{"title":"The Smuggling of Migrants from Libyan Shores to Italy: Changes After the End of the Gaddafi Dictatorship1","authors":"S. Becucci","doi":"10.4000/qds.4193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.4193","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the organisation of migrant smuggling from Sub-Saharan African countries to Italy, with a particular focus on Libya. It also examines how this activity changed after the end of the Gaddafi dictatorship. The main conclusion is that smuggling through the Libyan territory underwent different phases. During the dictatorship, smugglers were subject to strict control by the regime, which drew political advantages from them; the aftermath of the revolution gave rise to a new phase that paved the way for a multitude of players to enter the immigration business. The third phase, from 2013-14 onwards, has a new vertically structured organization that benefits smugglers with several resources: connections with recruiters located in the migrants’ countries of departure, financial resources, personnel hired to run the system of irregular migration and protection of the militias.","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44029906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is vocational education a safety net?","authors":"C. Barone, M. Triventi","doi":"10.4000/qds.4168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.4168","url":null,"abstract":"This article assesses the employment and occupational outcomes of upper secondary education graduates from academic and vocational tracks in Italy. In particular, we formulate and test the hypothesis that – contrary to some common expectations – academic graduates outperform vocational graduates at a stage of occupational maturity, even when considering individuals without a tertiary degree. Moreover, we explore differences between tracks by gender as well as across geographical areas and city sizes. Thanks to the detailed information available in the PLUS data, we assess labor market outcomes adjusting for a rich set of socio-demographic characteristics and for early academic performance. The results corroborate our hypothesis and indicate that the advantage of academic graduates holds across genders, areas and different city sizes.","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43006207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Verso un approccio integrato alle transizioni scuola-lavoro: un confronto tra Italia e Austria","authors":"Ruggero Cefalo, Y. Kazepov","doi":"10.4000/qds.4153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.4153","url":null,"abstract":"Youth (un)employment and differences between countries gained increased attention in Europe. A relevant research strand on youth and transitions identifies the existence of different regimes or transition systems, building typologies based on analytical dimensions that refer to institutional traits and outcomes of labour market and education systems. In our contribution, we identify the main dimensions that produce stratified opportunities for youth, looking at existing typologies on school-to-work transition regimes and at the critical debate stressing the limits of such classifications. On the basis on these dimensions, we compare Italy and Austria, analyzing specific traits and recent developments in the transition systems. The two countries show marked differences and also mixed institutional traits. Therefore, the comparison allows us to illustrate our approach, aiming at integrating analytical dimensions not only for classification purposes, but rather to enrich our understanding of the relational dynamic underpinning school-to-work transitions.","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42386030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preface","authors":"Paolo Parra Saiani","doi":"10.4000/qds.4029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.4029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48230584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mario Cardano, Defending Qualitative Research. Design, Analysis, and Textualization","authors":"G. Gobo","doi":"10.4000/qds.3771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.3771","url":null,"abstract":"Un titolo fuorviante… La ricerca qualitativa e stata spesso criticata (spesso a torto, ma a volte anche giustamente) di non essere rigorosa e trasparente. Il bel libro di Cardano tenta di colmare questa lacuna, fornendo degli utili strumenti logici e retorici per dare fondamenti piu solidi alla ricerca qualitativa. A esser sinceri, appena letto il titolo, ho fatto un sobbalzo: e forse oggi in pericolo la ricerca qualitativa, per doverla “difendere”? Sotto attacco lo e stata sicuramente negli...","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48664754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gioventù e adultità nella società contemporanea: riflessioni sul dibattito suscitato dai cambiamenti del corso di vita","authors":"A. Spanò","doi":"10.4000/qds.2629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.2629","url":null,"abstract":"The processes of social change that affected society since the 1980s had significant effects on the life course. The economic and social transformations following the exit from the “salary society” – the precariousness of work, the rise in unemployment, the lengthening of educational pathways, the welfare state’s withdrawal – made transition to adulthood a longer and more difficult process than in the past, and have also determined a significant change in the adult condition, which today can no longer be considered synonymous with stability and acquired certainties. The debate generated by the changes occurred in the social structure has highlighted the need to rethink the conceptual tools by which the phases