Anales De Psicologia最新文献

{"title":"Interpersonal forgiveness: validation of the Enright Forgiveness Inventory (EFI-30) in the Spanish sample","authors":"Agata Kasprzak, P. Martinez-Diaz, Clara Molinero Caparrós, R. Enright","doi":"10.6018/analesps.522011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.522011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of interpersonal forgiveness after a specific offense for improving the health and well-being of individuals. Despite its importance, there is an evident lack of forgiveness evaluation instruments adapted to the Spanish context. The Enright Forgiveness Inventory (EFI-30) is the questionnaire that implements one of the most established and recognized theoretical models in the area of forgiveness. The aim of the present study is to adapt the EFI-30 for the Spanish population and evaluate its psychometric properties. Method: A sample of 426 undergraduate and graduate students (98 men, 328 women) aged from 18 to 30 years (M = 21.24; SD = 2.91), completed the EFI-30 after its adaptation to the Spanish context, as well as the Transgression Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM-18), the Remedial Strategies Scale (RSS) and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: The Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed a good fit to the original six-factor structure (CFI = .91, TLI = .90, IFI = .91, RMSEA = .067). The reliability of these subscales and the instrument was similar to the original version. The results showed adequate criteria and convergent validity. Conclusions: The EFI-30 shows adequate psychometric properties within the Spanish context and is an appropriate instrument for evaluating interpersonal forgiveness of a specific offense in research and clinical intervention.\u0000 Antecedentes: Diversos estudios demuestran la relevancia del perdón interpersonal tras una ofensa para mejorar la salud y el bienestar. A pesar de su importancia, es evidente la falta de instrumentos de evaluación del perdón adaptados al contexto español. El Enright Forgiveness Inventory (EFI-30) es el instrumento que operacionaliza uno de los modelos teóricos más asentados y reconocidos en el área del perdón a nivel mundial. El objetivo del presente estudio es adaptar el EFI-30 a la población española y revisar suspropiedades psicométricas. Método: 426 estudiantes de grado y máster (98 hombres y 328 mujeres) con edades entre 18 y 30 años (M = 21.24; DE = 2.91), completaron el EFI-30 tras su adaptación, así como Transgression Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM-18), Remedial Strategies Scale (RSS) y Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Resultados: El Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio indicó buen ajuste a la estructura original de seis factores (CFI = .91, TLI = .90, IFI = .91, RMSEA = .067). La fiabilidad de las subescalas y del instrumento general fue buena, similar a la versión original. Los resultados mostraron adecuada validez convergente y de criterio. Conclusiones: EFI-30 muestra adecuadas propiedades psicométricas en un contexto español, siendo una medida apropiada para evaluar el perdón interpersonal de una ofensa especifica en al ámbito de la investigación e intervención clínica.","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45462233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and emotional loneliness among older people living in Nursing Homes in Spain: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Miriam Molas Tuneu, Javier Jerez Roig, Eduard Minobes Molina, Laura Coll Planas, Anna Escribà Salvans, Pau Farrés Godayol, Meltem Yildirim, Sandra Rierola Fochs, Ester Goutan Roura, Dyego Leandro Bezerra de Souza, Dawn A. Skelton, Jordi Naudó Molist","doi":"10.6018/analesps.530641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.530641","url":null,"abstract":"Loneliness, little studied in Nursing Homes (NHs), can affect physical and mental health. We aimed to analyze the factors associated with overall, social, and emotional loneliness in 65 residents of 5 NHs from Central Catalonia (Spain), and to verify its prevalence. The sample consisted of 81.5% women with a mean age of 84±7.13 years. The cross-sectional study included older adults aged 65 or over and with preserved cognitive status. De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale was used to assess overall loneliness and its subtypes; and sociodemographic and health-related variables were collected. The chi-square (or Fisher’s) test and logistic regression were used for bivariate and multivariate analysis respectively. Prevalence of overall loneliness was 70.7% (95%CI:58.2-81.4), social loneliness 44.6% (95% CI: 33.1-56.6) and emotional loneliness 46.2% (95% CI: 34.5–58.1). Overall loneliness was associated with lower perceived quality of life (Odds Ratio-OR = 5.52, 95% CI:1.25-24.38) and NHs with state subsidized places (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: .05-.74); social loneliness with having 0-1 children (OR = .25, 95% CI: .08-.77), and emotional loneliness with depression (OR = 4.54, 95% CI: 1.28-16.08) and urinary incontinence (UI) (OR = 4.65, 95% CI: 1.23-17.52). Loneliness was present in almost 71% of residents and was associated with type of NH and poorer