Artificial Life最新文献_第7页

The Evolution of Conformity, Malleability, and Influence in Simulated Online Agents 模拟在线代理的服从性、可塑性和影响力的演变。

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00413

Keith L. Downing

{"title":"The Evolution of Conformity, Malleability, and Influence in Simulated Online Agents","authors":"Keith L. Downing","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00413","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00413","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) tools that filter the information given to internet users, such as recommender systems and diverse personalizers, may be creating troubling long-term side effects to the obvious short-term conveniences. Many worry that these automated influencers can subtly and unwittingly nudge individuals toward conformity, thereby (somewhat paradoxically) restricting the choices of each agent and/or the population as a whole. In its various guises, this problem has labels such as filter bubble, echo chamber, and personalization polarization. One key danger of diversity reduction is that it plays into the hands of a cadre of self-interested online actors who can leverage conformity to more easily predict and then control users’ sentiments and behaviors, often in the direction of increased conformity and even greater ease of control. This emerging positive feedback loop and the compliance that fuels it are the focal points of this article, which presents several simple, abstract, agent-based models of both peer-to-peer and AI-to-user influence. One of these AI systems functions as a collaborative filter, whereas the other represents an actor the influential power of which derives directly from its ability to predict user behavior. Many versions of the model, with assorted parameter settings, display emergent polarization or universal convergence, but collaborative filtering exerts a weaker homogenizing force than expected. In addition, the combination of basic agents and a self-interested AI predictor yields an emergent positive feedback that can drive the agent population to complete conformity.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"29 4","pages":"394-420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10426976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reviewers of Volume 29 第 29 卷评论员

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_e_00419

引用次数: 0

Special Issue on Lifelike Computing Systems 栩栩如生的计算系统特刊。

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_e_00425

Anthony Stein;Sven Tomforde;Jean Botev;Peter R. Lewis

引用次数: 0

Artificial Collective Intelligence Engineering: A Survey of Concepts and Perspectives 人工集体智能工程：概念与观点概览》。

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00408

Roberto Casadei

{"title":"Artificial Collective Intelligence Engineering: A Survey of Concepts and Perspectives","authors":"Roberto Casadei","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00408","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00408","url":null,"abstract":"Collectiveness is an important property of many systems—both natural and artificial. By exploiting a large number of individuals, it is often possible to produce effects that go far beyond the capabilities of the smartest individuals or even to produce intelligent collective behavior out of not-so-intelligent individuals. Indeed, collective intelligence, namely, the capability of a group to act collectively in a seemingly intelligent way, is increasingly often a design goal of engineered computational systems—motivated by recent technoscientific trends like the Internet of Things, swarm robotics, and crowd computing, to name only a few. For several years, the collective intelligence observed in natural and artificial systems has served as a source of inspiration for engineering ideas, models, and mechanisms. Today, artificial and computational collective intelligence are recognized research topics, spanning various techniques, kinds of target systems, and application domains. However, there is still a lot of fragmentation in the research panorama of the topic within computer science, and the verticality of most communities and contributions makes it difficult to extract the core underlying ideas and frames of reference. The challenge is to identify, place in a common structure, and ultimately connect the different areas and methods addressing intelligent collectives. To address this gap, this article considers a set of broad scoping questions providing a map of collective intelligence research, mostly by the point of view of computer scientists and engineers. Accordingly, it covers preliminary notions, fundamental concepts, and the main research perspectives, identifying opportunities and challenges for researchers on artificial and computational collective intelligence engineering.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"29 4","pages":"433-467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9823817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: A Word from the Editors 编辑的一句话(社论29:4)。

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_e_00422

Alan Dorin;Susan Stepney

引用次数: 0

Does the Field of Nature-Inspired Computing Contribute to Achieving Lifelike Features? 自然启发计算领域是否有助于实现逼真的功能？

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00407

Alexandros Tzanetos

引用次数: 0

Assessing Model Requirements for Explainable AI: A Template and Exemplary Case Study 评估可解释人工智能的模型要求：一个模板和示范案例研究。

