Computer Assisted Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Is bony attachment necessary for dynamic reference frame in navigation-assisted minimally invasive lumbar spine fusion surgery?","authors":"Hsi-Hsien Lin, Yueh-Hsiu Lu, Po-Hsin Chou, Ming-Chau Chang, Shih-Tien Wang, Chien-Lin Liu","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1542028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1542028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to compare the accuracy of navigation-assisted percutaneous pedicle screw insertions between traditional posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) fixed and cutaneously fixed dynamic reference frame (DRF) in minimally invasive surgery of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS TLIF). This is a prospective randomized clinical study. Between May 2016 and Nov 2017, 100 patients who underwent MIS TLIF were randomly divided into bone fixed group (with PSIS fixed DRF) and skin fixed group (with cutaneously fixed DRF). The pedicel screws were inserted under navigational guidance using computed tomography (CT) data acquired intraoperatively with a Ziehm 3-dimensional fluoroscopy-based navigation system. Screw positions were immediately checked by a final intraoperative scan. The accuracy of screw placement was evaluated by a sophisticated computed tomography protocol. Both groups had similar patient demographics. Totally Five-hundred Twelve pedicle screws were placed in the lumbar spine. There were 2 moderate (2–4 mm) pedicle perforations in each group. The accuracy showed no significant difference between bone fixed and skin fixed DRF. There were no significant procedure-related complications. The skin fixed DRF provides similar accuracy in pedicle screw insertions with bone fixed DRF using intraoperative 3D image guided navigation in MIS TLIF. Skin fixed DRF not only serves as an alternative method but also saves a separate incision wound for bony attachment.","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1542028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47149134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of extracerebral layers on estimates of optical properties with continuous wave near infrared spectroscopy: analysis based on multi-layered brain tissue architecture and Monte Carlo simulation.","authors":"Yan Zhang, Xin Liu, Qisong Wang, Dan Liu, Chunling Yang, Jinwei Sun, P. Rolfe","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1560090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560090","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-NIRS) can be used to measure cerebral activity because it is noninvasive, simple and portable. However, the performance of the CW-NIRS is distorted by the presence of extracerebral layer. Change of optical parameters in gray matter layer will then be inappropriately converted into the brain activity response. In the current study, a five-layer structure model constitute of scalp, skull, cerebrospinal fluid, gray matter and white matter is adopted and the mixture of the Intralipid, India ink and agar is applied to fabricate human brain tissue. To simulate optical properties in deep layer due to the brain activity, the absorption coefficients of gray matter are increased by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% relative to the baseline. The NIRS measurement system was designed to detect the changes in the absorption coefficients of the gray matter and quantitatively analyse the influence of the extracerebral layers. Monte Carlo technique is performed to compensate partial volume effect (PVE) introduced by the extracerebral layers. The results of the in-vitro experiments show that the measured absorption coefficients are about 9% of the standard value and the relative error is about 91% due to the extracerebral layers. The influence of the extracerebral layers is suppressed by correcting PVE with Monte Carlo simulations and the average relative error is improved to only about 6% for the whole data set. Therefore, the measurement and analysis of the brain activity could be further strengthened if the anatomic structure of the head could be predicted with Monte Carlo method or other technologies.","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60126824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sensorless force-feedback system for robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery.","authors":"Baoliang Zhao, C. Nelson","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1560084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560084","url":null,"abstract":"The existing surgical robots for laparoscopic surgery offer no or limited force feedback, and there are many problems for the traditional sensor-based solutions. This paper builds a teleoperation surgical system and validates the effectiveness of sensorless force feedback. The tool-tissue interaction force at the surgical grasper tip is estimated using the driving motor's current, and fed back to the master robot with a position-force bilateral control algorithm. The stiffness differentiation experiment and tumor detection experiment were conducted. In the stiffness differentiation experiment, 43 out of 45 pairs of ranking relationships were identified correctly, yielding a success rate of 96%. In the tumor detection experiment, 4 out of 5 participants identified the correct tumor location with force feedback, yielding a success rate of 80%. The proposed sensorless force-feedback