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Definitive evidence of cosmic γ-ray flux reduction during solar eclipse totality: Observations from the 22 July 2009 eclipse in India 宇宙γ射线通量在日全食期间减少的确切证据:2009年7月22日印度日食的观测
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103122
Pranaba K. Nayak , Shashi R. Dugad , Sunil K. Gupta , Atul Jain , Indranil Mazumdar , Pravata K. Mohanty , Supriya Das , Sanjay K. Ghosh , Dhruba Gupta , Sibaji Raha , Swapan K. Saha , Sumana Singh , Arunava Bhadra
{"title":"Definitive evidence of cosmic γ-ray flux reduction during solar eclipse totality: Observations from the 22 July 2009 eclipse in India","authors":"Pranaba K. Nayak ,&nbsp;Shashi R. Dugad ,&nbsp;Sunil K. Gupta ,&nbsp;Atul Jain ,&nbsp;Indranil Mazumdar ,&nbsp;Pravata K. Mohanty ,&nbsp;Supriya Das ,&nbsp;Sanjay K. Ghosh ,&nbsp;Dhruba Gupta ,&nbsp;Sibaji Raha ,&nbsp;Swapan K. Saha ,&nbsp;Sumana Singh ,&nbsp;Arunava Bhadra","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past quarter century, many attempts have been made to observe an expected inverted Gaussian decrease in the low-energy <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-ray flux during total solar eclipses, coinciding with the point of totality. However, these studies have produced varied results. Here, we present an experimental setup optimized for cosmic <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-ray collection while minimizing terrestrial interference. Using four large-volume NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors, we collected <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-ray flux data during the total solar eclipse of 22 July 2009 from two geographically distinct locations in India: Indore and Siliguri. The detectors were elevated above the ground to further reduce signal contamination by terrestrial <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-rays, enabling the measurement of flux before, during, and after the eclipse visible from these sites. Despite the careful setup, varying levels of radon daughters in the rain during the eclipse period complicated the spectral analysis. To address this, we developed a RooFit-based method that combines exponential and Gaussian functions to generate unified energy spectra, accounting for temporal variations and the effects of rain. Furthermore, we developed a novel method to isolate the true background from rain-induced interference, revealing a <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>6% reduction in <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>-ray flux during totality at both sites. With improvements in the experimental setup, modelling, and innovative data analysis, this study establishes a foundational approach for future total solar eclipse experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A proposed deep sea Neutrino Observatory in the Nanhai 拟建的南海深海中微子观测站
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103123
Huiming Zhang, Yudong Cui, Yunlei Huang, Sujie Lin, Yihan Liu, Zijian Qiu, Chengyu Shao, Yihan Shi, Caijin Xie, Lili Yang
{"title":"A proposed deep sea Neutrino Observatory in the Nanhai","authors":"Huiming Zhang,&nbsp;Yudong Cui,&nbsp;Yunlei Huang,&nbsp;Sujie Lin,&nbsp;Yihan Liu,&nbsp;Zijian Qiu,&nbsp;Chengyu Shao,&nbsp;Yihan Shi,&nbsp;Caijin Xie,&nbsp;Lili Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past ten years, several breakthroughs have been made in multi-messenger astronomy. Thanks to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, the detection of astrophysical neutrinos was proved to be practical. However, due to the limited statistics and field of view, only a few sources have been associated with IceCube neutrinos, making new and larger neutrino telescopes necessary. We propose the NEutrino Observatory in the Nanhai (NEON), located in the South China Sea to be complementary for the global neutrino detectors. This proposal describes the design and layout of the array and reports on comprehensive simulations conducted to assess its performance. The NEON project, with a volume of 10 km<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>, achieves an angular resolution of 0.1 ° at 100 TeV. With 10 years of operation, the project’s 5<span><math><mi>σ</mi></math></span> sensitivity is estimated as <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mi>Φ</mi><mo>∼</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> GeV cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> for a source spectrum index of -2. We found that the variation in depth from 1700 to 3500 meters does not significantly influence the sensitivity to steady sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Axionic quantum fluctuations, dark energy, and the Hubble tension” [Volume 169, July 2025, 103111 Astroparticle Physics] “轴子量子涨落、暗能量和哈勃张力”的勘误表[第169卷,2025年7月,103111号天体粒子物理学]
