Aquatic Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Himalayan springs under plastic stress: an integrated microplastic risk assessment","authors":"Neha Badola,&nbsp;Deepti Semwal,&nbsp;Vaishali Bhatt,&nbsp;Abdul Warrish,&nbsp;Prasant Arya,&nbsp;Jaspal Singh Chauhan","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01370-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01370-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Himalayan springs are extensively used for drinking purposes, considering their groundwater origin. Microplastics (MPs), an emerging environmental contaminant, have been studied and found in nearly every water resource. However, the Himalayan springs in this context have not been explored to date. Hence, this study aims to provide an overview of MPs in the springs around Srinagar (Central Himalaya, India) and investigates the abundance of MPs in atmospheric deposition and springshed soil. For this purpose, spring water, springshed soil and atmospheric samples were collected, digested using hydrogen peroxide, filtered through cellulose nitrate filter paper and analysed under a stereo microscope to quantify and classify MPs based on shape, size and colour. Additionally, the Pollution Risk Index (PRI) was assessed to evaluate the potential risks to the local community from consuming spring water. The average concentration of MPs ranges from 15.5 to 61.25 particles per 1000 L in spring water, 423.24 MPs/m²/hr to 1048.24 MPs/m²/hr in atmospheric samples and 36.33 to 174.22 particles per 100 g in soil samples. Fibres were the most common shape, and colourless and white MPs were the dominant colours. Spectroscopic analysis revealed various polymer types, and PRI values indicated risks ranging from minor (&lt; 150) to medium (150–300), with values varying from 2.81 to 212.31, highlighting a greater risk in the study area. The findings show a significant risk from MPs to hilly communities, underscoring the need for contamination management in the springshed and ongoing monitoring of the springs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrological and environmental conditions jointly drive the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in the Weihe River","authors":"Yutong Zhang,&nbsp;Wen Cheng,&nbsp;Min Wang,&nbsp;Hao Wu,&nbsp;Jiehui Ren","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01360-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01360-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antibiotic resistance has become a common challenge for global public health and environmental governance. Using metagenomic sequencing integrated with hydrological modeling, co-occurrence network, and structural equation, this study systematically elucidated the spatiotemporal distribution, potential transmission risks, and driving mechanisms of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in different hydrological periods in the Weihe River Basin. The results showed pronounced hydroperiodic differences in ARGs. ARGs were dominated by deterministic processes (<i>R</i>² = 0.48, Nm = 72,365), with the strongest deterministic signal in the low water period. The strong positive correlations of ARG-virus factors (VFs) mobile genetic elements (MGEs) co-occurrence networks revealed the highly synergistic enrichment of ARGs and VFs in the Weihe River Basin. The network coupling was stronger in the high and normal water periods, whereas the low water period was characterized by stronger modularity. Redundancy analysis indicated that ARGs were primarily associated with hydrological processes (precipitation, runoff, and sediment) in the high water period, whereas during the low water period were influenced by enriched of nutrients and organic matter. Piecewise structural equation revealed that hydrological conditions positively drove ARGs (standardized coefficients of 0.633), whereas water properties and microbial diversity exerted negative effects (−0.272, −0.693). Moreover, all three factors exerted significant positive effects on MGEs, thereby indirectly promoting the accumulation of ARGs. This study reveals the hydrological controls on ARGs dynamics and transmission potential, providing a scientific basis for the development of watershed-scale control strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rivers beneath the surface: how riverine inputs shape sedimentation in a large peri-alpine lake","authors":"Emma Faval,&nbsp;Guillaume Cunillera,&nbsp;Jérémy Keller,&nbsp;Nathalie Dubois,&nbsp;David J. Janssen,&nbsp;Natacha Pasche","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01368-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01368-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of floods, droughts, and storms, yet their effects on sedimentation and biogeochemical cycling in large lakes remain poorly constrained. Riverine inflows play a central role by controlling the vertical and horizontal transport of suspended matter through density-driven intrusions. Here, we quantify sediment flux dynamics over 5 years, using sediment traps and high-frequency environmental observations in Lake Geneva, a large peri-alpine lake influenced by the Rhône River. Fluxes of total mass, organic matter, calcite, and minerals reveal higher particle export below 30 m than at 10 m, particularly in summer when interflows intrude at the thermocline. Peak fluxes coincided with high river discharge, with minerals fractions dominating total export. Extreme events emerge as the primary driver of variability, producing distinct sedimentation responses. Floods produced the highest