system for robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery can help surgeons regain tactile information and distinguish between the healthy and cancerous tissue.","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60126790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsupervised binocular depth prediction network for laparoscopic surgery.","authors":"Ke Xu, Zhiyong Chen, F. Jia","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1560082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560082","url":null,"abstract":"Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is characterized by less trauma, shorter recovery time, and lower postoperative infection rate. The two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopic imaging lacks depth perception and does not provide quantitative depth information, thereby limiting precise and complex surgical operations. Three-dimensional (3D) laparoscopic imaging provides surgeons depth perception. This study aims to 3D reconstruction of the surgical scene based on the disparity map generated by the depth estimation algorithm. An unsupervised learning autoencoder method was proposed to calculate the accurate disparity with a 101-layer residual convolutional network. The loss function included three parts: left-right consistency loss, structure similarity loss, and reconstruction error loss, the combination can improve reconstruction accuracy and robustness. The method was validated on a Hamlyn Center Laparoscopic/Endoscopic Video Dataset. The structural similarity index (SSIM) is 0.8349 ± 0.0523 and the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is 14.4957 ± 1.9676. The depth prediction network has high accuracy and robustness. The average time to produce each disparity map is about 16 ms. The experimental result shows that the proposed depth estimation method can offer dense disparity map, and can meet surgical real-time requirement. Future work will focus on network structure optimization and loss function design, transfer learning to improve the robustness and accuracy further.","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60126723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A non-contact interactive stereo display system for exploring human anatomy.","authors":"Ziteng Liu, Wenpeng Gao, Yu Sun, Yixian Su, Jiahua Zhu, Lubing Xu, Yili Fu","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1560083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560083","url":null,"abstract":"Stereoscopic display based on Virtual Reality (VR) can facilitate doctors to observe the 3 D virtual anatomical models with the depth cues, assist them in intuitively investigating the spatial relationship between different anatomical structures without mental imagination. However, there is few input device can be used in controlling the virtual anatomical models in the sterile operating room. This paper presents a cost-effective VR application system for demonstration of 3 D virtual anatomical models with non-contact interaction and stereo display. The system is integrated with hand gesture interaction and voice interaction to achieve non-contact interaction. Hand gesture interaction is implemented based on a Leap Motion controller mounted on the Oculus Rift DK2. Voice is converted into operation using Bing Speech for English language and Aitalk for Chinese language, respectively. A local relationship database is designed to record the anatomical terminologies to speech recognition engine to query these uncommon words. The hierarchical nature of these terminologies is also recorded in a tree structure. In the experiments, ten participants were asked to perform the evaluation on the proposed system. The results show that our system is more efficient than traditional interactive manner and verify the feasibility and practicability in the sterile operating room.","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60126779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally invasive surgical techniques for the therapy of far lateral disc herniation in middle-aged and elderly patients.","authors":"Weijian Ren, Yu Chen, Liangbi Xiang","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1560096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560096","url":null,"abstract":"To examine the clinical results of different minimally invasive techniques for the therapy of far lateral disc herniation in middle-aged and elderly patients. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, MIS-TLIF combined with contralateral translaminar screw and MIS-TLIF combined with bilateral pedicle screws were evaluated via a retrospective chart review. Data from 74 consecutive middle-aged and elderly patients with far lateral disc herniation were analyzed. All patients underwent surgery; 19 with PELD, 24 with MIS-TLIF CTS, and 31 with MIS-TLIF BPS. Clinical data included the length of the incision, duration of the operation, blood loss, hospitalization time, operation cost, recurrence rate, and fusion rate. Preoperative and postoperative patient outcomes including the VAS, ODI scores and MacNab criteria were assessed and recorded. The mean follow-up time was 26.4 months (range from 14 to 46 months). Compared with the internal fixation groups, the length of the incision, duration of operation, blood loss, and hospitalization time were obviously lower in the PELD group. The difference in operation cost among the three methods was statistically significant. The postoperative