Linguistics Vanguard最新文献_第7页

Causal clauses as source of sentential complementation: cross-linguistic evidence and methodological issues 作为句子补语来源的因果从句：跨语言证据和方法论问题

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2022-0010

Rodrigo Hernáiz

{"title":"Causal clauses as source of sentential complementation: cross-linguistic evidence and methodological issues","authors":"Rodrigo Hernáiz","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"In many languages, causal clause markers can also function as – or are formally identical to – complement markers (e.g., Bulgarian če, Twi se, or Latin quod). This isomorphism is often explained as the result of independent developments from a common source (interrogatives, relativizers, etc.). By contrast, it is also frequently accepted that in some cases the aforementioned identity originates in a type of structural change by which causal clauses are eventually reanalysed as factive complements. However, the nature of the proposed CAUSE > COMPLEMENT development, involving both semantic adjustments and syntactic integration, is not yet fully understood, and it remains unclear how recurrent this phenomenon might be from a cross-linguistic perspective. This article aims to shed light on these questions by analysing diachronic and cross-linguistic data and assessing some of the evidence given for the development of complementation from causal adverbial clauses. The observations reveal significant documentation gaps for postulated models of the emergence of complement clauses and highlight methodological issues that qualify previous explanations about the diachronic relationship between causal and complement clauses.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140106453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sociolinguistic auto-coding has fairness problems too: measuring and mitigating bias 社会语言自动编码也有公平性问题：衡量和减少偏见

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2022-0114

Dan Villarreal

{"title":"Sociolinguistic auto-coding has fairness problems too: measuring and mitigating bias","authors":"Dan Villarreal","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2022-0114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2022-0114","url":null,"abstract":"Sociolinguistics researchers can use sociolinguistic auto-coding (SLAC) to predict humans’ hand-codes of sociolinguistic data. While auto-coding promises opportunities for greater efficiency, like other computational methods there are inherent concerns about this method’s fairness – whether it generates equally valid predictions for different speaker groups. Unfairness would be problematic for sociolinguistic work given the central importance of correlating speaker groups to differences in variable usage. The current study examines SLAC fairness through the lens of gender fairness in auto-coding Southland New Zealand English non-prevocalic /r/. First, given that there are multiple, mutually incompatible definitions of machine learning fairness, I argue that fairness for SLAC is best captured by two definitions (overall accuracy equality and class accuracy equality) corresponding to three fairness metrics. Second, I empirically assess the extent to which SLAC is prone to unfairness; I find that a specific auto-coder described in previous literature performed poorly on all three fairness metrics. Third, to remedy these imbalances, I tested unfairness mitigation strategies on the same data; I find several strategies that reduced unfairness to virtually zero. I close by discussing what SLAC fairness means not just for auto-coding, but more broadly for how we conceptualize variation as an object of study.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140105839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Across time, space, and genres: measuring probabilistic grammar distances between varieties of Mandarin 跨越时间、空间和体裁：测量普通话变体之间的概率语法距离

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2022-0134

Yi Li, Benedikt Szmrecsanyi, Weiwei Zhang

{"title":"Across time, space, and genres: measuring probabilistic grammar distances between varieties of Mandarin","authors":"Yi Li, Benedikt Szmrecsanyi, Weiwei Zhang","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2022-0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2022-0134","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to quantify distances between varieties of Mandarin (diachronic, regional, and situational) as a function of the similarity in the choice between syntactic variants in the Mandarin theme-recipient alternation (yŭ/gěi dative alternation). We use a novel corpus-based method, Variation-Based Distance and Similarity Modeling, which draws inspiration from work in comparative sociolinguistics and quantitative dialectometry. Analysis reveals that, while there is a relatively stable probabilistic grammar across the investigated varieties, historical varieties do exhibit a relatively higher degree of heterogeneity than synchronic varieties. Despite the overall high similarity of the latter, we identify substantial probabilistic differences between fictional writings of Modern Mainland Mandarin and all other synchronic varieties. Our findings thus provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that the transition from Early Mandarin to Modern Mandarin over the past two centuries has witnessed salient grammatical shifts and also empirically demonstrate the interaction between genre variability and regional variability in Modern Mandarin.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140106000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plains Cree Order as alternation 平原克里语顺序为交替

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0038

Atticus G. Harrigan, Antti Arppe

引用次数: 0

Null and overt se constructions in Brazilian Portuguese and the network of se constructions 巴西葡萄牙语中的无效和公开 se 结构以及 se 结构网络

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0058

Susana Afonso, Augusto Soares da Silva

{"title":"Null and overt se constructions in Brazilian Portuguese and the network of se constructions","authors":"Susana Afonso, Augusto Soares da Silva","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2023-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0058","url":null,"abstract":"Middle voice (MV) comprises a set of marked constructions associated with situation types (Kemmer 1993. The middle voice. Amsterdam: John Benjamins), in which the middle marker functions as an intransitivizer. MV constructions in Portuguese are se constructions in which the clitic se is typically overt, but in Brazilian Portuguese there is variation between constructions with and without the clitic marker. The overt-null variation is observed in all se construction types and it has been argued by Soares da Silva et al. (2021. Null se constructions in Brazilian and European Portuguese: Morphosyntactic deletion or emergence of new constructions? Cognitive Linguistics 32(1). 159–193) that differences in conceptualization of an event as “energetic” or “absolute” primarily drive the variation. This article focuses on the (re)configuration of the network of se constructions in light of the overt-null alternation. Given that the alternation is systematic for all types of se construction, we propose that both the marked and unmarked constructions are plotted onto the conceptual map of MV constructions. As to the introduction of the null variant in the taxonomy of se constructions, we argue that the overt-null variants are allostructions posited at lower levels of abstraction. We also hypothesize that the middle marker at the top node is underspecified for function, instantiated as an intransitivizer, or lexically defined at the immediate subordinate level.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139758622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In alternations, not all semantic motivation comes from semantic contrast 在交替词中，并非所有语义动机都来自语义对比