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103121
L. Acedo
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Axionic quantum fluctuations, dark energy, and the Hubble tension” [Volume 169, July 2025, 103111 Astroparticle Physics]","authors":"L. Acedo","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization and absolute calibration of R11265 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes for the JEM-EUSO space and balloon program, I: Methods and generic features 用于JEM-EUSO航天和气球项目的R11265多阳极光电倍增管的表征和绝对校准,I:方法和一般特征
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103112
E. Parizot , D. Trofimov , S. Blin , A. Creusot , D. Allard , B. Baret , P. Barrillon , M. Battisti , A.A. Belov , C. Blaksley , P. Gorodetzky , P.A. Klimov , E. Msihid , L. Piotrowski , G. Prévôt , J. Szabelski , C. de la Taille
{"title":"Characterization and absolute calibration of R11265 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes for the JEM-EUSO space and balloon program, I: Methods and generic features","authors":"E. Parizot ,&nbsp;D. Trofimov ,&nbsp;S. Blin ,&nbsp;A. Creusot ,&nbsp;D. Allard ,&nbsp;B. Baret ,&nbsp;P. Barrillon ,&nbsp;M. Battisti ,&nbsp;A.A. Belov ,&nbsp;C. Blaksley ,&nbsp;P. Gorodetzky ,&nbsp;P.A. Klimov ,&nbsp;E. Msihid ,&nbsp;L. Piotrowski ,&nbsp;G. Prévôt ,&nbsp;J. Szabelski ,&nbsp;C. de la Taille","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the last decade, the Joint Exploratory Missions for an Extreme Universe Space Observatory (JEM-EUSO) collaboration has developed several balloon and space missions implementing different versions of a dedicated camera based on multi-anode photomultiplier tubes (MAPMTs) used in single photoelectron counting mode, in the near ultra-violet. In this paper, we present the experimental techniques developed to calibrate these MAPMTs and determine their main characteristics, relevant to the JEM-EUSO applications. Our results include the absolute calibration of the MAPMTs in both full illumination and localized illumination modes, the measurement of the so-called s-curves and their fitting with a newly developed fitting formula, the study of cross-talk and residual non-Poissonian behaviour, the determination of the physical size of the individual pixels, the wavelength dependence of the photodetection efficiency, the characterization of the pile-up effect and the determination of the corresponding double pulse resolution using a dedicated readout implementing the SPACIROC-3 Application-specific integrated circuit. These techniques allowed us to identify generic features of the MAPMTs of type R11265 from Hamamatsu, including the occasional occurrence of multiple counting of single photons, which the Hamamatsu company was then able to correct and eliminate. We find that the reliability, high-efficiency and homogeneity of these MAPMTs is well suited for the multi-disciplinary scientific objectives of the JEM-EUSO collaboration. The application of our techniques to the characterization and absolute calibration of the fluorescence camera of the EUSO-SPB2 mission is presented in an accompanying paper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Axionic quantum fluctuations, dark energy, and the Hubble tension 轴子量子涨落,暗能量,还有哈勃张力
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103111
L. Acedo
{"title":"Axionic quantum fluctuations, dark energy, and the Hubble tension","authors":"L. Acedo","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cosmological constant is now a fundamental ingredient of the standard ΛCDM model, and its value is constrained by concordance with empirical data. Despite its importance in modern cosmology, we still do not understand its origin. A naive calculation of the contribution of the quantum vacuum fluctuations to vacuum energy (considering it to be the source of the cosmological constant) yields predictions 120 orders of magnitude larger than observations. This poses one of the most celebrated unsolved problems in physics and cosmology. This work discusses a model of quantum-thermal fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background with a Planck factor. Fluctuations of a bosonic field are studied, and we show that they could match the vacuum energy density if they correspond to an axionic field with a particle rest mass in the range of a fraction of a meV. This mass range is in agreement with present bounds on the mass of the Peccei–Quinn axions arising from the spontaneous symmetry breaking that explains CP conservation in strong interactions, as well as estimations of the mass of axions in the galactic halo and experiments on Shapiro step anomalies using Josephson junctions. We also show that this model can clarify the Hubble tension debate, i.e., the statistically significant discrepancy between measurements of the Hubble parameter based upon the cosmic microwave background and those using low redshift observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond the local Universe: Impacts of scalar field coupled to non-relativistic neutrinos on bulk flow 超越局部宇宙:标量场与非相对论性中微子耦合对体流的影响
