International Journal of Forest Engineering最新文献_第9页

Productivity and costs of sieving logging residue chips 筛分伐木残渣碎片的生产率和成本

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.1993686

L. Eliasson, E. Anerud, A. Eriksson, Henrik von Hofsten

{"title":"Productivity and costs of sieving logging residue chips","authors":"L. Eliasson, E. Anerud, A. Eriksson, Henrik von Hofsten","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2022.1993686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2022.1993686","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sieving of chipped forest fuels has recently been suggested as a way to reduce dry matter losses during storage. Sieving provides a more homogeneous acceptable material with better storage properties, which reduces the risk of energy and dry matter losses and spontaneous ignition. Screened chips can be priced higher due to better quality, and both acceptable and reject fractions are more homogeneous, which improves combustion control. Sieving is costly and the reject fraction is not suitable for storage. Five sieving operations were studied, three involving vibrating screens and two involving starscreens. On average, starscreens were more productive than vibrating screens. In all operations, the sieving machine limited productivity, and the loader feeding the machine was not fully utilized. Sieving costs were under two euro per MWh of chips, which may be recovered through higher values and lower storage losses in the acceptable fraction. If sieving operations were used to increase storage of chips, it could increase the annual utilization of chippers and chip trucks in the supply chain, thereby reducing supply costs. Profitable sieving operations require demand for the fine fraction at a price close to that of residue chips.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"80 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48525044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Timber harvesting on fragile ground and impacts of uncertainties in the operational costs 脆弱土地上的木材采伐及作业成本不确定性的影响

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.1988432

Alex K. George, A. Kizha, L. Kenefic

{"title":"Timber harvesting on fragile ground and impacts of uncertainties in the operational costs","authors":"Alex K. George, A. Kizha, L. Kenefic","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2022.1988432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2022.1988432","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Forested wetlands with high water tables are sensitive to disruption from harvesting yet support commercially desired tree species like northern white-cedar. Winter harvest was conducted in Maine, USA, to compare operational costs and productivity of cut-to-length harvesting in cedar (fragile soil) and non-cedar stands (mixedwood, sturdy soil), evaluate uncertainties in harvesting costs and influential factors, and forecast time for post-harvest recovery to pre-harvest volumes. Operational costs were calculated using detailed time and motion studies. Operational costs for the cedar stands were higher than non-cedar. Regression models were developed for harvesters, forwarders, and self-loading trucks; number of logs per cycle was a common factor. Sensitivity analysis showed the dependence of operational costs on labor and fuel costs. Forest Vegetation Simulator projections were used to assess harvest sustainability and suggested the time required to regrow harvested merchantable volume is comparable to cutting cycles recommended for similar treatments in the region. Predicted growth rates exceed those reported regionally on similar sites, suggesting additional study of post-harvest response is warranted. Results highlight site constraints on both operational and stand productivity in lowlands and will be useful for timber harvesting decision-making and forest management planning if combined with assessment of residual stand growth response.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"12 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42494798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Knowledge and technologies for effective wood procurement 有效采购木材的知识和技术

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1954814

R. Astrup

引用次数: 3

The effect of tree and harvester size on productivity and harvester investment decisions 树木和收割机尺寸对生产力和收割机投资决策的影响

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1981046

S. Ackerman, Astrup Rasmus, Talbot Bruce

{"title":"The effect of tree and harvester size on productivity and harvester investment decisions","authors":"S. Ackerman, Astrup Rasmus, Talbot Bruce","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2021.1981046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.1981046","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Long-term machine-derived data sets comprising 140,000 trees were collected from four harvesters of equal age and similar working conditions, into two machine size classes, viz. two Ponsse Bears and two smaller Ponsse Beavers. Productivity functions for each size class were modelled using a nonlinear mixed effects approach. Based on these functions, unit costs and their sensitivity to utilization rates and cost of capital were assessed. Results showed that despite considerably higher capital costs (32%) on the Bear, a 50% higher mean productivity resulted in a unit cost only 17% higher than the Beaver in a disadvantageous scenario (high interest rates and low utilisation), and a 6% lower unit cost than the Beaver in an advantageous scenario (low interest and high utilisation), within the range of tree sizes observed. Between these extremes, only marginal differences in unit costs were observed. This demonstrates that the difference in ownership and operating costs between larger and smaller harvesters is largely negated by the difference in productivity rates. These results can provide useful insight into timber harvester investment decisions. Harvesters from two adjacent size classes can be used interchangeably at the same unit cost within a wide range of tree sizes despite productivity differences. It should be noted that increased repair costs and an eventual reduction in expected economic lifetime on a smaller harvester, or the negative effects of using a larger harvester in smaller trees, e.g. thinning operations, were not taken into account in this work.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"22 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42785877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Assessing the characteristics and supporting factors that lead to logging machine value loss in the Southeastern United States 评估导致美国东南部伐木机价值损失的特征和支持因素

