Progress in Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Accuracy of lingual straight-wire orthodontic treatment with passive self-ligating brackets and square slot: a retrospective study.","authors":"Fabrizio Scisciola, Mario Palone, Giuseppe Scuzzo, Giacomo Scuzzo, Luis T Huanca Ghislanzoni, Luca Lombardo","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00482-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-023-00482-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the accuracy of torque, tip and rotation and linear intra-arch movements yielded by passive self-ligating lingual straight-wire appliances with brackets featuring square slots.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-five adult Caucasian patients (16 females and 9 males; mean age 26.5 ± 4.3 years) with Class I or mild Class II head-to-head malocclusion were orthodontically treated via passive lingual self-ligating straight-wire appliances (ALIAS, Ormco, Orange, CA) with no extraction. Records were retrospectively analysed, and digital models of pre-treatment (T0), planned (T1) and achieved (T2) phase were acquired for both arches in each patient via an intraoral scanner (Medit I500 (iScan Medit, Seoul, Korea). VAM software (Vectra, Canfield Scientific, Fairfield, NJ, USA) was used to measure both angular values (torque, tip and rotation) and linear intra-arch widths (between canines, first and second premolars and first and second molars). Measurements were obtained for all the movements investigated for each tooth group (incisors, canines, premolars and molars), by arch (maxillary and mandibular) and for both arches at T0, T1 and T2. The accuracy of angular values was compared using Student's t-test against a hypothetical 100%, and among the various tooth groups by post-hoc tests. Transverse linear measurements were investigated by means of the non-parametric Friedman test. The significance threshold was set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean accuracy of angular values was 77.25 ± 7.71% for torque, 78.41 ± 6.17% for tip and 77.99 ± 6.58% for rotation. In all cases, however, there was a significant difference between planned and achieved movements, and accuracy was significantly lower than the hypothetical 100% for all tooth groups, individual arches and dentition (p < 0.001). For intra-arch diameters, the greatest accuracy values were found for the anterior sectors (83.54 ± 5.19% for the maxillary inter-canine distance) and the lowest for the posterior sectors (67.28% for the maxillary inter-second molar distance).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Straight-wire lingual treatment with passive self-ligating appliances featuring with square slot displayed excellent clinical accuracy, albeit with statistical accuracy decreasing antero-posteriorly.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10505602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10654895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy among 12-year-old children and its association with craniofacial characteristics: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Kwan Lok Tse, Fabio Savoldi, Kar Yan Li, Colman P McGrath, Yanqi Yang, Min Gu","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00481-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-023-00481-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identifying the prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and craniofacial factors associated with this condition requires studies with random sampling from the general population, and multiple criteria can be used for assessing AH on lateral cephalometric radiograph (LCR). The present analysis represents the first report performed according to these requirements in a large cross-sectional sample of children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LCRs of 517 12-year-old children (286 males, 231 females) randomly selected from the general population were retrospectively retrieved. AH was defined using three criteria (At/Nd, Ad-Ba/PNS-Ba, 1-Npaa/Npa), and twelve craniofacial variables were measured (SNA, SNB, ANB, Wits, Cd-Gn, MnP^SN, MxP^MnP, TPFH/TAFH, OPT^SN, C2ps-C4pi^SN, H-CV, H-FH). Skeletal characteristics were compared between children with and without AH using Mann-Whitney U test. Binary logistic regression (adjusted for sex and skeletal growth) was used to independently quantify the association between craniofacial factors and AH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of children with AH was 17.6% (according to At/Nd), 19.0% (according to Ad-Ba/PNS-Ba), and 13.9% (according to 1-Npaa/Npa). Children with AH presented greater antero-posterior jaw discrepancy (larger ANB, smaller SNB), greater mandibular divergence (larger MnP^SN), forward head posture (larger OPT^SN and C2ps-C4pi^SN), and anteriorly positioned hyoid bone (larger H-CV). Larger SNA (OR = 1.39-1.48), while smaller SNB (OR = 0.77-0.88) and Wits (OR = 0.85-0.87), were associated with greater likelihood of having AH, independently from the assessment method used.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of children with AH ranged from 13.9 to 19.0% based on LCR. Greater antero-posterior maxillo-mandibular discrepancy and mandibular retrusion were independently associated with higher likelihood of having AH.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10493207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10223522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from M1 macrophages enhance rat midpalatal suture expansion by promoting initial bone turnover and inflammation.","authors":"Yi Liu, Yuan Zhong, Bowen Zheng, Yi Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00477-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-023-00477-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Midpalatal suture (MPS) expansion can be affected by many factors, and researchers have attempted to regulate the initial inflammatory stage of expansion to optimize clinical outcomes and their underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects and mechanisms of M1 macrophage small extracellular vesicles during rat MPS expansion.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>RAW264.7 cells were induced to M1 or M2 polarization and, small extracellular vesicles were isolated from the polarized macrophages. