Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of stabilizing feedback control of walking: A tutorial","authors":"Jaap H. van Dieën ,&nbsp;Sjoerd M. Bruijn ,&nbsp;Maarten Afschrift","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Walking without falling requires stabilization of the trajectory of the body center of mass relative to the base of support. Model studies suggest that this requires active, feedback control, i.e., the nervous system must process sensory information on the state of the body to generate descending motor commands to the muscles to stabilize walking, especially in the mediolateral direction. Stabilization of bipedal gait is challenging and can be impaired in older and diseased individuals. In this tutorial, we illustrate how gait analysis can be used to assess the stabilizing feedback control of gait. We present methods ranging from those that require limited input data (e.g. position data of markers placed on the feet and pelvis only) to those that require full-body kinematics and electromyography. Analyses range from simple kinematics analyses to inverse dynamics. These methods assess stabilizing feedback control of human walking at three levels: 1) the level of center of mass movement and horizontal ground reaction forces, 2) the level of center of mass movement and foot placement and 3) the level of center of mass movement and the joint moments or muscle activity. We show how these can be calculated and provide a GitHub repository (<span>https://github.com/VU-HMS/Tutorial-stabilizing-walking</span><svg><path></path></svg>) which contains open access Matlab and Python code to calculate these. Finally, we discuss what information on feedback control can be learned from each of these.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050641124000592/pdfft?md5=016bf7ad4ac804075bdcfc089e452804&pid=1-s2.0-S1050641124000592-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel technique to insert intramuscular electromyography electrodes into the deep intrinsic foot muscles via the dorsum of the foot","authors":"Natalie J. Collins ,&nbsp;Sauro E. Salomoni ,&nbsp;Edith L. Elgueta Cancino ,&nbsp;Kylie Tucker ,&nbsp;Paul W. Hodges","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to develop an insertion technique for intramuscular EMG recording of the oblique head of adductor hallucis (AddH) and first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles in humans via the dorsum of the foot, and report feasibility of intramuscular EMG data acquisition during walking in shoes. In eight individuals without musculoskeletal pain or injury (5 males; 32 ± 8 years), intramuscular electrodes were inserted into AddH (oblique head) and FDI through the right foot’s dorsum (between metatarsals I-II) with ultrasound guidance. The ultrasound transducer was positioned on the plantar surface. Intramuscular EMG was also recorded from abductor hallucis, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and peroneus longus. Participants performed six overground walking trials wearing modified shoes, and rated pain associated with the intramuscular electrodes during walking (numerical rating scale, 0–10). High-quality EMG recordings were obtained from intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles. Analyses of power spectral densities indicated that movement artefacts commonly observed during gait were removed by filtering. Pain associated with AddH/FDI electrodes during walking was low (median[IQR] 1[2]; range 0–4) and similar to other sites. Findings demonstrate that intramuscular EMG recording from AddH (oblique head) and FDI using this insertion technique is feasible and associated with minimal pain when walking in shoes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102914"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050641124000580/pdfft?md5=8b79922c25f379efb31ba38e194ad54a&pid=1-s2.0-S1050641124000580-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling cEMG-wet sEMG Correlation Dynamics: Investigating Influential Factors","authors":"Md. Sazzad Hossain ,&nbsp;Md. Johirul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Rezaul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electromyography (EMG) signal provides insight into neuromuscular activity which is used in medical and technological fields. Traditional needle electrodes and surface electrodes have several drawbacks making them less suitable for portable and long-term use. In contrast, emerging capacitive electrodes offer promising features over the existing electrodes. Yet, the full potential of capacitive electrodes remains untapped due to the lack of comprehensive design optimization for consistently reliable signal quality. This study highlights the complex interplay of factors influencing correlation in capacitive EMG (cEMG) and wet surface EMG (wet sEMG) signals. The study emphasizes the importance of the surface area of capacitive