International Journal of Forest Engineering最新文献_第8页

Capacities characterization of wood harvest machine operators’ by cognitive and motor processes 通过认知和运动过程表征木材收获机操作员的能力

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.2029315

Pagnussat Mb, Almeida R.M.M., KO H.S., Seidler R.D., Lopes E.S.

{"title":"Capacities characterization of wood harvest machine operators’ by cognitive and motor processes","authors":"Pagnussat Mb, Almeida R.M.M., KO H.S., Seidler R.D., Lopes E.S.","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2022.2029315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2022.2029315","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The work of the wood harvest machine operator is an important variable for the performance of a forestry company, impacting the operation quality, productivity, and profit. However, the lack of skilled operators with the desirable profile for machine operation is a current challenge. This research proposes a method to evaluate the operational skills required of forest machine operators to increase the quality of the selection and training processes and to improve their subsequent performance . Focusing on a forestry company in Brazil, we developed assessments for cognition, behavior, memory, focused attention, and motor skills to measure the worker’s efficiency with each mechanism used for operation of the harvest machine. The outcomes data were analyzed by principal component analysis and factor analysis to understand how every variable was responsible for the operators’ scores, attributing values to operator’s classification by cluster analysis. Results showed that all capacities evaluated were relevant, with variations among operators, with these key factors for feller bunchers versus skidder operators: cognition (26.5%, vs. 31%), behavior (38% vs. 37%), memory (18% vs. 13%), focused attention (5% vs. 6%), and motor skills (9% vs. 11%). Based on these data, the operators were classified into three distinct profiles. Conclusions were that the proposed assessment of individual characteristics was able to identify variations in the operators’ profiles.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"87 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42170670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A mobility model for a tethered skidder 系留式集材机的机动性模型

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-08 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.2045172

J. Sessions, Jeff Wimer

{"title":"A mobility model for a tethered skidder","authors":"J. Sessions, Jeff Wimer","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2022.2045172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2022.2045172","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tethered logging has been rapidly increasing in popularity in many regions following developments in Europe and New Zealand. The main application in Europe has focused on using an integral winch to assist harvesters and forwarders. In New Zealand, the application has focused on a remote winch to stabilize and assist a feller-buncher, permitting cutting and bunching of whole trees for extraction by cable yarding, or in some cases shovel logging. In areas where cable yarding equipment is not available, a tethered skidder could be an alternative for moving bunched trees from the field to roadside, or in steep areas with convex slopes to avoid the use of intermediate supports. As a model for estimating the performance of the tethered skidder is not available, the purpose of this manuscript is to present a preliminary model. A methodology for a six-wheel drive tethered skidder is developed by extending existing non-tethered four-wheel drive skidder models for extraction uphill in steep terrain. The load that can be skidded is a function of skidder weight, soil strength, and tether tension. Tire inflation pressure is also an important variable. The energy intensity of tethered skidders is much higher than for cable logging due to the weight of the skidder. The lighter the skidder, the lower the power requirements and the lower the energy intensity.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"189 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43369655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Influence of log and stack parameters on the conversion factors for Norway Spruce wood stacks using a 3D simulation model 基于三维模拟模型的原木和木材堆放参数对挪威云杉木材堆放转换系数的影响

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2022-02-21 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.2038023

F. de Miguel-Díez, Tim Pettenkofer, E. Wallor, E. Tolosana-Esteban, T. Purfürst, T. Cremer

{"title":"Influence of log and stack parameters on the conversion factors for Norway Spruce wood stacks using a 3D simulation model","authors":"F. de Miguel-Díez, Tim Pettenkofer, E. Wallor, E. Tolosana-Esteban, T. Purfürst, T. Cremer","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2022.2038023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2022.2038023","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One method for estimating the solid wood content in a stack involves using conversion factors and multiplying these by the measured gross volume. The conversion factors can vary depending on several log and stack parameters. The aim of this study was to analyze eleven parameters using a 3D simulation model based on 541 measured logs of Norway spruce. To this end, 50 data sets were created from measured logs, where the parameters of interest in this study (e.g., length, crookedness, taper …) were classified according to different ranges. After that, 64 runs of simulations were carried out. In each simulation run, 150 stacks were modeled. The simulation results were compared with previous studies and with the measurement guidelines of several countries. This analysis revealed that the parameters midpoint diameter, length, crookedness, delimbing quality and the proportion of moderately and highly crooked logs in a stack have a considerable influence on the conversion factors. Taper, proportion of butt logs in a stack and stack height have a modest effect as do the proportion of tapered and crooked logs for low and high taper and low crookedness. In contrast, ovality and the proportion of logs stacked in opposite directions have a marginal influence on the conversion factors. Based on findings from these analyses, the current measurement guidelines of different countries can now be adapted to achieve a higher degree of accuracy.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"119 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43653423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Use of vision and sound to classify feller-buncher operational state 利用视觉和声音对集束机运行状态进行分类

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2022-02-20 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.2037927

