Laurent Vigouroux , Ricardo Etxepare , Hugo Lepine , Benjamin Goislard de Monsabert , Aritz Irurtzun
{"title":"Development of EMG-based criteria to evaluate the difficulty of realization of sign language: A potential contribution for understanding the negative hand paintings","authors":"Laurent Vigouroux , Ricardo Etxepare , Hugo Lepine , Benjamin Goislard de Monsabert , Aritz Irurtzun","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sign language uses a combination of complex finger and wrist configurations. The frequency of use of a particular sign is highly dependent on its physiological difficulty. However, no method allows to quantify accurately this difficulty. In the context of paleolithic negative hand paintings this absence of methods is problematic since the hand signs which are painted may be related to a primitive hand sign language. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a method based on electromyography recordings for quantifying sign language difficulty. Electromyography of the six main hand muscles were recorded and analyzed to determine individual muscle activity, summed muscle activity and muscle coactivation. Those results were correlated to subjective scales of difficulties to determine the electromyographic variables and/or the combinations of them which are good candidates for determining hand sign difficulties. Among all variables the summed muscle activities and the thumb muscle coactivation presented the most promising criterion. On the top of that, those criterions presented encouraging correlation with the frequence of occurrence of ten hand paintings of the Gargas Cave which open further studies for analyzing the origin of negative hand paintings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102943"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of wrist and finger posture on finger independence","authors":"Kumara G. Somasundram, Peter J. Keir","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intended actions of one finger produce involuntary movement or force in other fingers. Mechanical and neural factors limit finger independence. The interplay between anatomical factors, wrist and finger postures, and finger independence remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of wrist and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) posture on involuntary finger forces and extensor digitorum (ED) activity. Twenty participants performed submaximal isometric finger extensions in three wrist positions (30° extension, neutral, and 30° flexion) and two MCP postures (straight and 90° flexion). Involuntary index finger force increased with MCP flexion, suggesting the importance of intertendinous connections in finger independence. Consistent with previous research, ED activity was generally higher in wrist extension than neutral and flexed postures. Understanding the role of passive properties within the hand may help us improve finger rehabilitation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing understanding: Back muscle strength and individual flexibility impact on the flexion-relaxation phenomenon in the lumbar erector spinae","authors":"Yi-Lang Chen , Wei-Cheng Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flexion-relaxation phenomenon (FRP) refers to the deactivation of back muscles during deep forward trunk bending. This study examined the effects of back muscle strength, individual flexibility, and trunk angle on FRP in the back muscles. Forty male participants were classified into four groups according to toe-touch flexibility and back muscle strength. Lumbar erector spinae (LES) activity and the lumbosacral angle (LSA) were measured at incremental trunk flexion angles (0°–90°, with increments of 15°) to analyze FRP. Results indicated significant effects of back muscle strength, flexibility, and trunk angle on LES activity (all <em>p</em> < 0.001). Flexibility (<em>p</em> < 0.05) and trunk angle (<em>p</em> < 0.001) also influenced LSA. Additionally, an interaction between flexibility and trunk angle impacted LES activation (<em>p</em> < 0.001). Flexibility mainly determined FRP onset, while back muscle strength influenced efforts during moderate trunk flexion (30°–60°). These findings indicate that differences in lower back load among individuals with varying back muscle strengths become apparent even at relatively small trunk flexion angles (approximately 30°). When prolonged static trunk flexion in workplace settings places considerable strain on the lower back, we recommend utilizing toe-touch flexibility and back muscle strength assessments as practical screening tools for identifying early and subtle indicators of the FRP in workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reliability of sEMG data of back muscles during static submaximal loading situations − Values and pitfalls","authors":"Lena Mader, Max Herzberg, Christoph Anders","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alterations of trunk muscle activity can be objectified using surface electromyography (sEMG). But for diagnostic purposes reliable reference values are needed. Therefore, the present study evaluated sEMG measurements of representative back muscles concerning their reliability.</div><div>For this purpose, 49 healthy individuals (24 women) were subjected to static loads with defined portions of their upper body weight by applying whole-body tilts up to 90° in upright posture. Reliability analyses were carried out for amplitude values and normalized values according 90° tilt angle. Reliability measures included intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEm), standard error of the mean (SEM), and coefficient of variation of method errors (CVME).