VAS scores for LBP and LP decreased significantly as compared with those recorded preoperatively. The postoperative ODI scores were lower than those recorded preoperatively. MacNab criteria rating excellent, good and fair results were in 27, 37 and 10 patients, respectively. PELD, MIS-TLIF CTS, and MIS-TLIF BPS are all effective minimally invasive techniques for the therapy of single segment far lateral lumbar disc herniation in middle-aged and elderly patients. PELD had a shorter operation time and less surgical trauma, being a less invasive and more economical method; however, there was no recurrence of disc herniation after fixation. Compared with MIS-TLIF BPS, MIS-TLIF CTS obtained a similar fusion rate and certain costs were saved.","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1560096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60126379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical analysis of likelihood of optic canal damage in peri-orbital fracture.","authors":"Tomohisa Nagasao,&nbsp;Tadaaki Morotomi,&nbsp;Motone Kuriyama,&nbsp;Motoki Tamai,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Sakamoto,&nbsp;Naoki Takano","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1460401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1460401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Detection of optic canal fractures is often difficult because of the subtleness of the fracture. If we could clarify impact on which region around the orbit is likely to accompany the fracture of the optic canal, the knowledge should be useful to make early diagnosis of optic canal fractures. The present study was conducted to elucidate this issue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten finite element models were produced simulating the skulls of ten humans (8 males and 2 females; 43.8 ± 10.2 y/o). The peri-orbital area of each of the ten models was divided into eight regions in a clockwise fashion per 45 degrees. These regions were defined as Superior-Medial (0-45 degrees), Medial-Superior (45-90 degrees), Medial-Inferior (90 to 135 degrees), Inferior-Medial (135 to 180 degrees), Inferior-Lateral (180-225 degrees), Lateral-Inferior (225 to 270 degrees), Lateral-Superior (270-315 degrees), and Superior-Lateral regions (315-360 degrees), respectively. Dynamic simulation of applying traumatic energy on each of these regions was conducted. Resultant fracture patterns were evaluated using finite element analyses. Thereafter, frequencies of fracture involvement of the optic canal were evaluated for each of the eight regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The involvement of the optic canal was most frequent for the Superior-Medial region (7/10), followed by the Medial-Superior region (5/10).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optic canal fracture is likely to occur when the area between the supra-orbital notch and the medial canthus are strongly impacted. When evident fracture or serious damage of soft tissue is observed in this area, occurrence of optic canal fracture should be suspected.</p>","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1460401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35980047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is patient-specific pre-operative preparation feasible in a clinical environment? A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Marina Yiasemidou,&nbsp;Daniel Glassman,&nbsp;David Jayne,&nbsp;Danilo Miskovic","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1495266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1495266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Technical difficulty of an operation is associated with patient and disease characteristics, indicating the necessity for surgeons to exercise patient-specific preparation. Such methods have been shown to be effective in the simulation suite, however, application in a real clinical environment has been sporadic. This systematic review attempts to answer if patient-specific preparation in challenging surgical procedures is feasible. A systematic review of OvidMedline, Embase and all Evidence Based Medicine review databases, was conducted in search of studies who described surgical rehearsals in all specialties. Following the application of defined inclusion and exclusion criteria relevant data were extracted and summarised. Descriptive synthesis was performed for all included studies and meta-analysis of data was applied when possible. Of fourty-nine studies included, thirty-seven were case-series, ten were non-randomised comparative trials and two randomised controlled trials. Accuracy of applied methods ranged from 66.7 to 100% and a good outcome was seen in 60-100% of operations. Meta-analysis of studies comparing rehearsals to real procedures (same patients) showed that simulated procedures were significantly faster than real ones (SMD = -1.56 [-2.19, -0.93] p < 0.00001) but were similar in other outcomes (fluoroscopy time: SMD = -0.1 [-0.63, 0.42] p = 0.7, fluoroscopy volume: SMD = -0.43[-0.97, 0.11], p = 0.12). Meta-analysis of studies comparing pre-operative rehearsals to standard treatment (two distinct groups of patients), demonstrated that real procedures were performed quicker if pre-operative rehearsal took place (SMD = -0.47 [-0.79, -0.16], P  = 0.003) but the immediate clinical outcome was similar for practiced and not practiced operations (SMD =0.03[-0.23, 0.29], p = 0.82). Current evidence suggests that patient-specific pre-operative preparation is feasible and safe and decreases operational time.