Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Climate and soil nutrients generate distinct diversity patterns across four elevational gradients within the same region","authors":"Zhongping Tian ,&nbsp;Wenlong Chen ,&nbsp;Mierkamili Maimaiti ,&nbsp;Erfan Akberjan ,&nbsp;Ming Ni ,&nbsp;Zhihao Su ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Haiying Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerous researchers have endeavored to discover a general explanation for elevational diversity gradients, but we remain unclear whether similar diversity patterns and driving factors exist for the same life-forms along different elevational gradients within the same region. In the Ili Valley of the Central Asia Biodiversity Hotspot, we selected four elevational gradients with similar species pools and evolutionary histories to assess the factors influencing of elevational diversity pattern. Our findings indicate distinct patterns of species diversity for the same life-forms along the four elevational gradients within the same region. The species richness and abundance of woody plants are primarily controlled by climate-based factors (i.e., minimum temperature, temperature seasonality, mean annual precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration) along four elevational diversity gradients in the Ili Valley, while the species richness and abundance of herbaceous plants are primarily influenced by both climate and soil nutrients (i.e., soil organic carbon). In conclusion, climate is an important driver of species diversity for woody plants, and that the driving mechanisms of herbaceous plant diversity along elevational gradients should consider both climate and soil nutrients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104018"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population density affects propensity to share gall space in a primitively social aphid","authors":"Clara M.J. Buchholtz ,&nbsp;Donald G. Miller III","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the vast majority of gall insects, solitary establishment of a gall is the rule, but the primitively social aphid <em>Tamalia coweni</em> exhibits communal gall occupation under conditions of increased competition for gall sites. Here we tested the hypothesis that gall-sharing rates are a function of variable population densities in galls and on leaves of the host plant. Current results, observed under natural density and temporal variation, demonstrate that population density is a strong predictor of co-occupation rates. Although basal leaf positions were more frequently chosen as gall-induction sites than distal ones, there was no evidence these sites were more likely to be co-occupied. In addition to spatial constraints, temporal constraints may be important in mediating primitive sociality in <em>T. coweni</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104019"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity of polypores inhabiting Populus tremula L. within regenerating stands of the Białowieża Primeval Forest (E Poland)","authors":"Grzegorz Kuryło ,&nbsp;Piotr T. Zaniewski ,&nbsp;Leszek Bolibok ,&nbsp;Andrzej Szczepkowski","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2024.104010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human-induced disturbances have a significant impact on populations of polypores. In the 20th century, Białowieża Primeval Forest (BPF) was strongly affected by harvesting disturbance. As a result of natural regeneration, forest stands are composed predominantly of pioneer species regenerated in harvested areas. We asked how substrate type, stand age, site conditions, substrate size, and decay stage of post-clearcut stands affect species richness and composition of polypore communities inhabiting aspen <em>Populus tremula</em>.</p><p>Data was collected in broadleaf stands representing two levels of site conditions (mesic and wet) and two categories of age (young 30–60 years and old 80–110 years old), seven stands for each factor combination, a total of 28. In each forest stand 11 sampling plots were systematically established where basidiomata were registered on a 4-m fragment of the nearest log and up to a 4-m height of the nearest living aspen tree, a total of 308 samples for each substrate category. Due to the hierarchical structure of data, the influence of environmental variables on number of species registered was modeled with mixed effect models. The influence of environmental factors on polypore composition was assessed with db-RDA models.</p><p>Twenty-five species of polypores were found, including seven red-listed and one legally protected in Poland. The number of observed polypore species was significantly higher on logs and in older stands, but site conditions did not influence it. The stand age influenced the number of species on living trees but not on logs. The increase in log diameter and moderately advanced decay stage positively affected species number. The same factors were found to impact polypore community composition. The results confirm the high importance of aspen for polypore diversity maintenance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141595569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of artificial night lighting on a web-building spider species in urban green spaces","authors":"Shun Fuse ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Yoshida ,&nbsp;Yuta Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2024.104017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urban green spaces are biological habitats that play an important role in maintaining urban biodiversity and are affected by artificial light at night (ALAN). Determining the effects of ALAN on predators in urban green spaces is important for promoting the maintenance and conservation of these functions of insect communities in urban green spaces. We investigated the effects of ALAN on a web-building spider species (<em>Trichonephila clavata</em>) in urban green spaces in the Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan. We used a GPS receiver to determine the positions of streetlights and spider webs and classified the webs into two groups: those within the reach of streetlights and those outside their range. We then measured the web distribution (web density), web size, female traits (femur length and body weight), and male presence. Web densities in