Vita Kartika Sari, M. Cahyadin, A. Ignasiak-Szulc, Riayati Ahmad
{"title":"Threshold Levels of Poverty and Unemployment Rates on Economic Growth in Indonesia during COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Vita Kartika Sari, M. Cahyadin, A. Ignasiak-Szulc, Riayati Ahmad","doi":"10.17977/um002v15i12023p074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v15i12023p074","url":null,"abstract":"During the COVID-19 pandemic, poverty and unemployment rates obstruct economic growth in Indonesia. Therefore, this study examines the threshold levels of poverty and unemployment rates on economic growth for 34 provinces in Indonesia in 2020 and 2021. Cross-section threshold regression is employed. Besides, the robustness check sets a non-linear cross-section regression. The findings reveal that threshold poverty rates in 2020 and 2021 were about 13.97% and 6.38%, respectively. At the same time, threshold unemployment rates were about 3.09% and 4.71%, respectively. Poverty and unemployment rates contributed significantly under U-shape in 2021 and 2020, respectively. The local government can emphasize lower poverty and unemployment rates to enhance economic growth in the long-term. ","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46583296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Waridin, I. Astawa, Made Ika Prastyadewi, Ika Suciati, Zulfikar Al-hafidz
{"title":"Utilization of The Ayung Watershed (DAS) as A Sustainable Tourism Attraction In Gianyar Regency","authors":"W. Waridin, I. Astawa, Made Ika Prastyadewi, Ika Suciati, Zulfikar Al-hafidz","doi":"10.17977/um002v15i12023p143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v15i12023p143","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to make a list of rules governing the existence and use of watersheds (DAS) in Ubud, try to internalize externalities of watershed utilization, and examine the role of stakeholders in managing watershed utilization in the tourism sector. The sample was selected through ABGC snowball sampling (Academic, Business, Government, and Community). Two types of data are used. Direct observation and in-depth interviews were used to collect primary data. Secondary data is taken from satellite imagery and MAPID.id. The analytical techniques used in this research include stakeholder analysis, descriptive analysis, and literature review. As a consequence of this study, the Tri Hita Karana idea, which was later ratified in a local regulation, was taken into consideration by the management of the Ayung Watershed in the tourism business. Rafting excursions are the only direct use of the Ayung watershed. In addition, the agropolitan and agro-tourism zones of Payangan Regency use water from the Ayung River. To combat the negative externalities associated with the use of the Ayung watershed for tourism, Tri Hita Karana is used. Stakeholders who have great influence and interest in protecting the Ayung Watershed include agriculture, LMDH Pesanggem, and Perhutani.","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45248323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rinny Apriliany Zakaria, G. Maski, Putu Mahardika Adi Saputra, Ahmed Mohamed Annegrat
{"title":"The Mundell-Fleming Trilemma Combination on Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Rinny Apriliany Zakaria, G. Maski, Putu Mahardika Adi Saputra, Ahmed Mohamed Annegrat","doi":"10.17977/um002v15i12023p050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v15i12023p050","url":null,"abstract":"The Mundell-Fleming trilemma hypothesis stated that a country could not simultaneously achieve exchange rate stability, financial integration, and monetary independence. The fixed exchange rate policy, free capital mobility, and monetary independence are trade-offs and impossible to run simultaneously. This research aims to identify the combination of the Mundell-Fleming trilemma formed in middle-income countries. Using the panel ARDL model, we found that the Mundell-Fleming trilemma tends to converge in the short run. While on the long run, middle-income countries tend to choose monetary independence and financial integration, resulting in a less stable exchange rate, as mentioned in the hypothesis","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46738357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intergovernmental Transfers Reduction Policy and Flypaper Effect: Case of Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia","authors":"Sherlita Nurosidah, M. Khusaini, Ferry Prasetyia","doi":"10.17977/um002v15i12023p001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v15i12023p001","url":null,"abstract":"This study empirically examines the influence of intergovernmental transfers and the fall of it to local government’s expenditure in Indonesia as well as the possibility of flypaper effect occurrence over pandemic. Over the years, in general, intergovernmental transfers in Indonesia was increasing since decentralization was applied in 2000 till the pandemic hit the country which made the regulator for the first time in 20 years decided to cut overall transfers for municipalities in order to recover economically. A set of cross-section data used in this study is the year 2020 from 34 provinces, 417 regencies, dan 91 cities. The result of pooled OLS regression model shows that flypaper effect does appear for all types of expenditures, such as total expenditure, capital expenditure, and operational expenditure of the local government. Asymmetric response of those three are quite varied. Total expenditure shows asymmetry whereas capital and operational expenditures find the opposite. ","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45110868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing Fiscal Sustainability in Indonesia","authors":"Nur Widiastuti, Ardyanto Fitrady, Tri Widodo","doi":"10.17977/um002v15i12023p101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v15i12023p101","url":null,"abstract":"Fiscal sustainability is a concern in many economies, especially with increasing government debt in many countries, including Indonesia. This study aims to analyze fiscal sustainability in Indonesia for the 1970-2018 period. There are two methods to measure fiscal sustainability: testing the stationarity of government debt using government budget constraints and estimating fiscal sustainability using the fiscal reaction function. Error Correction Model is used to estimate the fiscal reaction function. The fiscal sustainability test with the debt stationarity test and the fiscal reaction function had consistent results, indicating fiscal sustainability in Indonesia. The government responded well to the increase in debt by increasing the primary surplus. This study proves that the relationship between debt and primary balance is not linear or quadratic. It shows that initially, the government responds to an increase in debt by increasing its primary surplus. However, at a certain threshold, the government’s ability to respond will weaken, so the government needs to pay attention and maintain the size of the government debt ratio towards Gross Domestic Product with fiscal discipline and fiscal reform through strict regulations and prudent debt management. However, strict debt regulations can limit economic growth. Therefore, an accurate threshold calculation is needed to determine the maximum debt to encourage optimal