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0041

Yingying Cai, Hendrik De Smet

{"title":"In alternations, not all semantic motivation comes from semantic contrast","authors":"Yingying Cai, Hendrik De Smet","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2023-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0041","url":null,"abstract":"Functional explanations of alternations often invoke semantic contrast between alternates. In some cases, however, new alternations may arise not to code contrast but simply because the grammar supports multiple roughly equivalent solutions to the same coding problem. Our study illustrates this by exploring the history of English prepositional phrase complements (PPCs) to mental predicates, with a special focus on about and at (as in everyone was enthusiastic about the project). It is shown that about saw a dramatic extension in its use as a PPC marker, resulting in various new alternation contexts. These developments are concomitant to changes in the general semantic structure of about that resulted in stronger grammatical sanction to its use as a PPC marker. Compared to about, at has a far more stable semantic profile overall, contributing to greater stability in its use as a PPC marker as well. In other words, distributional changes in the system of PPCs, and the new alternations that arise as a result, are a side effect of changes in the overall semantic profiles of the prepositions used to mark PPCs.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139587489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The morphosyntactic alternation between exterior locative case affixes and postpositions in Estonian 爱沙尼亚语中外部定位词缀和后置词之间的形态句法交替

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0045

Jane Klavan

{"title":"The morphosyntactic alternation between exterior locative case affixes and postpositions in Estonian","authors":"Jane Klavan","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2023-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2023-0045","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates three morphosyntactic alternations in Estonian – those between the exterior locative cases allative, adessive, and ablative and the corresponding postpositions peale ‘onto’, peal ‘on’, and pealt ‘off’. It is assumed that the influence of different predictors on speakers’ choices will be relatively stable in terms of the direction of those predictors, but the strength of these will vary. For each alternation, a random sample of the two outcomes (case vs. postposition) from the Estonian National Corpus is used, resulting in a total of 3,000 data points. Using properties of the landmark phrase as independent variables in mixed-effects logistic regression models, the choice of postpositions over case-marked realizations is predicted. The models fitted to the data confirm that the direction of the eight predictors investigated is the same across the alternations, with freqRatio, lemma, and mobility making the most significant contribution to the fit of all three models. The study further shows that the two alternating pairs that have a higher global frequency in Estonian (allative ∼ peale and adessive ∼ peal) behave in a similar way with respect to the predictors under study; the third, less frequent alternation (ablative ∼ pealt), differs from the other two in terms of the number and type of predictors that make a significant contribution to the model fit.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139556867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction: what are alternations and how should we study them? 导言：什么是交替，我们应该如何研究它们？

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0165

Dirk Pijpops, Karlien Franco, Dirk Speelman, Freek Van de Velde

引用次数: 0

Bear in a Window: collecting Australian children’s stories of the COVID-19 pandemic 橱窗里的熊：收集澳大利亚儿童关于 COVID-19 大流行的故事

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2021-0150

Chloé Diskin-Holdaway, Barbara F. Kelly, Joanne Arciuli, Beena Ahmed

{"title":"Bear in a Window: collecting Australian children’s stories of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Chloé Diskin-Holdaway, Barbara F. Kelly, Joanne Arciuli, Beena Ahmed","doi":"10.1515/lingvan-2021-0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/lingvan-2021-0150","url":null,"abstract":"The Bear in a Window project captures Australian children’s experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. We focused on children’s experiences of lockdown, or extended periods of home confinement, ranging from one to 100 days at a time between 2020 and 2021. Using the online experimental platform, Gorilla, we invited children aged 3–12 to record themselves telling stories about the positives and negatives of life in lockdown to our mascot, Covey Bear. Recordings were saved on the Gorilla server and orthographically and automatically transcribed using Sonix, with manual correction. Preliminary analyses of 18 children’s recordings illustrate several emergent topics, reflecting children’s experiences of the pandemic in the areas of health and wellbeing; education and online learning; digital engagement; family and friends; relationships; and mealtimes and food. We found that in their storytelling, children engaged in a wide variety of discourse strategies to hold the floor, indicate focus, and transition to different topics. The project will contribute to a national public collection of Australian children’s COVID-19 stories and create a digital repository of Australian children’s talk that will be available to researchers across different disciplines.","PeriodicalId":55960,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics Vanguard","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139518578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alternations (at) that time: NP versus PP time adjuncts in the history of English 当时）的交替：英语历史中的 NP 与 PP 时间副词

IF 1.1 2区文学

Linguistics Vanguard Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.1515/lingvan-2023-0054

Eva Zehentner

引用次数: 0