particle fluxes and promoted efficient transport to depth, whereas drought conditions strongly reduced sediment supply, with short-lived storm-driven pulses. In contrast, wind-driven storms drove sediment inputs through resuspension and redistribution. These results demonstrate that the interaction between fluvial inputs, stratification, and hydrodynamics governs sediment export in large, river-influenced lakes worldwide. This study provides a transferable framework for predicting sediment responses to hydroclimatic extremes in such systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00027-026-01368-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"eDNA insights and macroinvertebrate biomonitoring: a review of current practices and future directions for freshwater ecosystem assessment","authors":"Noran M. Tawfik,&nbsp;Nahla S. El-Shenawy,&nbsp;Rowaida Saleh Ahmed,&nbsp;Marwa I. Saad El-Din","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01365-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01365-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review examines the integration of environmental DNA (eDNA) technology with macroinvertebrate biomonitoring for freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem assessment. Traditional macroinvertebrate monitoring provides well-established indicators of ecosystem health and water quality but can be resource-intensive and may have limitations in detecting rare, cryptic, or morphologically difficult taxa. eDNA offers a noninvasive molecular approach for detecting genetic material released by organisms into the environment and can expand the taxonomic breadth and scalability of biodiversity assessment. This review evaluates eDNA alongside conventional approaches, highlighting advances in sample collection, DNA extraction, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), metabarcoding, and next-generation sequencing, while addressing challenges associated with DNA degradation and transport, primer bias, incomplete reference databases, contamination, and data interpretation. Although eDNA provides important advantages for biodiversity detection, its performance depends on sampling strategy, molecular protocols, reference-database completeness, and bioinformatic procedures; therefore, it should currently be regarded as complementary to, rather than a universal replacement for, conventional freshwater macroinvertebrate surveys. The review emphasizes the need for standardized eDNA protocols, expansion and curation of genetic reference databases, validation against established biomonitoring methods, and integration of molecular data with conventional surveys and ecological indices. The novelty of this review lies in combining technical evaluation, methodological recommendations, and integration strategies to support more comprehensive, reliable, and scalable freshwater biodiversity monitoring and ecosystem management.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in bacterial assemblages associated with transparent exopolymeric particles and Coomassie stainable particles in the monsoon-influenced Mandovi–Zuari estuarine complex","authors":"Nilesh Maind,&nbsp;Lidita Khandeparker","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01361-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01361-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estuaries are coastal, nutrient-rich, and highly biodiverse ecosystems with a significant amount of dissolved organic matter (DOM), the important constituents of which include sticky, acidic polysaccharides that aggregate to form transparent exopolymeric particles (TEPs), and protein-rich coomassie stainable particles (CSPs), which serve as organic substrates for microbes and higher organisms. The present study assessed the seasonal distribution of TEPs and CSPs in different regions of the tropical monsoon-influenced Mandovi and Zuari estuaries, Goa, India. The bacterial communities associated with these organic matter particles (OMPs) were characterized for the first time, using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The abundance of bacteria and protists in the water column was also assessed. The findings revealed a clear seasonal and spatial pattern in the distribution of TEPs and CSPs in both estuaries. High abundance of TEPs and CSPs in the monsoon season was attributed to phytoplankton in the Zuari estuary. In contrast, in the Mandovi estuary, TEPs were contributed by ambient bacteria, and CSPs by phytoplankton as well as ambient bacteria. The protists showed a significant negative correlation with TEPs and CSPs, suggesting that they are grazing on these particles or their attached bacteria. The specific association of bacterial taxa with these OMPs may influence their utilization, linking carbon export to higher trophic levels and thus influencing ecosystem functioning. Elucidation of the functional role of microbes using a metagenomics approach would unravel site-specific microbial signatures and metabolic functions, thus highlighting their role in the estuarine food web dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-class metazoan diversity and community composition in tropical estuaries assessed by eDNA metabarcoding: a baseline dataset from South Sumatra, Indonesia","authors":"Melki Melki,&nbsp;Anna Ida Sunaryo Purwiyanto,&nbsp;Wike Ayu Eka Putri,&nbsp;Andi Agussalim,&nbsp;Freddy Supriadi,&nbsp; Fauziyah,&nbsp;Risnita Tri Utami","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01369-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01369-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study