Pengmin Pan, T. McDonald, M. Smidt, Rafael Dias

{"title":"Use of vision and sound to classify feller-buncher operational state","authors":"Pengmin Pan, T. McDonald, M. Smidt, Rafael Dias","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2022.2037927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2022.2037927","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Productivity measures in logging involve simultaneous recognition and classification of event occurrence and timing, and the volume of stems being handled. In full-tree felling systems these measurements are difficult to implement in an autonomous manner because of the unfavorable working environment and the abundance of confounding extraneous events. This paper proposed a vision method that used a low-cost camera to recognize feller-buncher operational events including tree cutting and piling. It used a fine K-nearest neighbors (fKNN) algorithm as the final classifier based on both audio and video features derived from short video segments as inputs. The classifier’s calibration accuracy exceeds 94%. The trained model was tested on videos recorded under various conditions. The overall accurate rates for short segments were greater than 89%. Comparisons were made between the human- and algorithm-derived event detection rates, events’ durations, and inter-event timing using continuously recorded videos taken during feller operation. Video results between the fKNN model and manual observation were similar. Statistical comparison using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test to evaluate measured parameters’ distributions (manual versus automated event duration and inter-event timing) did not show significant differences with the lowest P-value among all Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests equal to 0.12. The result indicated the feasibility and potential of using the method for the automatic time study of drive-to-tree feller bunchers.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"129 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48314032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Manipulating grading strategy for the efficient harvesting of industrial poplar plantations 操纵分级策略以实现工业杨树人工林的高效采收

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.2034404

R. Spinelli, Barnabáš Kováč, Patrik Heger, David Helig, B. Heil, G. Kovàcs, N. Magagnotti

引用次数: 5

Economic viability of the whole tree harvest under conditions of uncertainty: a study in southeastern Brazil 不确定条件下整个树木采伐的经济可行性:巴西东南部的一项研究

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.2029316

Q. S. Rocha, R. Lima, R. Munis, G. Pereira, D. Simões

{"title":"Economic viability of the whole tree harvest under conditions of uncertainty: a study in southeastern Brazil","authors":"Q. S. Rocha, R. Lima, R. Munis, G. Pereira, D. Simões","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2022.2029316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2022.2029316","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Investments in mechanized wood harvesting operations are characterized by demanding capital and presenting uncertainties associated with productive and economic factors. The economic analysis based on the Monte Carlo method promotes accurate results by measuring the risks of these investments. Thus, we analyzed whether the mechanized wood harvesting operation consisting of self-propelled forest machines under conditions of uncertainty is economically viable, applying the Monte Carlo method for risk management. With the observance of wood harvesting in a forest planted with Eucalyptus, technical-economic coefficients were obtained for felling, extraction, and wood bundle processing operations. The time horizon was six years, with the application of the investment decision rules net present value, modified internal rate of return, and payback period discounted at the opportunity cost rate by the weighted average cost of capital. The results of the investment decision rules indicated the economic viability of the mechanized wood harvesting operation and, based on the stochastic simulation, it was possible to consider the investment as low risk for capital holders. Therefore, the mechanized wood harvesting operation consisting of self-propelled forest machines, under conditions of uncertainty, is economically viable.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"181 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42417184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Factor analysis of the parameters of the ergatic natural-production system of the carting out of timber assortments 木材品种运出生态自然生产系统参数的因子分析

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-11 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2022.2018839

Mokhirev Aleksandr, Mazurkin Petr, Rukomojnikov Konstantin

{"title":"Factor analysis of the parameters of the ergatic natural-production system of the carting out of timber assortments","authors":"Mokhirev Aleksandr, Mazurkin Petr, Rukomojnikov Konstantin","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2022.2018839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2022.2018839","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Factor analysis of 35 factors in 162 experiments was conducted for carting out timber from the forest to a forest products mill using the method of identifying stable patterns. The sampling power of the total correlation matrix was 352 = 1225 values of the correlation index for the identified stable patterns. According to the identified patterns of rank-size distributions and binary relations, the number of pre-selected factors decreased from 35 to 24 in summer (68.57%) and to 25 in winter (71.43%) using the proposed method of factor analysis. Basically, factors with a correlation index of less than 0.3 were excluded. Structural indicators become a system parameter of the set of regularities of binary relations, which decrease with an increase in the “permissible” correlation index. In total there are 1190 pairs of binary relations. According to the research results, among the influencing variables, the factor “type of snow and ice cover” was in first place, “number of the month in the year” was in second place, and “time of operation of the logging truck” was in third place. Among the dependent indicators in comparison with the general correlation matrix and the matrix of strong connections, the first and second places were: “the height of the snow cover (off the road)”; the given eastern longitude. The factor “the wheel formula of the logging truck” was in third place.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"155 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43923925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Evaluating the productivity and costs of five energywood harvesting operations in the lower Mid-Atlantic region of the U.S 评估美国中大西洋下游地区五次能源木材采伐作业的生产力和成本

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-12-29 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.2015676