quality of life, the emotional with depression and UI and the social one with having less than 2 children. La soledad, poco estudiada en las residencias de ancianos, puede afectar a la salud física y mental. Nuestro objetivo es analizar los factores asociados a la soledad global, social y emocional de un total de 65 residentes de 5 residencias de la Cataluña Central (España), y comprobar su prevalencia. La muestra estuvo formada por 81.5% mujeres con una edad media de 84±7.13 años. El estudio transversal incluyó a adultos mayores de 65 años y con estado cognitivo preservado. Se utilizó la Escala de Soledad de De Jong Gierveld para evaluar la soledad general y sus subtipos; y se recogieron variables sociodemográficas y relacionadas con la salud. Se utilizó la prueba de chi-cuadrado (o de Fisher) y la regresión logística para el análisis bivariante y multivariante, respectivamente. La prevalencia de la soledad global fue del 70.7% (IC 95%: 58.2-81.4), la soledad social del 44.6% (IC 95%: 33.1-56.6) y la soledad emocional del 46.2% (IC 95%: 34.5-58.1). La soledad global se asoció con una menor calidad de vida percibida (Odds Ratio-OR = 5.52, IC 95%: 1.25-24.38) y las residencias concertadas (OR = 0.19, IC 95%: 0.05-0. 74); la soledad social con tener 0-1 hijos (OR = 0.25, IC 95%: 0.08-0.77), y la soledad emocional con la depresión (OR = 4.54, IC 95%: 1.28-16.08) y la incontinencia urinaria (UI) (OR = 4.65, IC 95%: 1.23-17.52). La soledad estuvo presente en casi el 71% de los residentes y se asoció con el tipo de residencia y la peor calidad de vida, la emocional con la depresión y la IU y la social con tener menos de ","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135182177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A thematic study of creativity research in Spain within the social sciences and psychology","authors":"Giorgio De-Marchis, S. Shchebetenko","doi":"10.6018/analesps.461411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.461411","url":null,"abstract":"Creativity is becoming one necessary human skill in a world where robots increasingly outperform people in daily routines. In order to efficiently develop creativity as a research field, scholars need to know where they are. We employed a bibliometric approach to study themes and characteristics of creativity research in Spain. The results indicated that publication production in the field has been growing during the last decades. Compared to psychology, creativity in the social sciences seemed to be an undercited, local, and endogamic area. For social sciences, motor themes in the last decade were a) creativity in children and students in the educational environment, b) innovation and knowledge creation in a working environment, and c) cities and creativity. The motor themes in psychology were a) individual characteristics for generating insights (e.g., skills, improvisation, executive functions) and b) emotional intelligence. We suggest some themes for future research, such as creative collaboration in virtual environments, value co-creation, and how machines can help humans boost their creativity.\u0000 La creatividad se está convirtiendo en una habilidad necesaria en un mundo donde los robots superan cada vez más a las personas en las rutinas diarias. Para desarrollar eficientemente el campo de investigación de la creatividad, los académicos necesitan saber dónde están. Este artículo utiliza un enfoque bibliométrico para estudiar temas y características de la investigación en creatividad en España. Los resultados indican que la producción ha ido creciendo durante las últimas décadas. En comparación con la psicología, la creatividad en las ciencias sociales parece ser un área poco citada, local y endogámica. Para las ciencias sociales, los temas motores en la última década fueron a) la creatividad en niños y estudiantes en un entorno educativo, b) la innovación y creación de conocimiento en un entorno laboral, y c) las ciudades creativas. Los temas motores en psicología han sido a) las características individuales para generar conocimientos (por ejemplo, habilidades, improvisación, funciones ejecutivas) y b) la inteligencia emocional. Sugerimos algunos temas para futuras investigaciones, como la colaboración creativa en un entorno virtual, la co-creación de valor, y cómo las máquinas pueden ayudar a los humanos a impulsar su creatividad.","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45998072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-suicidal self-injury in young adults with and without borderline personality disorder: the role of emotion dysregulation and negative urgency","authors":"Carlos Schmidt, Laia Briones-Buixassa, Stella Nicolaou, J. Soler, J. Pascual, Daniel Vega","doi":"10.6018/analesps.492631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.492631","url":null,"abstract":"Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as self-inflicted pain, and it is used as a mechanism to alleviate psychological distress. Although NSSI is prevalent in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), it is also an increasing concern among college student populations. While emotion dysregulation and negative urgency are associated with NSSI, little is known about which dimensions specifically