Annual Review of Information Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Citation analysis","authors":"Jeppe Nicolaisen","doi":"10.1002/aris.2007.1440410120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aris.2007.1440410120","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction This chapter presents a critical review of the theories that have formed and/or continue to form the basic assumptions underlying citation analysis. Unless stated otherwise, the term citation is used synonymously with the term bibliographic reference. Citation analysis is consequently taken to represent the analysis of bibliographic references, which form part of the apparatus of scholarly communication. Thus, studies of citations appearing in abstracting and indexing services, in subject bibliographies, or in lists or catalogs of the holding of libraries fall outside the scope of this chapter. The essence of this distinction was first noted by Martyn (1975, p. 290) who argued that “citation in the primary literature expressly states a connection between two documents, one which cites and the other which is cited, whereas citation in other listings does not usually imply any connection between documents other than that effected by the indexing machinery.” The two main foci of the chapter are citing behavior (or “citationology” [Garfield, 19981) and symbolic characteristics of citations (i.e., how citations reflect the characteristics of science and scholarship. These topics, the distinction between which stems from Wouters (1999b), have attracted a great deal of attention from researchers in information science and other fields. Knowledge about citing behavior and the symbolic characteristics of citations is essential in order to determine whether it makes sense to use citation analysis in various areas of application. As Zunde (1971) noted, citation analysis has three main applications:","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"609-641"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.2007.1440410120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116216043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of information science","authors":"Colin Burke","doi":"10.1002/aris.2007.1440410108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aris.2007.1440410108","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this chapter is to review the historical writings about the development of information science or certain aspects of it rather than to review historic events and figures in the development of IS. The chapter is based on the author's perception of the principal interest of the memebership of the American Society for Information Science (ASIS) since its foundation in 1937 as the American Documentation Institute. In this view, IS is centered on the representaiton, storage, transmission, selection (retrieval, filtering) and the use of documents and messages,where documents and messages are created for use by humans. Interest extends outwards in many directions because of the need to understand contextual, institutional, methodological, technological, and theoretical aspects.","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"3-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.2007.1440410108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131443016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vannevar Bush and memex","authors":"Ronald D. Houston, Glynn Harmon","doi":"10.1002/ARIS.144.V41:1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ARIS.144.V41:1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction As an informational technology, the World Wide Web has enjoyed spectacular success. In just ten years it has transformed the way information is produced, stored, and shared in arenas as diverse as shopping, family photo albums, and high-level academic research. The “Semantic Web” is touted by its developers as equally revolutionary, although it has not yet achieved anything like the Web’s exponential uptake. It seeks to transcend a current limitation of the Web-that it largely requires indexing to be accomplished merely on specific character strings. Thus, a person searching for information about “turkey” (the bird) receives from current search engines many irrelevant pages about “Turkey” (the country) and nothing about the Spanish “pavo” even if he or she is a Spanish-speaker able to understand such pages. The Semantic Web vision is to develop technology to facilitate retrieval of information via meanings, not just spellings. For this to be possible, most commentators believe, Semantic Web applications will have to draw on some kind of shared, structured, machine-readable conceptual scheme. Thus, there has been a convergence between the Semantic Web research community and an older tradition with roots in classical Artificial Intelligence (AI) research (sometimes referred to as “knowledge representation”) whose goal is to develop a formal ontology. A formal ontology is a machine-readable theory of the most fundamental concepts or “categories” required in order to understand information pertaining to any knowledge domain. A review of the attempts that have been made to realize this goal provides an opportunity to reflect in interestingly concrete ways on various research questions such as the following:","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"55-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51489346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open access","authors":"M. Carl Drott","doi":"10.1002/aris.1440400110","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aris.1440400110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"79-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.1440400110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127116905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information history","authors":"Alistair Black","doi":"10.1002/aris.1440400118","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aris.1440400118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"441-473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.1440400118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114131646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collaborative information seeking and retrieval","authors":"Jonathan Foster","doi":"10.1002/aris.1440400115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aris.1440400115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"329-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.1440400115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115585593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TREC: An overview","authors":"Donna K. Harman, Ellen M. Voorhees","doi":"10.1002/aris.1440400111","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aris.1440400111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"113-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.1440400111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129530736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formal concept analysis in information science","authors":"Uta Priss","doi":"10.1002/aris.1440400120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aris.1440400120","url":null,"abstract":"Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is a method for data analysis, knowledge representation and information management that is widely unknown among information scientists in the USA even though this technology has a significant potential for applications. FCA was invented by Rudolf Wille in the early 80s (Wille, 1982). For the first 10 years, FCA was developed mainly by a small group of researchers and Wille’s students in Germany. Because of the mathematical nature of most of the publications of that time, knowledge of FCA remained restricted to a group of “insiders”. Through funded research projects, FCA was implemented in several larger-scale applications, most notably an implementation of a knowledge exploration system for civil engineering in cooperation with the Ministry for Civil Engineering of North-Rhine Westfalia (cf. Eschenfelder et al. (2000)). But these applications were not publicized widely beyond Germany. During the last 10 years, however, FCA has grown into an international research community with applications in many disciplines, such as linguistics, software engineering, psychology, AI and information retrieval. This shift is due to a variety of factors (cf. Stumme (2002)). A few influential papers stirred interest for FCA in several fields. For example, Freeman and White’s (1993) paper on social network analysis initiated an interest for the use of FCA software among sociologists. In software engineering, several FCA papers (such as Fischer (1998) and Eisenbarth et al. (2001)) won Best Paper Awards at conferences (Snelting, to appear) because FCA happened to facilitate a type of analysis which was previously not available in that field. As Stumme (2002) explains, FCA shifted emphasis to applications in computer science partly due to a merger with the Conceptual Graphs community (Sowa, 1984). An overview of the relationship between Conceptual Graphs and FCA is provided by Mineau et al. (1999). Some of the structures of FCA appear to be fundamental to information representation and were independently discovered by different researchers. For example, Godin et al.’s (1989) use of concept lattices (which they call “Galois lattices”) in information retrieval is based on an independent discovery by","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"521-543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.1440400120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137721126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The geographies of the internet","authors":"Matthew Zook","doi":"10.1002/aris.1440400109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aris.1440400109","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"53-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.1440400109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126136421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Workplace studies and technological change","authors":"Angela Cora Garcia, Mark E. Dawes, Mary Lou Kohne, Felicia M. Miller, Stephan F. Groschwitz","doi":"10.1002/aris.1440400117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aris.1440400117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55509,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Information Science and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"393-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/aris.1440400117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126648381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}