employed environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding of the metazoan community composition and diversity in relation to water quality parameters from four major river estuaries of South Sumatra, Indonesia (Sembilang, Banyuasin, Musi, and Air Salek). Surface water samples (1 L each) were collected in triplicate from each of the four estuaries, yielding a total of 12 samples. The study was conducted in September 2025, and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene was amplified using mlCOIintF/jgHCO2198 and sequenced with Oxford Nanopore. In total, 26,300 quality-filtered sequence reads were obtained across eight taxonomic classes: Malacostraca (54.4%), Teleostei (27.2%), Bivalvia (10.9%), and Thecostraca (7.2%), with contributions from Scyphozoa, Elasmobranchii, Merostomata, and Hydrozoa, all of which either contributed &lt; 1% or failed to be identified as a class-level hit. Banyuasin had the highest read abundance, extreme dominance by the mantis shrimp <i>Odontodactylus cultrifer</i>, and very low diversity (Shannon <i>H</i>′ = 1.35). Conversely, the community of Air Salek was the most balanced (<i>H</i>′ = 3.18) and had the highest species richness (<i>S </i> = 58). Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) revealed significant differences between stations (pseudo-<i>F</i> = 3.24, <i>p </i>= 0.002), and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) based on Bray–Curtis distances explained 48.3% and 32.5% of variance, respectively. Simpson dominance showed strong negative correlations with dissolved oxygen (<i>r</i> = −0.99) and salinity (<i>r</i> = −0.88), as demonstrated by Pearson correlations. This dataset serves as a reproducible baseline for local biomonitoring and conservation planning in tropical estuarine ecosystems, identifying priority areas (e.g., Air Salek as a high-diversity refuge and Banyuasin as a stressed site requiring restoration interventions) through eDNA’s capacity to capture a wide range of biodiversity, extending well beyond fish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydropower regulation reshapes littoral invertebrate communities: functional traits reveal impacts beyond richness and abundance","authors":"Hanne Bjørnås Krogstie,&nbsp;Christianne Dalsbotten Solvåg,&nbsp;Irja Ida Ratikainen,&nbsp;Gaute Kjærstad,&nbsp;Anders Gravbrøt Finstad","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01367-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01367-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Freshwater lake ecosystems are increasingly affected by altered water level fluctuations (WLF) from hydropower regulation, yet impacts on lake biodiversity remain understudied. We investigated how regulation influences Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) communities in boreal lakes. Three regulated and three nearby control lakes were sampled eight times across 2023–2024. We analyzed differences in abundance and species richness while accounting for temporal and spatial variability. To gain deeper mechanistic insight, we assessed community responses through analysis of composition, beta diversity-partitioning, indicator species, and functional traits. Abundance and species richness showed directional decrease in regulated lakes, although there was substantial variability among lakes. Control lakes supported compositionally similar communities with diverse functional traits, whereas communities in regulated lakes were more variable and functionally constrained. In particular, species that were temporarily attached or that required vegetation for case building were less common in regulated lakes. The observed patterns are consistent with the hypothesis that water-level fluctuations (WLF) impose stress on less mobile taxa and contribute to environmental filtering associated with reduced habitat complexity. Although responses varied among regulated lakes, our findings suggest that moderate regulation amplitudes (4–6 m) can alter littoral EPT communities. We detected clear impacts on functional composition even where changes in abundance and richness were less pronounced, highlighting its potential value as a sensitive indicator of hydropower effects in lake ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00027-026-01367-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENSO-related environmental variability influences the taxonomic and functional diversity of aquatic invertebrates in a subtropical island lake","authors":"Aurea Luiza Lemes da Silva,&nbsp;Tuane Ribeiro Teixeira,&nbsp;Luis Carlos-Pinto,&nbsp;Mauricio Mello Petrucio","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01364-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01364-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aquatic communities are subject to changes in their composition driven by both natural climatic variability and environmental fluctuations, including precipitation patterns and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. Here, we investigated temporal changes in the aquatic invertebrate community of a small freshwater island lake and assessed whether shifts in functional trait composition were associated with recent ocean warming, particularly during the warm phase of ENSO. To this end, we analyzed the invertebrate community during two sampling periods (2008–2009 and 2015–2016), which differed in the predominance of cool/neutral and warm ENSO phases. Aquatic invertebrates were sampled at four sites in Peri Lake, while meteorological, physical, and chemical variables