Austin M. Garren, M. Bolding, S. Barrett, W. Aust, T. A. Coates

{"title":"Evaluating the productivity and costs of five energywood harvesting operations in the lower Mid-Atlantic region of the U.S","authors":"Austin M. Garren, M. Bolding, S. Barrett, W. Aust, T. A. Coates","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2021.2015676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.2015676","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Woody biomass is an important feedstock for renewable energy production in the United States. Residues are produced by forest harvests, and some operations utilize this material for energywood. Energywood requires additional processing and is often the lowest value product generated. Additional research quantifying the productivity and costs of energywood operations could allow stakeholders to evaluate the efficiency of those operations and identify areas for improvement. This study evaluated five energywood harvesting operations in the Lower Mid-Atlantic region of the United States (two Appalachian Mountain harvests and three Coastal Plain harvests). Each harvesting operation was observed for 4–7 days, and productivity data were collected on each harvesting function using time study and activity sampling methods. Productivity and costs of each operation were estimated, and equipment mixes and harvesting methods were evaluated to determine efficiency. Interviews were also conducted with each logging contractor to understand operating strategies and decision making. Cut and haul costs averaged (USD) $32.07/tonne and ranged from $26.19 to $38.28/tonne. Hauling consistently comprised the largest function cost at an average of $12.24/tonne. Machines handling energywood were less productive than those harvesting roundwood because of the large effect average stem size had on productivity levels. Harvesting system analysis also highlighted the importance of ensuring a balanced equipment mix to lower costs and ensure efficiency. This research provides stakeholders with a valuable comparison of energywood harvesting operations in the Lower Mid-Atlantic region of the United States that can be used to make better-informed decisions regarding the efficient and economical harvest of energywood.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"170 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46228295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Integrated in-stand debarking with a harvester in cut-to-length operations – processing and extraction performance assessment 在定尺作业中与收割机集成的机架内剥皮-加工和提取性能评估

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.2013049

Franz Holzleitner, C. Kanzian

{"title":"Integrated in-stand debarking with a harvester in cut-to-length operations – processing and extraction performance assessment","authors":"Franz Holzleitner, C. Kanzian","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2021.2013049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.2013049","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Climate change fostered one of the most destructive spruce pests, the Eurasian spruce bark beetle. One measure to control bark beetle outbreaks could be debarking by a harvester. To assess the difference in harvesting and forwarding productivity between cut-to-length (CTL) and CTL with integrated debarking, a detailed time and motion study was carried out. The study covered two stands (2.1 ha) divided into sample plots, whereby 19 were treated as CTL and 20 as CTL debarking. The harvesting head H415 attached to a John Deere 1270G was modified with special feed rollers and adjusted hydraulic settings. A John Deere 1210E forwarder extracted the logs. Trees were measured and video recordings of the operation allowed a post hoc time and motion study. Linear and mixed models were applied to develop prediction functions. Altogether 400 spruce trees were harvested whereof 163 trees with an average stem volume of 0.45 m3 were processed CTL and 237 (0.40 m3) were treated with CTL debarking. Harvesting productivity reached 26.4 m3 PSH0 −1 in CTL debarking, which was 25% lower than CTL causing €2.40 m−3 additional costs. Forwarding productivity with 18.8 m3 PSH0 −1 did not differ.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"66 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42308516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The effectiveness of a small-scale combination harvester/forwarder in industrial plantation first thinning operations 小型联合收割机/货代在工业种植园首次间伐作业中的有效性

IF 1.9 3区农林科学

International Journal of Forest Engineering Pub Date : 2021-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/14942119.2021.1978798

S. Ackerman, Heather McDermid, P. Ackerman, Marius Terblanche

{"title":"The effectiveness of a small-scale combination harvester/forwarder in industrial plantation first thinning operations","authors":"S. Ackerman, Heather McDermid, P. Ackerman, Marius Terblanche","doi":"10.1080/14942119.2021.1978798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14942119.2021.1978798","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An assessment of the feasibility of using a Malwa 560C combination harvester/forwarder in a selection type first thinning operation in the Highveld region of South Africa was conducted. Each of the machine components, harvesting and forwarding, were assessed separately with resulting machine productivities of 10.84 m3·PMH−1 and 5.03 m3·PMH−1 respectively. An interesting result was found indicating a discrepancy between standing volume, volume harvested and volume reaching roadside. These differences were related to felling and processing trees with no merchantable volume (i.e. felling to waste), other inevitable fiber losses during log assortment production and log assortments not forwarded to roadside. To determine system productivity and cost, calculations must be based on volume reaching roadside otherwise harvester actual productivity is inordinately inflated. Recalculating harvester productivity with volume to roadside productivity is reduced to 6.94 m3·PMH−1. The two functions of the machine cannot be viewed as independent activities. The machine productivity is limited by the least productive component, in this case, forwarding. The system performance productivity was found to be 2.92 m3·PMH−1. A system cost based on this productivity was USD 46.78·PMH−1 and USD 16.05·m−3. This study highlights the importance of accounting for fiber loss in harvester productivity calculations as well as balancing the system’s productivity to avoid overestimations and incorrect assumption in the supply chain. Furthermore, modeling productivity with data representing the adjusted volume demonstrates what is effectively being produced by the whole cut-to-length harvesting system, considering the effect of tree size and quality variability present on these sites.","PeriodicalId":55998,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Forest Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"56 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47012567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2