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-09-07 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1971145

Emily B. Cook, M. Bolding, R. Visser, S. Barrett, Brandon O’Neal

{"title":"Assessing the characteristics and supporting factors that lead to logging machine value loss in the Southeastern United States","authors":"Emily B. Cook, M. Bolding, R. Visser, S. Barrett, Brandon O’Neal","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2021.1971145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.1971145","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Forest harvesting machines have become technologically advanced, making them more productive but also more complex and expensive to purchase. Logging contractors have the challenge of deciding the right duration for operating their machines to optimize the high initial capital investment of purchasing new equipment. We evaluated the decline in ground-based mechanized logging equipment value in the Southeastern United States and determined baseline value loss trends for equipment based on several operational factors. Based on 920 machine listings from common equipment trading internet sites, predictive models were developed for the listed used price of tracked and wheeled feller-bunchers, tracked and trailer-mounted loaders, and wheeled skidders resulting in R2 values of 0.75 or higher. Machine age (yrs) proved to be the most significant predictor of the listed used price for all machine types. Tracked machines were listed at significantly higher prices (p < 0.0001) and ages (loaders p = 0.0921 and skidders p = 0.0007) than their wheeled counterparts. A survey of equipment dealers and logging contractors was also conducted to ascertain key considerations of machine value retention and for replacement. Lack of preventative maintenance was ranked as the most likely factor that leads to premature equipment replacement. Equipment dealers consistently recommend significantly lower machine hours at time of replacement than logging contractors. The results from this study provide predictive models and qualitative reasoning regarding machine value loss and decision-making from both equipment dealer’s and logging contractor’s perspectives.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"33 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45271293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Application of an Integrated Ergonomic Indicator (IEI) in evaluating forest machines 综合人机工程学指标在林业机械评价中的应用

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1937773

Felipe Martins de Oliveira, E. S. Lopes, H. Koehler, A. Behling

{"title":"Application of an Integrated Ergonomic Indicator (IEI) in evaluating forest machines","authors":"Felipe Martins de Oliveira, E. S. Lopes, H. Koehler, A. Behling","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2021.1937773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.1937773","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ergonomic evaluations of forest machines are carried out in isolation due to the lack of an adequate method that makes it possible to correlate the ergonomic variables simultaneously. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ergonomic performance of certain forest machines by using the Integrated Ergonomic Indicator (IEI), capable of correlating ergonomic variables simultaneously. Vibration, noise, heat, illuminance, posture, repeatability, visibility and productivity were obtained from a feller buncher, harvester, forwarder, skidder and processor machines in two work shifts with 24 operators. The ergonomic data were subjected to cluster analysis and standardized by their deviations from the average, being subjected to multivariate factor analysis to determine influencing factors in the composition of the IEI. The indicator for each factor was multiplied by the variance explained for each factor, with the result divided by the total explained variance. The values remained around 0 and the higher the result, the worse the ergonomic condition. The results showed that the variables that most negatively influenced the machines were vibration, noise and lateral visibility which were related to each other. The worst machine under the ergonomic aspect was the skidder, with an IEI of 2.82 and 1.60 for day and night shifts, respectively, caused by shocks and bumps in the work route, and also due to the operators spending a long time with their neck rotated. The best machines were the 8×8 harvester and the forest processor at night, with an IEI of −1.36 and −0.96, caused by vibration, noise and neck with little rotational deviation.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"256 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49067425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Log truck crashes before and after weight limit increases in North Carolina and Virginia, USA 美国北卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州的原木卡车在重量限制增加前后发生车祸