predict the motivations (NSSI-functions) and frequency of self-harm. The current study explored the relationship between emotion dysregulation, negative urgency, and NSSI in 86 young adults, divided into three groups: college students with NSSI, BPD patients with NSSI, and a healthy control group without NSSI. We conducted multiple regression analyses to predicted NSSI-functions and NSSI-frequency. Non-acceptance of emotions, a specific dimension of emotion dysregulation, uniquely predicted intrapersonal NSSI-functions (e.g., regulating distressing emotions), but not interpersonal NSSI-functions (e.g., communicating distress). Lastly, poor emotion regulation strategies predicted NSSI-frequency only in individuals with high negative urgency, that is, individuals who tend to act impulsively when experiencing negative emotions, but not in those with low negative urgency. Findings shed light on the underlying motivations for engaging in self-injury, and they reveal facets of emotion dysregulation relevant for NSSI treatment.\u0000 La Autolesión No Suicida (ANS) se define como un dolor auto-infligido que se utiliza como un mecanismo para aliviar la angustia psicológica. Aunque ANS es común en el trastorno límite de la personalidad (TLP), también es un problema creciente en estudiantes universitarios. Si bien la desregulación emocional y la urgencia negativa están asociadas con ANS, poco se sabe sobre las dimensiones específicas que predicen la motivación (funciones) y la frecuencia de las autolesiones. Se exploró la relación entre la desregulación emocional, la urgencia negativa, y ANS en 86 adultos jóvenes, divididos en tres grupos: estudiantes universitarios con ANS, pacientes TLP con ANS y un grupo de control sano sin ANS. Realizamos análisis de regresión múltiple para predecir las funciones y frecuencia de ANS. La no aceptación de las emociones, una dimensión especifica de la desregulación emocional, predijo de manera única las funciones intrapersonales de ANS, pero no las funciones interpersonales. Por último, la falta de estrategias de regulación emocional predijo la frecuencia de ANS solo en individuos con una alta urgencia negativa, es decir, individuos que tienden a actuar impulsivamente cuando experimentan emociones negativas, pero no en aquellos con una baja urgencia negativa. Los hallazgos resaltan las motivaciones subyacentes a la autolesión y revelan facetas de la desregulación emocional relevantes para el tratamiento de ANS.","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44444492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spanish version of the Metacognition Self-Assessment Scale (MSAS) for adults","authors":"Carlos Fernández-Rubio, Rafael J Martínez-Cervantes, C. Senín-Calderón, J. F. Rodríguez-Testal","doi":"10.6018/analesps.537351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.537351","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although there are other tools in the Spanish language for assessing metacognition, there is no other that is as quick, simple and multidimensional as the Metacognition Self-Assessment Scale (MSAS). Objectives: Adapt and validate the MSAS to Spanish. Method: The sample consisted of 973 volunteers, 68.3% women and mean age of 27.9 years (SD = 12.68). Results: The internal consistency of the Spanish adaptation was generally adequate with a total α = .830, and from α = .658 to .826 for the factors. The original four-factor structure (Self-Reflexivity, Critical Distance, Mastery and Understanding Other Minds) showed adequate fit indices. The evidence of concurrent criterion validity indices was not as expected. Indications of discriminant validity were the low Self-Reflexivity scores of participants with a psychopathological history (d = .222) or psychological treatment (d = .326); in Mastery by those under psychological treatment (d = .345) or medication (d = .482), and in Critical distance for medication (d = .419). Conclusion: The Spanish adaptation and validation of the MSAS seems adequate for assessing metacognition and its subcomponents in the general population, opening a wide field of clinical and research applications.\u0000 Antecedentes: Aunque existen otras herramientas en español para evaluar la metacognición, no hay una versión disponible desde una perspectiva multidimensional como la Escala de Autoevaluación de la Metacognición (Metacognition Self-Assessment Scale, MSAS), que tiene además la ventaja de ser sencilla y rápida en su aplicación. Objetivos: Adaptar y validar la escala MSAS al español. Método: Participaron 975 voluntarios/as, 68.2% mujeres, edad media de 27.9 años (DT = 12.68). Resultados: Los valores psicométricos de la adaptación al español son adecuados, α = .830 (total), y entre α = .658 y .826 (factores). La estructura factorial original de cuatro factores (Autorreflexividad, Distancia Crítica, Maestría y Comprensión de Mentes Ajenas) muestra adecuados índices de ajuste. Sin embargo, los indicios de validez de criterio no han sido los esperados. Los indicadores de validez discriminante fueron bajos en los participantes con antecedentes psicopatológicos (d = .222) y tratamiento psicológico (d = .326) en el factor Autorreflexividad; en el factor Dominio entre los que estaban bajo tratamiento psicológico (d = .345) y tenían prescrita medicación (d = .482), y en el factor Distancia crítica para los participantes con medicación (d = .419). Conclusión: La adaptación y validación de la MSAS en español para población general parece adecuada para evaluar la metacognición y sus subcomponentes, abriendo un amplio campo de aplicaciones tanto clínicas como de investigación.","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44036642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study on emotional labor and work-family conflict in caregivers working in nursing homes","authors":"C. Andrade, Paula Costa Neves","doi":"10.6018/analesps.517651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.517651","url":null,"abstract":"Despite evidence suggesting that care work involves the performance of emotional labor an experience of work-family conflict, the relation of these two work experiences remain under-examined. The present study aims to fill this gap by exploring the experiences of performing emotional labor and work-family conflict and their links among caregivers working in nursing homes. To address the research question, we used semi-structured interviews with a sample of 24 female caregivers working full-time in nursing homes in the center and north of Portugal. The results revealed the presence of emotional labor, work-family conflict, and an impact of emotional labor in strain-based work-family conflict. Overall, the results suggested that emotional labor has effects on work-family conflict, pointing to the need that directors of elderly care institutions should consider ways of reducing these harmful effects on workers.\u0000 A pesar de la evidencia que sugiere que el trabajo de cuidado implica la realización de trabajo emocional y experiencias de conflicto trabajo-familia, la relación de estas dos experiencias de trabajo sigue sin ser examinada. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar las experiencias de desempeño del trabajo emocional y el conflicto trabajo-familia y sus vínculos entre los cuidadores que trabajan en hogares de ancianos. Para abordar la pregunta de investigación, utilizamos entrevistas semiestructuradas con una muestra de 24 mujeres cuidadoras que trabajan a tiempo completo en residencias de ancianos en el centro y norte de Portugal. Los resultados revelaron la presencia de trabajo emocional, Conflicto Trabajo-Familia y un impacto del trabajo emocional en Conflicto Trabajo-Familia basado en la tensión. En general, los resultados sugirieron que el trabajo emocional tiene efectos en Conflicto Trabajo-Familia, lo que apunta a la necesidad de que los directores de las instituciones de cuidado de ancianos consideren formas de reducir estos efectos nocivos en los trabajadores.","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42009516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of early reading and writing intervention on Spanish school children","authors":"María-Jose González- Valenzuela, Isaías Martín Ruiz","doi":"10.6018/analesps.472161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.472161","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyse the reading and writing achievement of Spanish school children following an intervention conducted at an early age. The purpose of the intervention is to prioritise and systematise instruction in the alphabetic principles, phonological awareness, reading fluency, vocabulary, and text comprehension. The sample consists of 126 subjects, distributed between an instructed group (n=62) and an uninstructed group (n = 64). All the subjects were from average socio-cultural areas, with normal intelligence and with no physical, mental, and/or sensory deficits. Subjects were evaluated from the second year of Early Years Education (4 years of age) up to the first year of Primary Education (six years of age). The design was longitudinal with repeated measurements (four assessments), three intervention phases, two study variables (reading achievement and writing achievement), and two groups of subjects. Descriptive statistical analysis and repeated measures analyses of variance were performed. The results obtained indicate higher scores in reading and writing throughout all the assessments and significantly greater progress in the instructed group. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of early intervention in written language through systematic instruction in phonological awareness, the alphabetic principles, reading fluency, vocabulary, and text comprehension.