of life are defined and interpreted. In this article the terms of the debate are resumed, with particular reference to the thesis of those who argue that, since the changes are such as to determine a radical transformation in the condition of both youth and adulthood, the transitional perspective – traditionally adopted in analyzing the passage between these two phases of life – has to be replaced with an approach capable of accounting for the processes of change, recognizing the existence of a real generational shift.","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44863021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religions and migrations – old and new","authors":"J. Beckford","doi":"10.4000/qds.2599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.2599","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the most interesting and contentious issues that arise in connection with migration centre on religions and identities. This article begins by outlining the ways in which sociological research has already provided valuable insights into the complex intersections between religions and migrations. The second section of the article argues, however, that two of the less frequently studied questions about the intertwining of religions and migrations need to be examined in depth. They concern “forced” migration (particularly of children) and the implications of migration for the practice of religion in prisons. And the third section raises two of the ethical and policy-related issues that arise in connection with religions and migrations.","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42898274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discourses of being a Muslim woman in contemporary Hungary and the hijab paradox","authors":"Esra Aytar, P. Bodor","doi":"10.4000/qds.2609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.2609","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to investigate, on the one hand, the discourses of being a woman, an immigrant, and a Muslim in today’s Hungary. On the other hand, it endeavors to illustrate the multiple and diverse aspects of identity among Muslim women in Hungary. Qualitative methods, participant observations, and interviews are the main sources of empirical information. This paper presents and analyzes accounts related to wearing and not wearing the hijab among Muslim women living in Budapest, including immigrants and Hungarian convert women as well. The analyzed discourse segments pertain to presence of wearing the hijab in public spaces, and illustrate the different experiences and performances about our interviewees’ identity as a woman, a Muslim, and an immigrant, depending on their background, past and present experiences with their own group and with outer group/s. The data demonstrate various challenges of wearing the hijab, including, the phenomenon we describe as the “hijab paradox.” With this coined term, we attempt to delineate the paradoxical situation when the hijab is simultaneously the requisite for countering uninvited attention, in accordance with Muslim cultural habits and religious requirements, and, at the same time, the hijab is precisely the element that provokes unwanted attention from members of the host society. The collected materials indicate that Muslim women`s perception of their roles and multi- faceted identities within the Muslim and the Hungarian community influence what they consider a conflict, discrimination, and oppression, and how they cope with the tensions, the bigotry, and the oppression they face.","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43456849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is the concept of social class still useful?","authors":"A. Baldissera, A. Chiesi","doi":"10.4000/qds.2574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.2574","url":null,"abstract":"1. The problem What are the meanings of the term “social class”, which differs even in the works of Marx? Concept formation and the accurate definition of terms are the most important tools for the progress of the social sciences since, they allow for a clearer and finer distinction between different phenomena (Weber, 1904). Can a social class theory help us describe and explain, at least in part, the situation of economically advanced countries in recent decades? If so, which of the theories...","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47733708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La porta di cristallo: un nuovo indice per rilevare l’impatto di genere della riforma Gelmini sull’accesso alla professione accademica","authors":"Ilenia Picardi","doi":"10.4000/qds.2639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/qds.2639","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an analysis of the impact of Law 240/2010, known as Gelmini reform, on academic recruitment in the Italian system, in terms of gender equality. In analogy with the Glass Ceiling Index, that gives a measure of difficulties for women in moving into highest positions, The Glass Door Index is defined to quantify gender asymmetry in the access to tenured positions in academia. Subverting the received view, according to which equal opportunity in access to academic and research career is no more an issue, the analysis of data provided by the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research (MIUR) reveals significant differences between the careers of women and men at the earliest career stage, and shows the strengthening of a gendered selection in the access to the academic profession to the disadvantage of women, after the implementation of the reform.","PeriodicalId":55721,"journal":{"name":"Quaderni di Sociologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42058063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}