The Canadian Field-Naturalist最新文献_第6页

"Effective Conservation: Parks, Rewilding, and Local Development" by Ignacio Jiménez, 2022. [book review] 《有效保护:公园、野生动物回归和地方发展》，作者伊格纳西奥·吉米内斯，2022年。(书评)

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3159

Robin Collins

引用次数: 0

New Titles 新书

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3171

Jessica Sims

引用次数: 0

Tabusintac Bay (New Brunswick, Canada): an important spring migratory stopover for Atlantic Brant (Branta bernicla hrota) 塔布辛塔克湾(加拿大新不伦瑞克省):大西洋布兰特(布兰特)春季迁徙的重要中转站

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2923

M. LeBlanc, Alan Hanson, A. LaRocque, B. Leblon, M. Humphries

引用次数: 1

A fossil beech fern (cf. Phegopteris (C. Presl) Fée) from Driftwood Canyon Provincial Park, British Columbia 来自不列颠哥伦比亚省浮木峡谷省立公园的山毛榉蕨化石(参见:Phegopteris (C. Presl) f<s:1> e)

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3001

David Greenwood

引用次数: 0

Quantifying seeds egested by field-collected earthworms: a dynamic and overlooked pool in forest soil seed banks 田间蚯蚓排出的种子的量化:森林土壤种子库中一个动态的、被忽视的库

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2873

M. McTavish, Alexandra Rossi, R. Bourchier, Sandy M. Smith

{"title":"Quantifying seeds egested by field-collected earthworms: a dynamic and overlooked pool in forest soil seed banks","authors":"M. McTavish, Alexandra Rossi, R. Bourchier, Sandy M. Smith","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2873","url":null,"abstract":"Although awareness of the influence of earthworms on soil seed banks in Canadian forests is growing, there have been few direct field measurements. We used a novel pairing of field-collected earthworms from a central Great Lakes forest in Ontario with a laboratory seed egestion assay to obtain a snapshot of the number of seeds passing through earthworms compared with seeds found in the surrounding soil. We identified a pool of seeds egested by earthworms that accounted for 2.4% of all seeds found in the earthworms and the top 0–10 cm of soil. Individual earthworms contained 0–5 seeds. The large-bodied adult anecic non-native Dew Worm or Common Nightcrawler (Lumbricus terrestris) egested a disproportionate number of seeds for its abundance (50% of egested seeds from 17% of earthworms), but smaller earthworms were also an important source of egested seeds (the other 50%). This small-scale proof-of-concept study demonstrates a method of directly measuring earthworm–seed interactions in the field. It can also detect seeds egested by earthworms below ground that would otherwise be missed by other seed accounting methods and it highlights the importance of granivory by non-surface casting earthworms.","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81912124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Field Study: Meditations on a Year at the Herbarium" by Helen Humphreys, 2021. [book review] 《实地考察:在植物标本馆一年的沉思》，海伦·汉弗莱斯著，2021年。(书评)

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3157

Heather A. Cray

引用次数: 0

Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) consume free-ranging horses (Equus ferus caballus) on the Chilcotin plateau, British Columbia 在不列颠哥伦比亚省的Chilcotin高原上，灰狼(Canis lupus)吃掉了自由放养的马(Equus ferus caballus)

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2651

S. Parr, W. McCrory

{"title":"Gray Wolves (Canis lupus) consume free-ranging horses (Equus ferus caballus) on the Chilcotin plateau, British Columbia","authors":"S. Parr, W. McCrory","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2651","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed 122 Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) scats, collected at all seasons during 2013–2017, to determine what wolves were eating in two adjacent study areas of the Chilcotin region, British Columbia: Brittany Triangle and Nemiah Valley. Free-ranging horses (Equus ferus caballus), Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus), Moose (Alces americanus), and small mammals contributed to wolf diet throughout the year. In both study areas, horse appeared more frequently than other species in occurrence-per-faeces (OF) and occurrence-per-item (OI) analyses. Horse occurred in 58 of 97 wolf scats from Brittany (OF 59.8%, OI 52.7%), deer in 26 (OF 26.8%, OI 23.6%), small mammals in 17 (OF 17.5%, OI 17.3%), Moose in four (OF 4.1%, OI 3.6%), and bird and fish minimally (both OF <2.5%, OI <2.5%). The sample size in the more human-developed Nemiah Valley was too small to estimate reliable patterns, but results suggest a similar ranking of dietary items. Domestic Cattle (Bos taurus), available in both study areas, appeared infrequently (combined area OF <3.5%, OI <3.0%). Based on our scat findings, free-ranging horses were a regular dietary item for wolves in the area. Studies elsewhere have found that, where wolves and free-ranging horses are sympatric, a predator–prey relationship exists.","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89942232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conspecific nest attendance behaviour of Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) in response to Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) foraging activity: error or intent? 普通绒鸭(Somateria mollissima)对北极熊(Ursus maritimus)觅食活动的同巢出席行为:错误还是故意?

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2807

Cassandra Simone, Erica A. Geldart, C. Semeniuk, O. Love, G. Gilchrist, Andrew F. Barnas

{"title":"Conspecific nest attendance behaviour of Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) in response to Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) foraging activity: error or intent?","authors":"Cassandra Simone, Erica A. Geldart, C. Semeniuk, O. Love, G. Gilchrist, Andrew F. Barnas","doi":"10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v136i3.2807","url":null,"abstract":"Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) is a colonial nesting sea duck with extremely high nest attendance rates. Although individuals take few recess breaks away from their nest to feed or preen, previous research has shown that some female eiders in dense nesting assemblages engage in conspecific nest attendance, spending short amounts of time incubating nests of other females. However, to the best of our knowledge, most observations of these behaviours occur during regular recess events, as opposed to instances where females flush from their nest in response to a foraging predator. Using drone videography on East Bay Island, northern Hudson Bay, Nunavut, Canada, we observed conspecific nest attendance behaviours in 11 eiders that flushed in response to a foraging Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus). Of the 11 birds attending to other nests, only two predation events were observed at the focal bird’s nest (i.e., two attenders’ own nests were predated). Of the nine nests that were attended to, we also only observed two predation events. Motivations behind these behaviours are unclear, but conspecific nest attendance may serve as a type of distraction display, whereby activity at another female’s nest leads the predator away from the focal bird’s nest. However, given that, on East Bay Island, eiders are known to nest in proximity to kin, distraction displays at nests of related individuals would incur fitness costs. General confusion on nest location or the concealment of closely related eggs are more likely explanations for these behaviours.","PeriodicalId":56136,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Field-Naturalist","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85195780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A tribute to George William Argus, 1929–2022 向乔治·威廉·阿格斯致敬，1929-2022

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3125

I. Brodo, E. Haber

引用次数: 0

"Bats of British Columbia. Second Edition" by Cori L. Lausen, David W. Nagorsen, R. Mark Brigham, and Jared Hobbs, 2022. [book review]

The Canadian Field-Naturalist Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.22621/cfn.v136i3.3167

R. Lauff

引用次数: 0