the light conditions were higher and web sizes smaller than those of webs in the no light conditions. Female body weight and length were also significantly lower in the light conditions than in the no light conditions. However, female body condition and male abundance did not differ between the light and no light conditions. Our results showed that <em>T. clavata</em> maintains some degree of fitness in urban fragmented green spaces although their physical characteristics and behaviour are altered by ALAN. Therefore, we suggest that measures to improve the quality within green infrastructure are required to maintain the function of generalist predators such as web-building spiders in urban green spaces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104017"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specialist fig-consuming lepidopterans can inflict costs to plant reproductive success that are mitigated by ant bodyguards","authors":"Lisette van Kolfschoten ,&nbsp;Miriam Adu Asantewaa ,&nbsp;Lovisa Dück ,&nbsp;Simon T. Segar ,&nbsp;K. Charlotte Jandér","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2024.104016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insect herbivores can inflict substantial costs on plant reproductive success. Seed herbivory impacts directly by reducing the number of seeds and therefore the dispersal and reproductive potential of the plant. Fig trees, <em>Ficus</em>, provide keystone resources for tropical forests. The pollinating fig wasps develop inside figs, so consumption of unripe figs results in trees not only losing seeds but also their pollen dispersers. Selection to defend figs should therefore be strong. Seed herbivory is understudied in tropical forests and most data has been collected from fallen fruits. Here we use canopy sampling to identify fig-consuming larvae in central Panama and quantify both their consequences for the fig trees’ reproductive success and the defensive value that ants provide against these larvae. Field surveys of 46 crops from nine fig species revealed that larvae could destroy up to 80% of figs on a tree. From seven <em>Ficus</em> species we barcoded (using COI) 51 individual fig consuming larvae (mainly Lepidoptera) that grouped into seven molecular operational taxonomic units. Lepidopteran larvae formed two feeding strategies, either stationary within a fig or tunneling between figs. Within the context of our study, stationary larvae were specialists whereas tunneling larvae were either specialists or generalists found on different <em>Ficus</em> species. Trees with ants had significantly fewer figs consumed by larvae (9% ± 17% (mean ± SD) for trees with azteca ants and 16% ± 24% for trees with other ants) than did trees without ants (51% ± 27%). Our results corroborate earlier findings that hosting ants can be an effective defensive mechanism for trees against seed herbivores or other antagonistic insects. Our study contributes to a wider body of research around the networks of insects associated with figs that highlights the importance of a multitrophic approach for understanding mutualism stability and persistence in the face of antagonism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104016"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1146609X24000389/pdfft?md5=106eac5507d7099117b61d40b81bdc8d&pid=1-s2.0-S1146609X24000389-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141485006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predator movements are impacted by anthropogenic disturbance in a managed, forested landscape of East Texas","authors":"Courtney J. Marneweck,&nbsp;W Maartin Strauss ,&nbsp;Kerry Slater,&nbsp;Haemish I. Melville","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2024.104013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104013"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1146609X24000353/pdfft?md5=68795c5dd00914fd07a0cec8c0b8ddec&pid=1-s2.0-S1146609X24000353-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape factors affecting the amphibian occurrence on roads: An assessment focusing on differences between live and dead animals","authors":"Eiki Aikawa ,&nbsp;Masayuki U. Saito","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2024.104015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amphibians are one of the taxa that are particularly vulnerable to roads and traffic. To mitigate amphibian roadkill, previous studies have used dead animal data to identify road segments with high risk of roadkill. However, the estimation using dead animal data may be spatially biased by traffic and scavenging. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the factors affecting occurrence of both live and dead amphibians on roads. We conducted a comprehensive route census and counted the occurrence of live and dead amphibians on road between July and October 2022 and May and October 2023. Additionally, we investigated the change of traffic and removal of dead animals along landscape gradient. We constructed joint species distribution models to explain the occurrence of live and dead animals by landscape factors. From these analyses, we compared the landscape factor affecting amphibian occurrence between live and dead animals. We observed 755 live and 483 dead animals of 11 species during all surveys. Effects of proportion of surrounding paddy fields differed between live and dead animals for many of target species. Dead animals were more likely to be detected in the intermediate landscape than live animals. Traffic volume was the highest in the intermediate landscape, which have caused many dead animals there. Differences in occurrence between live and dead animals for some species could not be sufficiently explained by traffic and removal of dead animals. We emphasized the importance to consider obtaining information not only from dead animals, but live animals to mitigate amphibian roadkill.