electrodes, muscle force, preprocessing, and sampling frequency in understanding and improving the correlation between cEMG and wet sEMG signals, providing valuable insights for future research and applications in the field. The study reveals that the electrode area has no significant effect on the correlation. However, the correlation significantly depends on the muscle force. In addition, removing artifacts from the cEMG signal increases the correlation, especially for lower force where artifacts are significant. Again, oversampling the EMG signal above 800 Hz does not have any impact on increasing the correlation but the correlation decreases with higher inter-electrode distance (IED). In this research, the highest correlation of 82.89% (normalized-91.62%) between cEMG and sEMG has been achieved for high muscle force with a plate area of 4 cm². Therefore, the capacitive electrode can be an alternative for EMG signal acquisition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"sEMG as complementary tool for VFSS: A synchronized study in patients with neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia","authors":"Laura V. Suarez-Patiño ,&nbsp;Sebastian Roldan-Vasco ,&nbsp;Juan Camilo Suarez-Escudero ,&nbsp;Andres Orozco-Duque ,&nbsp;Estefania Perez-Giraldo","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia is a prevalent functional swallowing disorder resulting from neurological causes. The conventional diagnosis involves ionizing radiation in Videofluoroscopy Swallowing Studies (VFSS). Surface electromyography (sEMG) offers a non-invasive alternative by recording muscle activity. This research compares bolus passage timing through anatomical structures using VFSS and sEMG-related activation times. Fifty confirmed oropharyngeal dysphagia patients underwent synchronized VFSS and sEMG, evaluating muscle groups during cracker and fluid ingestion. sEMG revealed activation patterns in masseters, suprahyoid, and infrahyoid muscles, occurring before bolus passage through the mandibular line and concluding near the upper esophageal sphincter complex. sEMG identified differences in dysphagia severity (EAT-10 score), age, and diagnosis, contrasting VFSS results. Results indicate potential complementarity between sEMG and VFSS for dysphagia screening, diagnosis, and monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative creep response of viscoelastic lumbar tissue as a function of work-rest schedule","authors":"Sang Hyeon Kang ,&nbsp;Gary A. Mirka","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We explore the effect of stress-recovery schedule on the cumulative creep response of lumbar tissues. Twelve participants performed a 48-minute protocol that consisted of 12 min of full trunk flexion and 36 min of upright standing. Two stress-recovery (work-rest) schedules were considered: a) three minutes of full trunk flexion followed by twelve minutes of upright standing (3:12), and b) one minute of full trunk flexion followed by four minutes of upright standing (1:4). Lumbar kinematics and EMG activity of erector spinae muscles were collected. Cumulative creep deformation was explored by considering the changes in peak lumbar flexion angles during full flexion and changes in the angles of flexion-relaxation (EMG-off) of the lumbar extensor musculature after the 48-minute protocol. The results of time-dependent lumbar flexion angle during full flexion revealed a noticeable creep response in both work-rest schedules, but the cumulative creep response was significantly greater in the 3:12 schedule (Δ3.5°) than in the 1:4 schedule (Δ1.6°). Similarly, the change in the EMG-off lumbar flexion angle in the 3:12 schedule was significantly greater than in the 1:4 schedule (Δ2.5° vs −Δ0.2°, respectively). These results indicate that the passive lumbar tissues recover their force producing capability more rapidly with shorter cycle times.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus for experimental design in electromyography (CEDE) project: Application of EMG to estimate muscle force","authors":"Taylor J. M. Dick ,&nbsp;Kylie Tucker ,&nbsp;François Hug ,&nbsp;Manuela Besomi ,&nbsp;Jaap H. van Dieën ,&nbsp;Roger M. Enoka ,&nbsp;Thor Besier ,&nbsp;Richard G. Carson ,&nbsp;Edward A. Clancy ,&nbsp;Catherine Disselhorst-Klug ,&nbsp;Deborah Falla ,&nbsp;Dario Farina ,&nbsp;Simon Gandevia ,&nbsp;Aleš Holobar ,&nbsp;Matthew C. Kiernan ,&nbsp;Madeleine Lowery ,&nbsp;Kevin McGill ,&nbsp;Roberto Merletti ,&nbsp;Eric Perreault ,&nbsp;John C. Rothwell ,&nbsp;Paul W. Hodges","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Skeletal muscles power movement. Deriving the forces produced by individual muscles has applications across various fields including biomechanics, robotics, and rehabilitation. Since direct <em>in vivo</em> measurement of muscle force in humans is invasive and challenging, its estimation through non-invasive methods such as electromyography (EMG) holds considerable appeal. This matrix, developed by the Consensus for Experimental Design in Electromyography (CEDE) project, summarizes recommendations on the use of EMG to estimate muscle force. The matrix encompasses the use of bipolar surface EMG, high density surface EMG, and intra-muscular EMG (1) to identify the onset of muscle force during isometric contractions, (2) to identify the offset of muscle force during isometric contractions, (3) to identify force fluctuations during isometric contractions, (4) to estimate force during dynamic contractions, and (5) in combination with musculoskeletal models to estimate force during dynamic contractions. For each application, recommendations on the appropriateness of using EMG to estimate force and justification for each recommendation are provided. The achieved consensus makes clear that there are limited scenarios in which EMG can be used to accurately estimate muscle forces. In most cases, it remains important to consider the activation as well as the muscle state and other biomechanical and physiological factors— such as in the context of a formal mechanical model. This matrix is intended to encourage interdisciplinary discussions regarding the integration of EMG with other experimental techniques and to promote advances in the application of EMG towards developing muscle models and musculoskeletal simulations that can accurately predict muscle forces in healthy and clinical populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141395633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent inward currents in tibialis anterior motoneurons can be reliably estimated within the same session","authors":"Thomas Lapole ,&nbsp;Ricardo N.O. Mesquita ,&nbsp;Stéphane Baudry ,&nbsp;Robin Souron ,&nbsp;Eleanor K. O’Brien ,&nbsp;Callum G. Brownstein ,&nbsp;Vianney Rozand","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The response of spinal motoneurons to synaptic input greatly depends on the activation of persistent inward currents (PICs), the contribution of which can be estimated through the paired motor unit technique. Yet, the intra-session test–retest reliability of this measurement remains to be fully established. Twenty males performed isometric triangular dorsiflexion contractions to 20 and 50 % of maximal torque at baseline and after a 15-min resting period. High-density electromyographic signals (HD-EMG) of the tibialis anterior were recorded with a 64-electrode matrix. HD-EMG signals were decomposed, and motor units tracked across time points to estimate the contribution of PICs to motoneuron firing through quantification of motor unit recruitment-derecruitment hysteresis (ΔF). A good intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.75 [0.63, 0.83]) and a large repeated measures correlation coefficient (r_rm = 0.65 [0.49, 0.77]; p &lt; 0.001) were found between ΔF values obtained at both time points for 20 % MVC ramps. For 50 % MVC ramps, a good ICC (0.77 [0.65, 0.85]) and a very large repeated measures correlation coefficient (r_rm = 0.73 [0.63, 0.80]; p &lt; 0.001) were observed. Our data suggest that ΔF scores can be reliably investigated in tibialis anterior motor units during both low- and moderate-intensity contractions within a single experimental session.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 102911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050641124000555/pdfft?md5=2f55835d681f866bbeab8e22254d00f1&pid=1-s2.0-S1050641124000555-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141328582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hamstrings-quadriceps strength ratio could be related to falls in community-living older adults","authors":"Feng Yang ,&nbsp;Caroline Simpkins ,&nbsp;Antoine R Trammell ,&nbsp;Aline S Pagnussat","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A prior study reported that the concentric strength imbalance between hamstrings and quadriceps is associated with falls in older adults. Given that the concentric strength may not be measured as conveniently as the isometric strength, it is meaningful to test whether the isometric hamstring-quadricep strength imbalance is related to falls among older adults. This study sought to explore whether the hamstrings-quadriceps ratio could differentiate fallers from non-fallers in community-dwelling older adults. One hundred and eleven older adults were included in this cross-sectional study. Their isometric knee joint strength capacity (extensors and flexors) was measured. Based on their fall history in the past year, they were classified as fallers (at least one fall) or non-fallers (no fall). The hamstrings-quadriceps ratio was compared between the faller and non-faller groups. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the cutoff value of the hamstrings-quadriceps ratio able to best classify fallers and non-fallers. Fallers showed a significantly lower hamstrings-quadriceps ratio than non-fallers (<em>p</em> = 0.008). The receiver operating characteristic analysis identified 0.733 as the best ratio to differentiate fallers from non-fallers with an accuracy of 64.0 %. A 0.1-unit reduction in the hamstrings-quadriceps ratio increases the probability of falling by a factor of 1.30. The hamstrings-quadriceps ratio could be used as an additional fall risk factor when assessing the risk of falls among older adults. A smaller than 0.733 hamstring-quadriceps ratio may indicate a high risk of falls.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141134861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength and activity of the protractor and retractor muscles of the asymptomatic dyskinetic scapula","authors":"Cédric Schwartz ,&nbsp;Camille Tooth ,&nbsp;Amandine Gofflot ,&nbsp;Géraldine Martens ,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Croisier ,&nbsp;Vincent Denoël ,&nbsp;Olivier Brüls ,&nbsp;Bénédicte Forthomme","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The role of scapular dyskinesis as a risk factor of shoulder injury has been largely discussed. However, most studies have focused on symptomatic patients and less is known on the asymptomatic dyskinetic scapula. Removing the confounding effects of the pathologies could contribute to better characterize the scapula dyskinesis. As muscle properties (strength, fatigue, nerve injury …) have been identified as causative factors of scapular dyskinesis, this study focuses specifically on characterizing the protractor and retractor muscles of the dyskinetic scapula. Thirteen asymptomatic dyskinetic volunteers were compared to eleven asymptomatic non-dyskinetic control volunteers. Muscle characteristics were evaluated in terms of maximal strength, fatigue resistance and electromyographic activity during a functional closed-chained task. The results did not identify kinematic or muscle activity significant differences between the dyskinetic and the control group even in fatigue conditions. However, the results demonstrated that protractors vs. retractors fatigue resistance ratios were imbalanced (&lt;0.8) in the dyskinetic group and significantly lower than in the non-dyskinetic one. Our study suggests that that strength imbalances are not necessarily related to the presence of pain at the shoulder joint. These results demonstrated the importance to complete the clinical assessments of the scapula with strength evaluations even for asymptomatic sport practitioners.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102899"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141130593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of acute hypoxic exposure on neuromuscular and hemodynamic responses during step intensity dynamic constant external resistance leg extension exercise","authors":"Cierra B. Ugale,&nbsp;Owen F. Salmon,&nbsp;Matt D. Segovia,&nbsp;Cory M. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jelekin.2024.102887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study examined the effects of acute normoxic and hypoxic exposure on neuromuscular and hemodynamic physiological responses performed during dynamic step muscle actions.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirteen recreationally active men (mean ± SD age: 21.2 ± 2.9 yrs) performed dynamic leg extensions unilaterally under Normoxic (FiO₂ = 21 %) and Hypoxic (FiO₂ = 13 %) conditions in a randomized order at 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 %, and 100 % of their maximal strength. Electromyographic (EMG) amplitude, EMG frequency, (Oxygenated and Deoxygenated hemoglobin; Oxy_Hb, Deoxy_Hb), Total hemoglobin (Total_Hb), and skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation status (StO₂) were measured from the vastus lateralis during all contractions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no detectable differences in the neuromuscular responses between normoxia and hypoxia for EMG amplitude (<em>p</em> = 0.37–0.74) and frequency (<em>p</em> = 0.17–0.83). For EMG amplitude there were general increases with intensity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01–0.03). EMG frequency remained similar from 20% to 80% and then increased at 100 % effort (<em>p</em> = 0.02). There was no significant difference in patterns of responses for Oxy_Hb (<em>p</em> = 0.870) and Total_Hb (<em>p</em> = 0.200) between normoxia and hypoxia. StO₂ (<em>p</em> = 0.028) decreased and Deoxy_Hb (<em>p</em> = 0.006) increased under hypoxia compared to normoxia during dynamic step muscle actions performed in a randomized order.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Unlike fatigue, acute hypoxemia in an unfatigued state does not impact the localized neuromuscular responses, but minimally impacts the hemodynamic responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56123,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}