow nesting colonies reported from 2001 to 2017 throughout Canada indicate a reversal in the dominant type of habitat used for nesting, with a 56% probability that nesting occurrences are now found in natural habitats. We discuss possible mechanisms responsible for the apparent reversal and recommend that natural nesting habitat be formally protected and restored where it has been altered, especially where co-benefits include climate change resiliency. With the support of landowners and industry, active colonies in human-made habitats will likely make an important contribution to a resilient Bank Swallow population, the majority of which presently appears to nest in natural habitats across the country.","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73084917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Salmon Shark (Lamna ditropis) scratching behaviour using floating anthropogenic debris 鲑鱼鲨(Lamna ditropis)使用漂浮的人为碎片抓挠行为

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2949

C. Du Preez, H. Gartner, Joshua Watts, Lindsay Clark, Shelton Du Preez, T. Norgard

引用次数: 0

Cover 封面

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3173

Dwayne Lepitzki

引用次数: 0

"Applied Panarchy: Applications and Diffusion across Disciplines" edited by Lance H. Gunderson, Craig R. Allen, and Ahjond Garmestani. 2022. [book review] 《应用层系:跨学科的应用和扩散》，由Lance H. Gunderson、Craig R. Allen和Ahjond Garmestani编辑，2022。(书评)

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3169

B. Tegler

引用次数: 4

Range expansion of Fisher (Pekania pennanti) in Nova Scotia 新斯科舍Fisher (Pekania pennanti)的范围扩展

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2945

R. Milton, Lisa I. Doucette, George Williams, G. Forbes

引用次数: 0

A late Pleistocene Wood Turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) from Iowa, USA: response of the taxon to glaciation and formation of the current range 美国爱荷华州晚更新世木龟(Glyptemys insculpta):该分类群对冰川作用的反应及现今活动范围的形成

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2705

M. Hill

引用次数: 0