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103110
Muhammad Yarahmadi
{"title":"Beyond the local Universe: Impacts of scalar field coupled to non-relativistic neutrinos on bulk flow","authors":"Muhammad Yarahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the role of neutrinos in the Universe’s expansion history, tracing their transition from a relativistic phase in the early Universe to non-relativistic massive particles at later epochs. Within the framework of neutrino coupling with a scalar field, we examine cosmic evolution from radiation domination to dark energy dominance. By analyzing combined datasets (Pantheon+, Cosmic Microwave Background, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, Cosmic Chronometers, and CMB lensing), we constrain the total neutrino mass to <span><math><mrow><mo>∑</mo><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>105</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>eV</mi></mrow></math></span> (95% CL). The transition redshifts <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>nr</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> range from 76 to 205, marking the onset of matter domination. The coupling parameter is constrained to <span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>64</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>, consistent with growing neutrino quintessence, reinforcing the role of neutrinos despite their small mass. Late-time evolution analyses, comparing scenarios with and without neutrino coupling, reveal that non-relativistic neutrinos contribute to cosmic anisotropy. At low redshifts (<span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>z</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>), the bulk flow direction aligns with the CMB dipole, while at higher redshifts, it correlates with the dark energy dipole. The evolution of neutrino density-to-redshift ratios suggests that a decreasing neutrino density weakens gravitational influence, leading to an increase in bulk velocity within <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>z</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> and a decline within <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>z</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math></span>. These findings highlight the role of non-relativistic neutrinos in shaping cosmic anisotropy and dark energy dynamics, offering new perspectives on the Universe’s large-scale evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103110"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of a fiber laser hydrophone for acoustic neutrino detection 用于声学中微子探测的光纤激光水听器的表征
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103109
E.J. Buis , A.M. von Benda-Beckmann , E. Doppenberg , J. Dorant , T.H. Jansen , P. Toet , P. Verhooren , J. de Vreugd
{"title":"Characterization of a fiber laser hydrophone for acoustic neutrino detection","authors":"E.J. Buis ,&nbsp;A.M. von Benda-Beckmann ,&nbsp;E. Doppenberg ,&nbsp;J. Dorant ,&nbsp;T.H. Jansen ,&nbsp;P. Toet ,&nbsp;P. Verhooren ,&nbsp;J. de Vreugd","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the development and characterization of a fiber laser hydrophone designed for deep-sea applications, with a focus on detecting neutrino interactions via their acoustic signatures. The hydrophone design includes a static pressure compensation mechanism, ensuring reliable operation at depths exceeding 1 km. The performance of the hydrophone was evaluated through laboratory tests and experiments in an anechoic basin, where its transfer function was measured before and after a 140-bar pressure cycle. The results show that the hydrophone maintains its sensitivity, with resonance peaks identified in both low- and high-frequency ranges. The hydrophone’s sensitivity to acoustic signals was also compared to ambient sea state noise levels, demonstrating compatibility with the lowest noise conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 103109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
I-C-Q relations for rapidly rotating stable hybrid stars 快速旋转稳定混合星的I-C-Q关系
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103108
Sujan Kumar Roy, Gargi Chaudhuri