were also measured. Based on functional traits related to trophic group, respiration type, locomotion mode, body flexibility, and body form, we calculated taxonomic richness and four functional diversity indices and examined their relationships with ENSO conditions. Our findings revealed significant changes in water quality and in the aquatic invertebrate community of Peri Lake over time. All alpha diversity metrics showed a significant decline from the cool/neutral ENSO phase to the warm phase. Functional trait composition also exhibited a consistent decrease during the warm phase and was accompanied by marked shifts in functional community structure. These results highlight the vulnerability of freshwater biodiversity to climatic variability and emphasize the importance of incorporating functional trait approaches into long-term biomonitoring and conservation strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive South African populations of the freshwater snail Tarebia granifera belong to a single globally distributed lineage within a species complex","authors":"Scott P. Lawton,&nbsp;Wynand Malherbe,&nbsp;Johannes J. Pearson,&nbsp;Ruan Gerber,&nbsp;Lizaan de Necker,&nbsp;Nico J. Smit","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01363-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01363-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Asian thiarid snail <i>Tarebia granifera</i> is a highly successful invasive species and has had substantial impacts in South African freshwater ecosystems, often out competing and replacing native snail populations. However, there is limited understanding of the molecular diversity of the snail beyond its native Southeast Asian range, with few attempts to identify origins or potential number of invasion events in to new freshwater environments. Similarly, identifying <i>T. granifera</i> via morphological methods is complex and a method by which several  efforts to monitor the spread of the snail and the parasites they transmit have depended upon. By employing mitochondrial  cytochrome c oxidase subunit I DNA barcoding, phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses it has been possible to identify the occurrence of three putative species within <i>T. granifera</i>. However, crucially, the phylogenetic and population genetic analyses revealed only a single lineage to contain all invasive haplotypes of <i>T. granifera</i> including those from South Africa. Also, the population genetic analyses revealed a single haplotype in the South African populations, suggesting a rapid expansion event into several aquatic ecosystems across the country. The current findings are consistent with a single invasion event; however, the current study highlights the inability of single marker techniques to reveal the fine-scale evolutionary history of invasion for <i>T. granifera</i>. Developing genomic tools is crucial to monitor the spread of snail species  across southern Africa, to assess  their ecological impact and for trematode disease surveillance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00027-026-01363-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron–sulfur redox coupling is associated with phosphorus release and N2O accumulation potential in urban hypoxic waters","authors":"Yu Feng,&nbsp;Yuhua Su,&nbsp;Weijing Kong,&nbsp;Hailiang Yin,&nbsp;Pu Wang,&nbsp;Qiyou Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00027-026-01366-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00027-026-01366-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The decoupling of nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics, and its associated environmental tradeoffs in hypoxic freshwater systems such as black-odorous waters, remains poorly understood. Here, we combined field monitoring of urban waters in the Yangtze River Basin with laboratory microcosm experiments and multi-omics analyses to investigate the microbial processes underlying this pattern and their potential environmental implications. Field surveys revealed a prevalent co-occurrence of low dissolved inorganic nitrogen to phosphate ratios (DIN:PO₄³⁻ &lt; 10), indicative of potential nitrogen limitation, and elevated dissolved N₂O concentrations (380–550 nM). Laboratory microcosms revealed redox-associated microbial niche differentiation linked to Fe–S cycling. During the characteristic black-odor phase, geochemical changes consistent with coupled sulfate and iron reduction coincided with sustained phosphorus release. In the subsequent self-purification phase, sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification was estimated to explain approximately 68% of nitrate removal during the self-purification phase, whereas phosphate remained elevated, suggesting incomplete recovery of phosphorus retention capacity. Multi-omics analyses supported this temporal and population-level metabolic partitioning. Together, these results suggest that the field-observed low DIN:PO₄³⁻ ratios may be consistent with enhanced phosphorus availability relative to inorganic nitrogen under Fe–S-coupled redox conditions in which nitrogen removal is enhanced while conditions potentially favoring N₂O accumulation are maintained. These findings provide a mechanistic framework for evaluating potential tradeoffs between nutrient management and greenhouse-gas risk in urban hypoxic waters experiencing comparable redox and geochemical conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55489,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Sciences","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}