\u0000 El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el rendimiento en lectura y escritura en estudiantes españoles, tras su intervención desde edades tempranas. La finalidad de la intervención es priorizar y sistematizar la instrucción en principio alfabético, conciencia fonológica, fluidez lectoescritora, vocabulario y comprensión textual. La muestra está formada por 126 sujetos, distribuidos en grupo instruido (n=62) y grupo no instruido (n = 64), pertenecientes a zonas socioculturales medias, con inteligencia normal y sin déficits físicos, psíquicos y/o sensoriales. Los sujetos son evaluados desde 2º curso de Educación Infantil (cuatro años) hasta 1º curso de Educación Primaria (seis años). El diseño es longitudinal con medidas repetidas (cuatro evaluaciones), tres fases de intervención y dos variables de estudio (Rendimiento en Lectura y Rendimiento en Escritura) y dos grupos de sujetos. Se realizan análisis estadísticos descriptivos y análisis de varianza de medidas repetidas. Los resultados obtenidos indican mejores puntuaciones en lectura y escritura a lo largo de todas las evaluaciones y un avance significativamente mayor en el grupo instruido. Estos resultados demuestran la eficacia de una intervención temprana del lenguaje escrito a través de la instrucción sistemática en conciencia fonológica, principio alfabético, fluidez lectoescritora, vocabulario y comprensión textual.","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44874050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it quality, is it redundancy, or is model inadequacy? Some strategies for judging the appropriateness of high-discrimination items","authors":"P. J. Ferrando, F. Morales-Vives","doi":"10.6018/analesps.535781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.535781","url":null,"abstract":"When developing new questionnaires, it is traditionally assumed that the items should be as discriminative as possible, as if this was always indicative of their quality. However, in some cases these high discriminations may be masking some problems such as redundancies, shared residuals, biased distributions, or model limitations which may contribute to inflate the discrimination estimates. Therefore, the inspection of these indices may lead to erroneous decisions about which items to keep or eliminate. To illustrate this problem, two different scenarios with real data are described. The first focuses on a questionnaire that contains an item apparently highly discriminant, but redundant. The second focuses on a clinical questionnaire administered to a community sample, which gives place to highly right-skewed item response distributions and inflated discriminant indices, despite the items do not discriminate well among the majority of participants. We propose some strategies and checks to identify these situations, so that the items that are inappropriate may be identified and removed. Therefore, this article seeks to promote a critical attitude, which may involve going against routine stablished principles when they are not appropriate.\u0000 Cuando se desarrollan nuevos cuestionarios, tradicionalmente se asume que los ítems deben ser lo más discriminativos posible, como si esto fuera siempre indicativo de su calidad. Pero en algunos casos estas discriminaciones elevadas pueden estar ocultando algunos problemas como redundancias, residuales compartidos, distribuciones sesgadas o limitaciones del modelo que pueden contribuir a inflar las estimaciones de la discriminación. Por lo tanto, la inspección de estos índices puede llevar a decisiones erróneas sobre qué ítems mantener o eliminar. Para ilustrar este problema, se describen dos escenarios diferentes con datos reales. El primero se centra en un cuestionario que contiene un ítem aparentemente muy discriminante, pero redundante. El segundo se centra en un cuestionario clínico administrado a una muestra comunitaria, lo que da lugar a distribuciones de respuesta de los ítems muy sesgadas y a índices de discriminación inflados, a pesar de que los ítems no discriminan bien entre la mayoría de los sujetos. Proponemos algunas estrategias y comprobaciones para identificar estas situaciones, para facilitar la identificación y eliminación de los ítems inapropiados. Por lo tanto, este artículo pretende promover una actitud crítica, que puede implicar ir en contra de los principios rutinarios establecidos cuando no son apropiados.","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48844894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rasch analysis of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in patients with major depression","authors":"Xiao-Jie Huang, Haiyuan Ma, Xue-mei Wang, Jing Zhong, Yu-Qi Chen, Ming-Zhi Xu","doi":"10.6018/analesps.550551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.550551","url":null,"abstract":"The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used screening tool for depression and anxiety in patients with medical illnesses. This study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the HADS in screening for patients with major depression using item response theory method. A total of 460 patients with major depression completed the HADS. Rasch analyses were used to examine unidimensionality, item fit, local dependency, reliability, ordering of categories, differential item functioning (DIF) and targeting. The HADS showed a two-dimensional construct. All items fit the Rasch model. Three pairs of items showed minor but inconsiderate local dependency. Both subscales had acceptable reliability. None of the items displayed disordered categories or DIF. All items were well targeted, and participants with high and low levels of distress were less targeted than those with moderate levels of distress. Finally, a conversion table to transform the raw scores into interval measures was generated. The HADS demonstrated adequate psychometric properties in assessing depression and anxiety in patients with major depression. It was more appropriate for assessing moderate than high or low levels of distress. The conversion table can be used for more precise measurement. These results may pave the way for efficient and sensitive methods of analyzing depression symptom response in research and in clinical practice.