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (6-7 weeks) were administered 70 ± 5 g expansion force devices for 7 days. Rats with expanders without force served as controls. M1/M2 small extracellular vesicles were injected into the MPS region (50 µg/day) in the M1 and M2 small extracellular vesicle-assisted groups, while 0.9% saline was injected into the expansion-only group. Suture width, bone mass, and morphological changes in the region of interest (ROI) were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The M1 small extracellular vesicle-assisted group showed a significantly increased MPS suture width in vivo (P < 0.001), and less bone mass was observed in the ROI (P < 0.05). Histological examination showed that the M1 small extracellular vesicle-assisted group exhibited a wider palatal area and obvious fibrous tissue rearrangement. The expression of RANKL and the number of osteoclasts were increased (P < 0.01) in the bony edges, and the p65 protein expression was significantly higher (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>M1 macrophage-derived small extracellular vesicles have a positive effect in MPS expansion and increase p65 protein content and RANKL expression, thus promoting bone turnover. This study may contribute to the clinical application of small extracellular vesicles in the expansion of the palatal suture.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10475451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10163287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ridge mini-implants, a versatile biomechanical anchorage device whose success is significantly enhanced by splinting: a clinical report.","authors":"Sarah Abu Arqub,&nbsp;Renee Greene,&nbsp;Sara Greene,&nbsp;Kolbe Laing,&nbsp;Chia-Ling Kuo,&nbsp;Lucas Da Cunha Godoy,&nbsp;Flavio Uribe","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00480-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-023-00480-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This clinical report aims to highlight the factors affecting the clinical success of alveolar ridge mini-implants used for orthodontic anchorage and provide an overview of the biomechanical versatility of this miniscrew and steps involving the proper technique of its placement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this clinical report, charts for 295 patients who had temporary anchorage devices (TADs) were screened. Twenty patients [15 females and 5 males: mean age = 38.15 ± 15.10 years] with 50 alveolar ridge mini-screws were assessed. A descriptive summary of the main factors affecting their clinical success and the technique employed for their placement was comprehensively discussed and illustrated, in addition to the presentation of some clinical cases illustrating their potential clinical uses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survival duration (7.32 ± 9.01 months) and clinical success of the alveolar ridge mini-implants that failed (19/50) seem to be affected primarily by 2 factors: splinting; none of the splinted mini-implants failed (0/10) compared to (19/40) of the single mini-implants that failed, and the length of the used mini-implant; the average length of the mini-implants that did not fail was 9.23 mm. Additionally, it appears that these mini-implants are biomechanically robust and durable, those that did not fail had an average survival duration of 35.97 ± 19.79 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ridge mini-implants offer significant biomechanical versatility in patients with partially edentulous ridges needing complex pre-prosthetic orthodontic movements. The presence of splinting and the length of the used mini-implants are factors that might affect the clinical success of the alveolar ridge mini-implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10460761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10099766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between different levels of facial attractiveness and malocclusion perception: an eye tracking and survey study.","authors":"Merve Zorlu, Hasan Camcı","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00483-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-023-00483-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between levels of facial attractiveness and the perception of different types of malocclusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A preliminary questionnaire was used to assign photographs of three female patients to low, moderate, and high facial attractiveness designations. Seven modified photographs for each smile photograph of each of these three patients were created. The evaluated photographs were as follows: P0: at rest position, P1: ideal smile, P2: - 2-mm (low) smile line, P3: + 4-mm gummy smile, P4: + 6-mm gummy smile, P5: maxillary anterior crowding, P6: median diastema, P7: polydiastema. An eye tracking device and a questionnaire were used to collect data from orthodontists, dentists, orthodontic patients, and laypeople.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total fixation duration varied depending on the type of malocclusion, the level of facial attraction, and the participants' occupations. In general, orthodontists and dentists had higher total fixation duration scores than orthodontic patients and laypersons. The maxillary anterior crowding photograph had the lowest visual analysis scale score at each attractiveness level (low, medium, and high). Visual analysis scale scores became similar at each attractiveness level only in the P4 photographs, and thus the difference in facial attractiveness disappeared.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While a worsening of the ideal smile had a smaller impact on aesthetic perceptions in an individual with low facial attractiveness, it had a significant negative impact on a person with high facial attractiveness. Anterior crowding and diastema had a more negative impact on facial attractiveness than low or high smile lines.