</div><div>ICC values for the amplitude values were > 0.79 for M. multifidus (MF) and M. longissimus (LO). For the normalized values, distinctively lower ICC levels were generally detected (0.33–0.81). The values of SEm and SEM also increased with increasing load, while CVME levels of the amplitude values maintained similar levels.</div><div>For defined static extension loads, good to excellent reliability can be demonstrated for back muscles. The established normative values for SEm, SEM and CVME parameters may be used for diagnostic purposes during defined submaximal load situations. This does not apply to normalized data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acute and chronic effects of static stretching of different target muscles on shear elastic modulus: A narrative review","authors":"Taizan Fukaya , Katsuyuki Morishita , Yuka Yokoi , Kosuke Takeuchi , Masatoshi Nakamura","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the acute and chronic effects of static stretching on shear elastic modulus and assessed whether these effects could differ among various target muscles. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles published up to 2023, using the terms “stretch,” “stretching,” “static stretching,” “shear elastic modulus,” “shear modulus,” and “shear wave elastography.” Thirty-seven original studies measured the shear elastic modulus after stretching: 32 and five evaluated acute and chronic effects, respectively. Acute stretching significantly decreased the shear elastic modulus in various muscles as follows: infraspinatus and pectoralis minor (2/2 studies, 100 %); medial gastrocnemius (15/17 studies, 88.2 %); lateral gastrocnemius (4/6 studies, 66.7 %); semimembranosus and semitendinosus (4/5 studies, 80 %); biceps femoris (3/5 studies, 60 %); and rectus femoris (3/4 studies, 75 %). No significant changes were found in the soleus, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, teres minor, and posterior deltoid muscles, highlighting the variability in the effects of stretching on shear elastic modulus across different muscles. The difference in the effect depends on the stretching methods, including the position, duration, and intensity and position at which the shear elastic modulus is measured. Therefore, we should establish stretching methods for each muscle and investigate chronic effects on the shear elastic modulus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102939"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tutorial. Frequency analysis of the surface EMG signal: Best practices","authors":"Silvia Muceli , Roberto Merletti","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This tutorial is aimed primarily to non-engineers (clinical researchers, clinicians, neurophysiology technicians, ergonomists, movement and sport scientists, physical therapists) or beginners using, or planning to use, surface electromyography (sEMG) as a monitoring and assessment tool for muscle and neuromuscular evaluations in the prevention and rehabilitation fields.</div><div>Its first purpose is to explain, with minimal mathematics, basic concepts related to: (a) time and frequency domain description of a signal, (b) Fourier transform, (c) amplitude, phase, and power spectrum of a signal, (d) sampling of a signal, (e) filtering of sEMG signals, (f) cross-spectrum and coherence between two signals, (g) signal stationarity and criteria for epoch selection, (h) myoelectric manifestations of muscle fatigue and (i) fatigue indices. These concepts are consolidated knowledge and are addressed and discussed with examples taken from the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102937"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monica Albaladejo-Belmonte , Marta Tarazona-Motes , Francisco Jose Nohales-Alfonso , Maria De-Arriba , Jose Alberola-Rubio , Javier Garcia-Casado
{"title":"Pelvic floor muscle electrical coupling in chronic pelvic pain: Insights into pathophysiology and botulinum toxin treatment effects","authors":"Monica Albaladejo-Belmonte , Marta Tarazona-Motes , Francisco Jose Nohales-Alfonso , Maria De-Arriba , Jose Alberola-Rubio , Javier Garcia-Casado","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to assess the electrical coupling between both pelvic floor muscle (PFM) sides (two-sided coupling) and within individual PFM sides (one-sided coupling) in chronic pelvic pain (CPP) before and after botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) treatment. Surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals were recorded from the left and right PFM of 24 patients (P) with CPP before and after being treated with BoNT/A (Weeks 0,8,12,24). Recordings were also made in 24 healthy women (H). PFM two-sided and one-sided coupling was evaluated during contractions by the cross-correlation (<em>CC</em>) and the imaginary part of coherency (<em>iCOH</em>) of their sEMG signals. Significant differences between their values were assessed comparing P(0) vs. P(8,12,24) and H vs. P(0,8,12,24). This study showed that PFM two-sided coupling is similar across groups before treatment, while PFM one-sided coupling on the patients’ most painful side is deranged before and also after BoNT/A treatment: amplitude coupling is lower (<<em>CC</em>) and phase difference is greater (><em>iCOH</em>) than healthy women’s. This could be justified by altered neuromotor control strategies developed as an adaptation to muscle pain, structural and electrical changes in PFM, and alterations in their innervation pattern, which may influence the onset, perpetuation, or recurrence of CPP after treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102940"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of