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant nutrient stoichiometry appears out of sync from soil: Increasing influences of changing climate on the grassland in inner Mongolia, China","authors":"Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Deng ,&nbsp;Lili Chen ,&nbsp;Guiyao Liu ,&nbsp;Xinrong Shi ,&nbsp;Thomas Ryan Lock ,&nbsp;Robert L. Kallenbach ,&nbsp;Zhiyou Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2024.104011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extremes in weather episodes seem to be the new normal. We need to better understand how changing climatic conditions alter plant growth in grasslands, especially macro nutrient uptake and stoichiometry. However, few studies have examined how warmer/colder or wetter/drier climates influence the nutrient coupling between plants and soils at the ecosystem level. Here, we investigated the changes in carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) concentrations and their stoichiometric ratios in plants and soils from 65 grassland sites along a geographic gradient in northern China. Results showed that soil C, N and P were negatively correlated with temperature and aridity. Plant N was positively correlated with temperature and aridity, but plant P was negatively correlated with temperature and aridity. Plant C had no significant relationship with either aridity or temperature. Both temperature and aridity were positively correlated with C:N, but negatively correlated with C:P and N:P in soils. The ratio of plant C:N was negatively correlated with aridity, while plant C:P was positively correlated with temperature. Plant N:P was positively correlated with temperature and aridity. Our findings imply that the often-found positive relationships between plant and soil nutrients at one site might not apply to a broad geographic scale with varying climatic conditions, likely because of the “dilution effect” and disparate plant nutrient utilization strategies. It is conceivable that rapid climate shifts and the resulting changes in element availability, turnover rates, absorption, and use efficiency might cause desynchrony of C, N, and P cycles between plants and soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104011"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141438049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between reproduction, growth, and tolerance to herbivory for the endangered plant clay phacelia (Phacelia argillacea)","authors":"Michael T. Stevens,&nbsp;Sydney O.H. McGovern ,&nbsp;Laine S. Smith,&nbsp;Hailey E. Sermersheim,&nbsp;Joseph S. Fife","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2024.104014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The endangered plant clay phacelia (<em>Phacelia argillacea</em>) is endemic to Spanish Fork Canyon, Utah, USA. In addition to habitat loss and abiotic stressors, herbivory is one of clay phacelia's major threats, but negative effects of herbivory have not been quantified. To examine the effects of simulated herbivory by small mammals, we grew 300 clay phacelia plants in a greenhouse (20 replicates of 15 half-sibling families). After six months of growth, half of the plants were randomly assigned to a defoliation treatment that mimicked herbivory from ground squirrels. After providing additional time for growth and natural pollination, we collected seeds and harvested shoots and roots from a subset of the plants. Among the 15 half-sibling families, we found significant genetic variation in shoot mass and a significant correlation between total mass when defoliated and undefoliated, suggesting a strong genetic component to growth. Defoliation significantly reduced seed production, shoot production and root production by 29%, 32%, and 35%, respectively. For these traits, interactions between family (F) and defoliation (D) were not statistically significant, suggesting fixation for tolerance to herbivory. In contrast, for root-to-shoot ratio, there was a statistically significant F × D interaction, revealing genetic variation for tolerance to herbivory. Depending on the type, intensity, and timing of herbivory, clay phacelia may benefit from either increased allocation to shoots or to roots. In fact, tolerance in terms of reproduction was correlated with shoot mass when defoliated, while tolerance in terms of growth was correlated with root mass when defoliated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104014"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropogenic features are the most important drivers of striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) space use in a human-dominated Midwestern landscape","authors":"Nathan J. Proudman ,&nbsp;Maximilian L. Allen","doi":"10.1016/j.actao.2024.104012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2024.104012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Striped skunks (<em>Mephitis mephitis</em>) are widespread generalist mesocarnivores that occur in a variety of habitats and are often associated with anthropogenic environments. They are also highly persecuted by humans, however, due to their noxious smell and propensity to carry disease. Consequently, the species is relatively understudied and there is still much unknown about the factors that affect their occurrences. To determine the probability of use patterns of striped skunks at the local (within 100 m) and landscape (within 1 km) scales, we deployed 46 and 54 motion-activated cameras between Dec 2021–Jun 2022 and Nov 2022–May 2023, respectively, across sites throughout the state of Illinois. We used an <em>a priori</em>, hypothesis-based approach to model striped skunk occupancy. The best local-scale probability of use model included road density and urban edge (<em>w</em> = 0.79), suggesting an avoidance of roads and selection for the interfaces of urban environments by skunks. The best model at the landscape scale included the interaction of housing density and coyote (<em>Canis latrans</em>) relative abundance (<em>w</em> = 0.31), describing a spatial niche differentiation among coyotes and skunks in urban settings compared to rural environments. Overall, our results suggest the primary drivers of striped skunk use in Illinois are anthropogenic features, but there exists a nuanced relationship, confirming the species’ designation as synanthropic misanthrope. Meanwhile, humans may mediate shifts in space-use patterns among sympatric mesocarnivores due to an expansion and divergence of ecological niches, resulting in reduced spatial overlap and competitive pressures among species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55564,"journal":{"name":"Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 104012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1146609X24000341/pdfft?md5=91986e6d5ea76dcf9ba38c8e77ca162b&pid=1-s2.0-S1146609X24000341-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}