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00414

Michael Heider;Helena Stegherr;Richard Nordsieck;Jörg Hähner

{"title":"Assessing Model Requirements for Explainable AI: A Template and Exemplary Case Study","authors":"Michael Heider;Helena Stegherr;Richard Nordsieck;Jörg Hähner","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00414","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00414","url":null,"abstract":"In sociotechnical settings, human operators are increasingly assisted by decision support systems. By employing such systems, important properties of sociotechnical systems, such as self-adaptation and self-optimization, are expected to improve further. To be accepted by and engage efficiently with operators, decision support systems need to be able to provide explanations regarding the reasoning behind specific decisions. In this article, we propose the use of learning classifier systems (LCSs), a family of rule-based machine learning methods, to facilitate and highlight techniques to improve transparent decision-making. Furthermore, we present a novel approach to assessing application-specific explainability needs for the design of LCS models. For this, we propose an application-independent template of seven questions. We demonstrate the approach’s use in an interview-based case study for a manufacturing scenario. We find that the answers received do yield useful insights for a well-designed LCS model and requirements for stakeholders to engage actively with an intelligent agent.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"29 4","pages":"468-486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10508338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10408327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explorative Synthetic Biology in AI: Criteria of Relevance and a Taxonomy for Synthetic Models of Living and Cognitive Processes 人工智能中的探索性合成生物学:生命和认知过程合成模型的相关标准和分类

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00411

Luisa Damiano;Pasquale Stano

{"title":"Explorative Synthetic Biology in AI: Criteria of Relevance and a Taxonomy for Synthetic Models of Living and Cognitive Processes","authors":"Luisa Damiano;Pasquale Stano","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00411","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00411","url":null,"abstract":"This article tackles the topic of the special issue “Biology in AI: New Frontiers in Hardware, Software and Wetware Modeling of Cognition” in two ways. It addresses the problem of the relevance of hardware, software, and wetware models for the scientific understanding of biological cognition, and it clarifies the contributions that synthetic biology, construed as the synthetic exploration of cognition, can offer to artificial intelligence (AI). The research work proposed in this article is based on the idea that the relevance of hardware, software, and wetware models of biological and cognitive processes—that is, the concrete contribution that these models can make to the scientific understanding of life and cognition—is still unclear, mainly because of the lack of explicit criteria to assess in what ways synthetic models can support the experimental exploration of biological and cognitive phenomena. Our article draws on elements from cybernetic and autopoietic epistemology to define a framework of reference, for the synthetic study of life and cognition, capable of generating a set of assessment criteria and a classification of forms of relevance, for synthetic models, able to overcome the sterile, traditional polarization of their evaluation between mere imitation and full reproduction of the target processes. On the basis of these tools, we tentatively map the forms of relevance characterizing wetware models of living and cognitive processes that synthetic biology can produce and outline a programmatic direction for the development of “organizationally relevant approaches” applying synthetic biology techniques to the investigative field of (embodied) AI.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"29 3","pages":"367-387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10172559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The Elements of Intelligence 智力的要素

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00410

Christoph Adami

引用次数: 0

Perspectives on Computation in Plants 植物计算研究进展

IF 2.6 4区计算机科学

Artificial Life Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1162/artl_a_00396

Emanuela Del Dottore;Barbara Mazzolai

{"title":"Perspectives on Computation in Plants","authors":"Emanuela Del Dottore;Barbara Mazzolai","doi":"10.1162/artl_a_00396","DOIUrl":"10.1162/artl_a_00396","url":null,"abstract":"Plants thrive in virtually all natural and human-adapted environments and are becoming popular models for developing robotics systems because of their strategies of morphological and behavioral adaptation. Such adaptation and high plasticity offer new approaches for designing, modeling, and controlling artificial systems acting in unstructured scenarios. At the same time, the development of artifacts based on their working principles reveals how plants promote innovative approaches for preservation and management plans and opens new applications for engineering-driven plant science. Environmentally mediated growth patterns (e.g., tropisms) are clear examples of adaptive behaviors displayed through morphological phenotyping. Plants also create networks with other plants through subterranean roots–fungi symbiosis and use these networks to exchange resources or warning signals. This article discusses the functional behaviors of plants and shows the close similarities with a perceptron-like model that could act as a behavior-based control model in plants. We begin by analyzing communication rules and growth behaviors of plants; we then show how we translated plant behaviors into algorithmic solutions for bioinspired robot controllers; and finally, we discuss how those solutions can be extended to embrace original approaches to networking and robotics control architectures.","PeriodicalId":55574,"journal":{"name":"Artificial Life","volume":"29 3","pages":"336-350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10170779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0