tongue-to-palate on deep neck flexor activity","authors":"Rebecca Sherwin , Janis Henricksen , Jeegisha Kapila , Lauren Adams , Aaron Likness , Troy L. Hooper , Phil Sizer","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep neck flexor (DNF) muscles contribute to cervical stability and proprioception. Reduced muscle strength and endurance lead to faulty movement patterns, muscle imbalances, and dysfunction. Potentially, the orofacial muscles contribute to cervical strength by providing stability through muscular connections. This study examined effects of tongue muscle activity on cervical spine muscular stiffness. Twenty-three healthy subjects assumed three supine positions [at rest (AR), chin tuck (CT), and head lift (HL)] with and without tongue-to-palate pressure. The DNF stiffness was measured using shear wave elastography. Without tongue-to-palate, stiffness increased with CT and HL compared to AR (<em>p</em> <0.001) but not between CT and HL (<em>p</em> = 0.22). Tongue-to-palate increased stiffness AR (<em>p</em> <0.001) but not during CT (<em>p</em> = 0.95) or HL (<em>p</em> = 0.67). Stiffness levels between the AR and HL conditions during tongue-to-palate performance did not differ (<em>p</em> = 0.734), but CT stiffness was significantly greater than AR (<em>p</em> = 0.029) with tongue-to-palate. Tongue-to-palate AR increases DNF stiffness to a similar level as HL with or without tongue-to-palate, while CT with or without tongue-to-palate resulted in the highest stiffness levels. Tongue-to-palate pressure AR or with CT performance may be alternatives to HL strengthening in healthy necks. This may be a useful strategy to increase cervical stability during loads on the cervical spine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katsumi Takeno , Christopher D. Ingersoll , Neal R. Glaviano , Sadik Khuder , Grant E. Norte
{"title":"Upper extremity neuromuscular function can distinguish between individuals with and without glenohumeral labral repair","authors":"Katsumi Takeno , Christopher D. Ingersoll , Neal R. Glaviano , Sadik Khuder , Grant E. Norte","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to determine whether common measures of neuromuscular function could distinguish injury status indicated by group membership (glenohumeral labral repair, uninjured controls). 16 individuals with glenohumeral labral repair (24.1 ± 5.0 years, 36.7 ± 33.3 months after surgery) and 14 uninjured controls (23.8 ± 2.7 years) volunteered. We measured mass-normalized shoulder abduction and wrist flexion maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque (Nm/kg), motoneuron pool excitability of the flexor carpi radialis (Hoffmann reflex), corticospinal excitability of the upper trapezius, middle deltoid, and flexor carpi radialis (active motor threshold [%]) bilaterally. Receiver operator characteristic curve analyses were performed to determine if each outcome could distinguish injury status along with their outcome thresholds. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the accuracy of classification for each outcome. Our results suggest shoulder abduction torque symmetry (≤95.5 %) and corticospinal excitability for the upper trapezius (≥41.0 %) demonstrated excellent diagnostic utility. Shoulder abduction torque (≤0.71 Nm/kg) and motoneuron pool excitability (≤0.23) demonstrated acceptable diagnostic utility. Shoulder abduction torque symmetry alone was the strongest indicator, and classified injury status with 90.0 % accuracy (<em>p</em> < 0.01). Overall, symmetric shoulder abduction strength most accurately distinguished individuals’ injury status, suggesting the utility of bilateral assessment in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Declan Price , Karen A. Ginn , Mark Halaki , Victor Kwasi , Darren Reed
{"title":"Do maximal isometric trunk tasks produce maximum activity in latissimus dorsi?","authors":"Declan Price , Karen A. Ginn , Mark Halaki , Victor Kwasi , Darren Reed","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Electromyography (EMG) studies investigating latissimus dorsi activity during trunk tasks have reported high activation levels and described latissimus dorsi as an important contributor to trunk movement and stability. However, the normalisation of EMG data in these studies is inconsistent with some normalising to shoulder tasks and a majority normalising to trunk tasks. Therefore, this study aimed to compare commonly used shoulder and trunk normalisation tasks to determine if trunk tasks produce maximum activity in latissimus dorsi.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ten asymptomatic participants completed maximal isometric trunk (extension, ipsilateral rotation and ipsilateral lateral flexion) and shoulder (extension and internal rotation) tasks while recording EMG signals from right latissimus dorsi using surface and indwelling electrodes. The signals were high-pass filtered, rectified then low-pass filtered to obtain an EMG linear envelope to represent muscle activity levels. The maximum activity levels across tasks were compared for each electrode type.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Shoulder extension elicited significantly higher (>1.5 times) latissimus dorsi activity levels when recorded using both surface and indwelling electrodes compared to other shoulder and trunk tasks.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Maximal isometric trunk tasks do not produce maximal latissimus dorsi activity and therefore when used for normalisation purposes potentially overestimate the contribution of latissimus dorsi to trunk tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}