</p>","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1495266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36733553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy assessment of a novel image-free handheld robot for Total Knee Arthroplasty in a cadaveric study.","authors":"Michael Casper,&nbsp;Riddhit Mitra,&nbsp;Rahul Khare,&nbsp;Branislav Jaramaz,&nbsp;Brian Hamlin,&nbsp;Brian McGinley,&nbsp;David Mayman,&nbsp;Jeff Headrick,&nbsp;Kenneth Urish,&nbsp;Mark Gittins,&nbsp;Stephen Incavo,&nbsp;Vivek Neginhal","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1519038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1519038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgical navigation has been shown to improve the accuracy of bone preparation and limb alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Previous work has shown the effectiveness of various types of navigation systems. Here, for the first time, we assessed the accuracy of a novel imageless semiautonomous handheld robotic sculpting system in performing bone resection and preparation in TKA using cadaveric specimens. In this study, we compared the planned and final implant placement in 18 cadaveric specimens undergoing TKA using the new tool. Eight surgeons carried out the procedures using three types of implant designs. A quantitative analysis was performed to determine the translational, angular, and rotational differences between the planned and achieved positions of the implants. The mean femoral flexion, varus/valgus, and rotational error was -2.0°, -0.1°, and -0.5°, respectively. The mean tibial posterior slope, and varus/valgus error was -0.2°, and -0.2°, respectively. We obtained higher flexion errors for the femoral implant when using cut-guides as compared to using a bur for cutting the bones. The image-free robotic sculpting tool achieved accurate implementation of the surgical plan with small errors in implant placement. Future studies will focus on determining how well the accurate implant placement translates into a clinical and functional benefit for the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1519038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36564067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deviation of cup alignment from target angle during press-fit insertion.","authors":"Yingyong Suksathien,&nbsp;Jithayut Sueajui,&nbsp;Urawit Piyapromdee","doi":"10.1080/24699322.2018.1533040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2018.1533040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Several factors lead to cup malalignment including preoperative pelvic tilt, inaccurate pelvic position on the operating table, pelvic movement during the operation and alignment change after screw fixation of the cup. There are few studies about the deviation of cup alignment from target angle during press-fit insertion, which may be the other cause of cup malalignment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the deviation of cup alignment from target angle during press-fit insertion by using imageless navigation and to define any influential factors, including gender, age and side of operation. Methods: Between February 2016 and March 2017, patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) with imageless navigation were included in the present single-center study. Cup inclination angle was set at 40 degrees in all cases but the anteversion angle varied depending on the stem anteversion in each case using a combined anteversion technique. The final cup was aligned at target angles in both inclination and anteversion, the tracker was detached from the insertion handle and the surgeon inserted the cup until it was seated completely. The tracker was attached again to display both inclination and anteversion angles and these angles were recorded. Deviated Inclination Angles (DIA) and Deviated Anteversion Angles (DAA) in each case were calculated. Results: There were 124 cases in the present study. The mean age of the patients was 60.2 years (25–93). There were equal numbers of right-sided and left-sided operations, 62 cases each. There were 114 cases (91.9%) with DIA. The mean DIA was 2.65° (0°–8°, SD 1.66). The DIA decreased in 107 cases (86.3%) with 12 cases (9.7%) showing a decrease of 5° or more. The DIA increased in 7 cases (5.6%) with 2 cases (1.6%) showing an increase of 5° or more. There were 103 cases (83.1%) with DAA. The mean DAA was 2.3° (0°–14°, SD 2.3). The DAA increased in 78 cases (62.9%) with 11 cases (8.3%) increasing by 5° or more. The DAA decreased in 25 cases (20.2%) with 4 cases (3.2%) decreasing by 5° or more. The DIA was significantly higher in males than in females (p = .012). There was significant correlation between DAA and patient’s age (p = .037). There was no significant difference between DIA or DAA and side of operation. Conclusion: Changes in cup orientation were observed in most cases during cup insertion with hammer blows detected by imageless navigation. Deviation of cup alignment from target angle during press-fit insertion was a possible cause of cup malalignment, male gender and patient’s age were influential factors.","PeriodicalId":56051,"journal":{"name":"Computer Assisted Surgery","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/24699322.2018.1533040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36613742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}