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1938899

J. Conrad

引用次数: 6

A comparative approach of methods to estimate machine productivity in wood cutting 估计木材切削机器生产率的比较方法

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1952520

I. L. E. Lopes, Laís Almeida Araújo, Evandro Nunes Miranda, Thomaz Aurelio Bastos, L. R. Gomide, Gustavo Pereira Castro

{"title":"A comparative approach of methods to estimate machine productivity in wood cutting","authors":"I. L. E. Lopes, Laís Almeida Araújo, Evandro Nunes Miranda, Thomaz Aurelio Bastos, L. R. Gomide, Gustavo Pereira Castro","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2021.1952520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.1952520","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Forest harvesting planning requires careful analysis of the variables that influence machine productivity. This information is crucial for better decision-making. Thus, we aimed to compare models for predicting the excavator-based grapple saw productivity in wood cutting with variables from environmental data, forest inventory, and operator records. We applied Stepwise linear regression, Random Forest (RF), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to estimate machine productivity (mp). Hybrid methods were also designed to perform the feature selection procedure. A Genetic algorithm (GA) was combined with RF (GA-RF), and ANN (GA-ANN). These methods were assessed according to error metrics and accuracy. Although the order of the variables’ importance changed based on these methods, the operator’s experience was the main factor in the mp behavior, regardless of the model. The work shift impacted the machine productivity, but not as significantly as the operator’s experience. The mean individual tree volume and precipitation also made a considerable contribution to the mp estimates of the GA-RF and GA-ANN models, respectively. Our findings indicate that the RF and GA-RF methods perform best and with high accuracy to estimate mp. Furthermore, we highlight that GA-RF performed a robust selection of the variables that influenced the mp behavior.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"43 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14942119.2021.1952520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47569747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The effect of bogie track and forwarder design on rut formation in a peatland 泥炭地转向架轨道和转向架设计对车辙形成的影响

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1935167

J. Ala-Ilomäki, Harri Lindeman, Blas Mola‐Yudego, R. Prinz, K. Väätäinen, B. Talbot, J. Routa

{"title":"The effect of bogie track and forwarder design on rut formation in a peatland","authors":"J. Ala-Ilomäki, Harri Lindeman, Blas Mola‐Yudego, R. Prinz, K. Väätäinen, B. Talbot, J. Routa","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2021.1935167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.1935167","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The effect of forest machinery on the rut formation on extraction trails is an important aspect of forest operations. The aim of this study was to compare how track design and vehicle configuration affects rut formation on straight and curved test trails with no slash mats on peatland. Rut depth was observed from five machine-track combinations on several test plots after several passes and two different trail configurations, straight and curve. The observations (N = 760) were modeled using a mixed model approach to include the variation between the combinations. The results show that rut depth decreases exponentially with soil shear modulus, increases linearly with the number of passes and is not affected with the trail section configuration. The overall coefficient of determination is R2 = 0.55. A first generation Ponsse Elk with Fomatec tracks (EFwo) showed the lowest rut formation, followed by a first generation Ponsse Elk with Fomatec tracks equipped with add-on track shoes (EFw), a Ponsse Buffalo with KOPA high flotation tracks (Kopa) and a Ponsse Elk 10 W with Olofsfors mixed tracks (E10W), while a Ponsse Elk with long wheelbase bogie and Olofsfors high-flotation tracks (LWB) showed the deepest rut formation. Vehicle dynamics on peatlands are still far from being fully understood and the paper highlights the complexity of the interactions of the variables studied while providing a valid modeling tool with applications in planning of forest operations and simulation.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"12 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14942119.2021.1935167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46598172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Spatial relationship between damaged understory and felled trees during the final cutting in a shelterwood forest 防护林最终采伐过程中受损林下植被与被伐树木的空间关系

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1943801

Dai Otsuka, Kai Moriguchi, T. Shirota, Tatsuhito Ueki, M. Saito

引用次数: 2