economic growth.","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42580867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monetary Reaction Function in Indonesia During Inflation Targeting Period","authors":"Aloysius Deno Hervino, Insukindro Insukindro, Amirullah Setya Hardi, Sekar Utami Setiastuti","doi":"10.17977/um002v15i12023p060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v15i12023p060","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the monetary reaction function with shocks and the fear of floating phenomenon in the inflation targeting period in Indonesia. This study uses a new neoclassical synthesis approach. The unit root test result explains that all variables are stationary or I(0), and the long-run regression model is estimated. The results show that interest rates respond positively to future inflationary (counter-cyclical) in the log-run. The effect of triple shocks on interest rates in Indonesia is estimated using the Forward-Looking Model (FLM) and Error Correction Model (ECM). Using a predictive model performance (informal test), the best model in this study is FLM. In the short-run, only fluctuations in world oil prices significantly affect interest rates (counter-cyclical policy). Furthermore, BI's response to future inflation cannot be compared with BI's response to economic fluctuations, so this study has not been able to explain the significant effect of economic fluctuations on deposit interest rates. It means that the fear of the floating phenomenon cannot be explained in this study.","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45950951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Public Health Financing, Remittances, and Inclusive Growth in Resource-rich Countries: Evidence from Nigeria and Mozambique","authors":"S. Igbinedion, Favoured Mogbolu","doi":"10.17977/um002v15i12023p019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v15i12023p019","url":null,"abstract":"The persistent challenge of accelerating economic growth via government health expenditure has been widely acknowledged in extant literature. Though such government expenditures have impacted growth in some cases, but the desire to further stimulate growth has brought about the need to explore more options in that regard. Interestingly, remittance has evolved over time as an alternative. Yet, the relative impact of these two covariates in promoting inclusive growth in natural resource rich countries remains understudied in Africa.The study therefore examines the relative impact of both government health expenditure and personal remittances received on inclusive growth in the two resource-rich countries of Nigeria and Mozambique. Utilizing the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square Method (FMOLS) and the error correction mechanism on time series data for each of the two countries, the results revealed that economic fundamentals like government health expenditure, personal remittances received, and per capita income are of considerable significance in the task of enthroning inclusive growth in theresource-rich countries of Nigeria and Mozambique.","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43279652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human Capital and Environmental Quality in Cameroon","authors":"Neba Cletus Yah, Henri Ndame Makembe","doi":"10.17977/um002v14i22022p258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v14i22022p258","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of human capital, notably education, on environmental quality in Cameroon. Used is made of ARDL bound testing techniques to analyze annual data spanning the period 1971-2019. The data was obtained from the World Development Indicators published by the World Bank website. The results show a positive impact of human capital development on environmental quality. Also, evidence was found to support the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve in the context of Cameroon. These results indicate that the government of Cameroon can improve on its environmental quality by developing the human capital of its citizens. This can be done by enhancing environmental education in the country.","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46706731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. G. Qori’ah, Catur Sugiyanto, Amirullah Setya Hardi
{"title":"Will Demographic Changes Affect Monetary Policy with Interest Rate Shocks in Indonesia?","authors":"C. G. Qori’ah, Catur Sugiyanto, Amirullah Setya Hardi","doi":"10.17977/um002v14i22022p182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v14i22022p182","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in the demographic structure and its impact on the economy are becoming interesting issues in almost all countries in the world, including Indonesia. Until 2030, the working age group dominates almost 60 percent of the total population in Indonesia. This phenomenon is a valuable asset which should be used optimally. Moderate adjustment of interest rate policy is an effort applied by Bank Indonesia to maximize the access to credit and public savings. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of demographic aspects and the real sector on the effectiveness of monetary policy in the presence of interest rate shocks. This study employed time series data with a time period of 1987Q1 – 2020Q4 in Indonesia. The analysis was performed by using time varying parameter-vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) and fully modified-ordinary least square (FM-OLS). The results revealed that the population and the elderly population aspects had significant positive effects on the monetary policy, while the variable of productive age and the number of dependence aspects has significant negative effects. The relationship between the real sector and the monetary policy has a different relationship, such as a positive relationship between the savings and technology variables and the domestic credit variable which has a significant negative relationship with the monetary policy.","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46605233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Agbatogun, S. Oladeji, Adewale Abiodun Adegboye
{"title":"Estimating Inclusiveness of Growth in Sub-Sahara African Countries: a VAR Approach","authors":"K. Agbatogun, S. Oladeji, Adewale Abiodun Adegboye","doi":"10.17977/um002v14i22022p136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17977/um002v14i22022p136","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the interaction among income inequality, economic growth, and poverty with a view of assessing the extent of inclusiveness of growth in selected African countries. Using a dataset from World Development Indicators (WDI) and Standardized World Income Inequality Dataset (SWIID), the study adopted Vector AutoRegression (VAR) method in its econometric analysis. Its findings show that only \"West\" African countries exhibit partial traits of inclusiveness of growth. Thus, the study recommends the provision and implementation of distributional and growth-oriented macroeconomic policies, as well as investment in public infrastructure to spread the benefits of growth to all in African countries.","PeriodicalId":55668,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48185636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}