\u0000 La Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) [Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión] es una herramienta ampliamente utilizada para detección de la depresión y la ansiedad en pacientes con enfermedades médicas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar las propiedades psicométricas de la HADS en la detección de pacientes con depresión mayor utilizando el método de la teoría de respuesta al ítem. Un total de 460 pacientes con depresión mayor completaron el HADS. Se utilizó el análisis de Rasch para examinar la unidimensionalidad, el ajuste de los ítems, la dependencia local, la confiabilidad, el orden de las categorías, el funcionamiento diferencial de los ítems (DIF) y la focalización. La HADS mostró una construcción bidimensional. Todos los ítems se ajustaban al modelo de Rasch. Tres pares de ítems mostraron una dependencia local menor pero desconsiderada. Ambas subescalas tuvieron una confiabilidad aceptable. Ninguno de los ítems mostró categorías desordenadas o DIF. Todos los ítems estaban bien dirigidos y los participantes con niveles altos y bajos de angustia fueron menos objetivo que aquellos con niveles moderados de angustia. Finalmente, se generó una tabla de conversión para transformar las puntuaciones brutas en medidas de intervalo. El HADS demostró propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para evaluar la depresión y la ansiedad en pacientes con depresión mayor. Fue más apropiado para evaluar niveles de angustia moderados que altos o bajos. La tabla de conversión se puede utilizar para una medición más precisa. Estos resu","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47693691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexting is not always wanted: consequences on satisfaction and the role of sexual coercion and online sexual victimization","authors":"Marta Garrido-Macías, Antonio Herrera, María Alonso-Ferres, M. C. Dominguez Herrera","doi":"10.6018/analesps.514431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.514431","url":null,"abstract":"The understanding of sexting as a new form of interpersonal communication is increasing; however, little is known about whether the incidence, correlates, and outcomes of sexting vary depending on whether such behavior is done willingly or not. In this non-experimental study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence, predictors, and consequences of sexting among 310 Spanish young adults, who completed an online survey regarding their previous experiences of wanted and unwanted sexting behaviors, their sexual coercion and online sexual victimization experiences, and their levels of sexual and life satisfaction. The results showed that more than half and one third of the sample had been involved in wanted and unwanted sexting behaviors, respectively. Additionally, sexual coercion and online sexual victimization predicted a higher probability of engaging in unwanted sexual behaviors and, with that, a decrease of life satisfaction. Finally, having experienced more instances of sexual coercion was associated with lower life satisfaction by increasing the likelihood of suffering online sexual victimization experiences and engaging in additional unwanted sexting behaviors. Our findings show the importance of discerning between wanted and unwanted sexting and how doing so differently conditions the predictors and consequences of this phenomena.\u0000 La comprensión del sexting como una nueva forma de comunicación interpersonal es cada vez mayor; sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre si la incidencia, correlatos y resultados del sexting varían en función de si se realiza de forma voluntaria o no. En este estudio no experimental, nos proponemos investigar la prevalencia, los predictores y las consecuencias del sexting entre 310 jóvenes españoles, que completaron una encuesta online sobre sus experiencias previas de sexting deseado y no deseado, coerción sexual y victimización sexual online, así como sus niveles de satisfacción sexual y vital. Los resultados mostraron que la mitad y un tercio de la muestra habían estado involucrados en comportamientos de sexting deseados y no deseados, respectivamente. Además, la coerción sexual y la victimización sexual online predijeron una mayor probabilidad de participar en conductas sexuales no deseadas y, con ello, una disminución de la satisfacción vital. Por último, haber experimentado mayor coerción sexual se asoció con menor satisfacción vital al aumentar la probabilidad de sufrir victimización sexual online y de participar en conductas adicionales de sexting no deseado. Nuestros hallazgos muestran la importancia de discernir entre el sexting deseado y el no deseado y cómo el hacerlo de forma diferente condiciona los predictores y las consecuencias de este fenómeno.","PeriodicalId":55521,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Psicologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43431673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}