{"title":"I-C-Q relations for rapidly rotating stable hybrid stars","authors":"Sujan Kumar Roy,&nbsp;Gargi Chaudhuri","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A number of hadronic equations of state for neutron stars have been investigated for the purpose of the present paper, considering the fact that at sufficiently high density, heavy baryons and quark phases may appear. The observational limits from NICER, GW170817, etc., are obeyed by our choice of equations of state. The universal relations are investigated for both slowly and rapidly rotating neutron stars with heavy baryons present inside the core. For slowly rotating stars, the universality of the I-Love-Q relations is verified, and the I-C-Q relations are inferred to be universal for rapidly rotating stars. Further, we extend the investigation to obtain the universal relations for compact stars containing the quark core, where the connected stable branch of such hybrid stars is considered. The parameters of the I-Love-Q and I-C-Q universal relations are obtained for slowly rotating and rapidly rotating hybrid stars, respectively. These relations would enable extracting information, within the context of general relativity, from astrophysical systems involving rapidly rotating neutron stars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 103108"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement of cosmic muon-induced neutron background with ISMRAN detector in a non-reactor environment 在非反应堆环境下用ISMRAN探测器测量宇宙介子诱导的中子背景
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103101
R. Dey , P.K. Netrakanti , D.K. Mishra , S.P. Behera , R. Sehgal , V. Jha , L.M. Pant
{"title":"Measurement of cosmic muon-induced neutron background with ISMRAN detector in a non-reactor environment","authors":"R. Dey ,&nbsp;P.K. Netrakanti ,&nbsp;D.K. Mishra ,&nbsp;S.P. Behera ,&nbsp;R. Sehgal ,&nbsp;V. Jha ,&nbsp;L.M. Pant","doi":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Indian Scintillator Matrix for Reactor Anti-Neutrinos (ISMRAN) is an above-ground, very short baseline reactor anti-neutrino (<span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) experiment, located inside the Dhruva research reactor facility, Mumbai, India. The primary goal of the ISMRAN experiment is the indirect detection of reactor <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> through an inverse beta decay (IBD) process, using a cluster of 90 optically segmented plastic scintillator detectors, weighing <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>1 ton. However, the most difficult to distinguish correlated background for the ISMRAN experiment is from fast neutrons, which cannot be actively rejected and as a consequence mimics the IBD process through proton recoil inside the detector’s volume. In this work, we present the neutron capture time response and energy deposition of neutron capture signals generated by cosmic muons in the ISMRAN geometry, and we compare these experimental results with Geant4-based Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The obtained mean capture time of fast neutrons is 74.46 <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span> 5.98 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>s and is comparable with the MC simulation results. The efficiency-corrected rate of muon-induced neutron background inside the ISMRAN geometry, due to the presence of a passive shielding structure of 10 cm lead followed by 10 cm borated polyethylene with a surface area of 600 cm<sup>2</sup>, deployed on top of the ISMRAN setup, is reported to be 1334 ± 64 (stat.) <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span> 70 (sys.) per day. This result shows good agreement with the expected background rate from MC simulations using Geant4. Additionally, we also estimate the muon-induced fast-neutron rate in the ISMRAN geometry for the actual shielding configuration of 9000 cm<sup>2</sup> surface area to be 3335 ± 160 (stat.) <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span> 175 (sys.) neutrons day<sup>-1</sup> through an extrapolation, after incorporating the model dependent acceptance correction factor from the Geant4 MC simulation. Finally, using these results, we evaluate the neutron production yield due to the composite shielding in the ISMRAN geometry, which is 2.81<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 10<sup>-5</sup> neutrons per <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span> per (g/cm<sup>2</sup>) at sea level. These results will be significant in the context of differentiating correlated background from true <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> events at the actual measurement site inside the reactor facility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55439,"journal":{"name":"Astroparticle Physics","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 103101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shadows and optical appearances of black holes in R2 gravity R2重力下黑洞的阴影和光学外观
IF 4.2 3区 物理与天体物理
Astroparticle Physics Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103100
Khadije Jafarzade , Sanjar Shaymatov , Mubasher Jamil
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