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10440334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10038831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging changes in maxillary anterior teeth in untreated individuals: an observational longitudinal study.","authors":"Gabriela Natsumeda,&nbsp;Felicia Miranda,&nbsp;Camila Massaro,&nbsp;José Roberto Pereira Lauris,&nbsp;Daniela Garib","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00478-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-023-00478-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aging of the occlusion and tooth wears influence the smile design This study aimed at evaluating the aging changes of maxillary anterior teeth in nontreated subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample comprised dental models of 23 subjects (13 male, 10 female) with normal occlusions, taken at 13 (T1), 17 (T2) and 61 (T3) years of age. The following variables were measured in the maxillary anterior teeth using digital dental models: crown width/height proportion, anterior view width, crown angulation, gingival and incisal steps between central/lateral incisors and central incisors/canines. Interphase comparisons were evaluated using repeated measures analysis of variance followed by Tukey tests or Friedman tests. Sexual differences were evaluated using t tests (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 13 to 61 years of age, a decrease of crown width/height proportion (P = 0.008 and P =  < 0.001, for the lateral incisor and canines, respectively) and mesiodistal angulation (P =  < 0.001, P = 0.001 and P = 0.025 for the central incisor, lateral incisor and canines, respectively) of the maxillary anterior teeth were observed. The steps of the gingival margin and the incisal steps decreased with aging.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From adolescence to late adulthood, untreated individuals with normal occlusions demonstrated changes in the maxillary anterior teeth that may impair the smile esthetics and attractiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10423712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does different vertical position of maxillary central incisors in women with different facial vertical height affect smile esthetics perception?","authors":"Ezgi Atik,&nbsp;Hilal Turkoglu","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00479-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-023-00479-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess the esthetic perceptions of orthodontists, prosthodontists and laypersons with regard to different vertical positions of the maxillary central incisors related to lateral incisors for different facial vertical height cases.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>Frontal full-face photographs showing social smiles of three adult women aged between 18 and 25 years were used. Vertical position of the maxillary central incisor was changed (intruded or extruded) with 0.5 mm increments according to the reference gingival line resulting five images for each woman in a full-face view yielding a total of 15 images. A visual analog scale was placed below each smile to allow the raters to evaluate the attractiveness of each smile independently. One-way analysis of variance was used to determine whether there was a difference between more than two independent groups in terms of quantitative variables. Comparisons of more than two dependent groups were examined with repeated measures one-way ANOVA. The significance level was taken as 0.05 for all analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For increased facial vertical height, the highest scores for orthodontists were given to the 0.5 mm extruded (64.18 ± 26.36), for prosthodontists to the control (57.28 ± 19.80), and for layperson to the 1 mm extruded (61.27 ± 25.98) central incisor position. For decreased facial vertical height, the highest scores were obtained at the 0.5 mm intrusion with an increasing pattern from orthodontists to laypersons (63.95 ± 22.08 for orthodontists, 79.87 ± 21.43 for prosthodontists, and 79.88 ± 19.17 for laypersons). All three rater groups gave the highest scores to the 0 mm (control) smile design for normal facial vertical height. When these scores were compared among the groups, laypersons gave significantly higher scores compared to orthodontists (p < 0.001) and prosthodontists (p = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The facial vertical height significantly affected the perception of smile esthetics. Keeping the distance between the central and lateral incisors longer than 1 mm in individuals with increased facial height may be important in terms of increasing patient satisfaction in terms of clinical aesthetics. On the contrary, keeping the distance between the central and lateral incisors shorter than 1 mm may create a more esthetically acceptable result in individuals with short facial height.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10404574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9950481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D occlusal changes of upper first molars after rapid maxillary expansion on permanent versus deciduous teeth: a retrospective multicenter CBCT study.","authors":"Marco Serafin,&nbsp;Rosamaria Fastuca,&nbsp;Piero Antonio Zecca,&nbsp;Manuel Lagravère,&nbsp;Alberto Caprioglio","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00476-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-023-00476-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the three-dimensional dental changes for the maxillary first molars and the overall skeletal effects achieved after expansion between the rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliance attached to two different anchor units, the maxillary deciduous molars and the maxillary permanent first molars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were retrospectively selected according to the anchorage unit used for RME: deciduous upper second molars (RME-E group; 10 M, 10 F; mean age 8.4 ± 1.1 years) and first upper permanent molars (RME-6 group; 10 M, 10 F; mean age 12.6 ± 1.8 years). CBCT scans were obtained before treatment start (T1) and after retention and removal of the expander (T2). Images were analyzed using a new three-dimensional intra-hemi-maxillary reference system. 3D landmarks were marked to calculate all changes on maxillary first permanent molars; mesio-distal and buccal-lingual inclination and rotation, as well as intermolar and interforaminal distances were calculated. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare within-group changes, whereas the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare between-group differences, with the significance level set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the RME-E group, significant distorotation and lingual inclination of the first permanent molars at T2 were observed (p < 0.01); in the RME-6 group, only the buccolingual inclination of the crossbite side after RME was resulted statistically significant (p < 0.01). In both groups, intermolar and interforaminal values increased significantly (p < 0.01). Intergroup analysis showed a significantly higher distorotation and reduced buccal inclination of maxillary first permanent molars in the RME-E group after RME (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RME is effective in treating maxillary transverse hypoplasia; RME anchored too deciduous teeth spontaneously reduces buccal inclination and increases distorotation of maxillary first permanent molars, whereas anchorage to permanent molars is associated with increased buccal inclination, albeit with little clinical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10387462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9924880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of molar teeth distalization by clear aligners on temporomandibular joint: a three-dimensional study.","authors":"Barakat Al-Tayar,&nbsp;Majedh A A Al-Somairi,&nbsp;Lina H ALshoaibi,&nbsp;Xiaoli Wang,&nbsp;Junbin Wang,&nbsp;Jiajie Liu,&nbsp;Baher Al-Tayar,&nbsp;Xiaoli An,&nbsp;Qingzong Si","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00474-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-023-00474-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maxillary molar distalization is a common technique used in the non-extraction treatment of Angle Class II malocclusion that can effectively correct the molar relationship and create spaces for anterior teeth alignment. However, this approach may also impact the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) due to predictable changes in the posterior vertical dimension. Despite its widespread use, Class II malocclusions correction by molar distalization with clear aligners has not been investigated for their effects on the TMJ. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the impact of sequential molar distalization using clear aligners on the TMJ.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three-dimensional CBCT scans of 23 non-growing patients (7 males, 16 females; mean age 29.8 ± 4.6 years) with skeletal class I or II malocclusion and a bilateral molar class II relationship treated by sequential upper molars distalization with orthodontic clear aligners (Invisalign, Align Technology, San Josè, Ca, USA). A total of 46 joints were examined before and after molar distalization using Anatomage InvivoDental 6.0.3. Linear and angular measurements of the mandibular joint were measured, including joint parameters, inclination, position, and the dimension of the condyle and articular fossa. In addition, 3D volumetric spaces of the joint were analyzed. All data were statistically analyzed by paired T test to determine the differences between the pre-and post-orthodontic procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were found in all primary effects resulting from maxillary molars distalization by clear aligners on TMJ components measurements and joint spaces between T0 and T1. Meanwhile, statistically significant differences were observed in the linear position of the upper molars and the molar relationship parameter with at least P ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment by sequential upper molars distalization with clear aligners does not lead to significant TMJ parameters changes in condyle and fossa spaces, dimensions, and positions.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10350446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9833116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forces and moments generated by 3D direct printed clear aligners of varying labial and lingual thicknesses during lingual movement of maxillary central incisor: an in vitro study.","authors":"James Grant,&nbsp;Patrick Foley,&nbsp;Brent Bankhead,&nbsp;Gabriel Miranda,&nbsp;Samar M Adel,&nbsp;Ki Beom Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40510-023-00475-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-023-00475-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to measure the forces and moments exerted by direct printed aligners (DPAs) with varying facial and lingual aligner surface thicknesses, in all three planes of space, during lingual movement of a maxillary central incisor.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An in vitro experimental setup was used to quantify forces and moments experienced by a programmed tooth to be moved and by adjacent anchor teeth, during lingual movement of a maxillary central incisor. DPAs were directly 3D-printed with Tera Harz TC-85 (Graphy Inc., Seoul, South Korea) clear photocurable resin in 100-µm layers. Three multi-axis sensors were used to measure the moments and forces generated by 0.50 mm thick DPAs modified with labial and lingual surface thicknesses of 1.00 mm in selective locations. The sensors were connected to three maxillary incisors (the upper left central, the upper right central, and the upper left lateral incisors) during 0.50 mm of programmed lingual bodily movement of the upper left central incisor. Moment-to-force ratios were calculated for all three incisors. Aligners were benchtop tested in a temperature-controlled chamber at intra-oral temperature to simulate intra-oral conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that increased facial thickness of DPAs slightly reduced force levels on the upper left central incisor compared to DPAs of uniform thickness of 0.50 mm. Additionally, increasing the lingual thickness of adjacent teeth reduced force and moment side effects on the adjacent teeth. DPAs can produce moment-to-force ratios indicative of controlled tipping.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Targeted increases in thickness of direct 3D-printed aligners change the magnitude of forces and moments generated, albeit in complex patterns that are difficult to predict. The ability to vary labiolingual thicknesses of DPAs is promising to optimize the prescribed orthodontic movements while minimizing unwanted tooth movements, thereby increasing the predictability of tooth movements.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"24 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10329968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10185395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}