Atmosphere-Ocean最新文献_第6页

Environmental Controls on Tornadoes and Tornado Outbreaks 龙卷风和龙卷风爆发的环境控制

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2079472

Eigo Tochimoto

{"title":"Environmental Controls on Tornadoes and Tornado Outbreaks","authors":"Eigo Tochimoto","doi":"10.1080/07055900.2022.2079472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2022.2079472","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, the global climatology of tornadoes and current understanding of the synoptic- and meso-scale environments of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks are reviewed. The study of tornadoes involves the investigation of atmospheric processes at global- to micro-scales and has advanced the understanding of multiscale processes. Global-scale circulation controls synoptic-scale processes such as extratropical cyclones, upper-level jets, and anticyclonic circulation; synoptic-scale processes affect mesoscale processes that cause severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. Studies of the near-storm environment of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks over decades have improved our understanding of differences in environmental parameters such as vertical shear and buoyancy between tornadic and nontornadic thunderstorms. Composite parameters associated with vertical shear and buoyancy have been developed and found to be skilful at predicting the potential of tornado occurrence. However, false alarm ratios for tornado prediction are still large. Since it is still a challenge to predict based on the environment whether or not a tornado will occur, further understanding of the near-storm environment of tornadoes and the development of new meteorological parameters to improve prediction skill are required in the future studies.","PeriodicalId":55434,"journal":{"name":"Atmosphere-Ocean","volume":"60 1","pages":"399 - 421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45565951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Current Challenges in Climate and Weather Research and Future Directions 气候和天气研究的当前挑战和未来方向

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2079473

Jialin Lin, Taotao Qian, H. Bluestein, P. Ditlevsen, Hai Lin, T. Seiki, Eigo Tochimoto, H. Barnes, P. Bechtold, F. Carr, S. Freitas, S. Goodman, G. Grell, Jongil Han, P. Klotzbach, W. Roh, Masaki Satoh, S. Schubert, Guang Zhang, Ping Zhu

引用次数: 1

Contribution of the Tibetan Plateau Winter Snow Cover to Seasonal Prediction of the East Asian Summer Monsoon 青藏高原冬季积雪对东亚夏季风季节预报的贡献

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-05-26 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2077171

Pengfei Zha, Zhiwei Wu

{"title":"Contribution of the Tibetan Plateau Winter Snow Cover to Seasonal Prediction of the East Asian Summer Monsoon","authors":"Pengfei Zha, Zhiwei Wu","doi":"10.1080/07055900.2022.2077171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2022.2077171","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT How to improve the prediction skill of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is a challenging but essential issue. This study examines the impact of the winter Tibetan Plateau (TP) snow cover (TPSC) on the subsequent EASM during the past two decades. Based on the high-resolution MODIS/Terra snow cover data, a new snow cover critical area (76°−83°E, 28°−35°N) is identified in the southwestern TP for the EASM seasonal prediction. Results show that the increase of the TPSC within this critical area during prior winter significantly increases summer precipitation over the Yangtze River Basin (YRB). The TPSC anomaly induces anomalous cooling in the overlying atmospheric column, leading to an anomalous cyclonic circulation in the upper troposphere. Such anomalous cyclonic circulation may further contribute to the local snow cover increase, and through such a snow-albedo feedback process, the excessive TPSC anomaly is strengthened and persists through the following summer. Coexisting with the positive anomalous TPSC, the South Asian High, the western Pacific Subtropical High, and the Subtropical Westerly Jet shift southward. A deep cyclonic circulation is induced in northeastern China by the excessive TPSC anomaly, which is reproduced in the linear baroclinic model simulation. Northerly flow is crucial for accumulating water vapour and favours more rainfall over the YRB. A physical empirical prediction model is established to quantify the TPSC contribution to the seasonal prediction of the EASM. Empirical hindcast output shows the prediction skill of the EASM is significantly improved with the additional predictor of the winter TPSC. In particular, the TPSC has greatly improved the prediction of the extreme EASM in 2020. The above results indicate that the prior winter TPSC anomaly in this critical area can provide another predictability source for the EASM, besides El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation.","PeriodicalId":55434,"journal":{"name":"Atmosphere-Ocean","volume":"61 1","pages":"25 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41874542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Modulation of the Atmospheric Heat Source Over the Tibetan Plateau on the Intra-seasonal Oscillation of Summer Precipitation in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin 青藏高原大气热源对长江-淮河流域夏季降水季内振荡的调制

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2077170

Shanshan Zhong, Hao Wang, Bin Chen, Huanchun Chen

{"title":"Modulation of the Atmospheric Heat Source Over the Tibetan Plateau on the Intra-seasonal Oscillation of Summer Precipitation in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin","authors":"Shanshan Zhong, Hao Wang, Bin Chen, Huanchun Chen","doi":"10.1080/07055900.2022.2077170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2022.2077170","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on the daily precipitation from China Meteorological Administration and the daily atmospheric circulation data from the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55) from 1979 to 2018, this paper analyzes the evolution of 10-30-day intra-seasonal oscillation (ISO) of the precipitation in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin (YHRB) and the modulation of the atmospheric heat source over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) with different intensity on the peak and trough values of the precipitation in the YHRB. When the atmospheric heating is strong on the southern flank of TP (STP), the lower-level anomalous low strengthens on the STP, which leads to convergence of airflow in the lower troposphere, ascent and divergence in the upper troposphere. Thus, the intense pumping action on the STP results in the convergence of water vapour from the Bay of Bengal to the STP. Due to the high altitude of TP, the water vapour turns eastward and increases the convergence and ascent of water vapour in the YHRB, which is conductive to enhancement of the peak values or weakening of trough values of the ISO of precipitation in the YHRB. When the STP heating is weak, the lower-level anomalous low decreases on the STP, leading to divergence in the lower troposphere, descent and convergence in the upper troposphere. Then the convergence of water vapour from the Bay of Bengal to the STP is suppressed and the transport of water vapour to the YHRB is interrupted, thus the peak values of precipitation are weakened or the trough are enhanced.","PeriodicalId":55434,"journal":{"name":"Atmosphere-Ocean","volume":"60 1","pages":"600 - 612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45377621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Madden-Julian Oscillation 麦登-朱利安振荡

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2072267

Hai Lin

引用次数: 5

Development of High Resolution Cloud Cover Climatology Databank Using Merged Manual and Satellite Datasets over Ghana, West Africa 使用合并的手册和卫星数据开发西非加纳上空的高分辨率云层气候学数据库

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2072266

Prince Asilevi Junior, N. Opoku, Francisca Martey, Elikem Setsoafia, Felicity Ahafianyo, E. Quansah, Felicia Dogbey, Stephen Amankwah, M. Padi

{"title":"Development of High Resolution Cloud Cover Climatology Databank Using Merged Manual and Satellite Datasets over Ghana, West Africa","authors":"Prince Asilevi Junior, N. Opoku, Francisca Martey, Elikem Setsoafia, Felicity Ahafianyo, E. Quansah, Felicia Dogbey, Stephen Amankwah, M. Padi","doi":"10.1080/07055900.2022.2072266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2022.2072266","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Accurate and reliable total cloud cover (TCC) observation is essential for astronomy, renewable energy resource assessment, climate impact studies, and agriculture. In order to improve the spatial coverage for a climatological distribution pattern of TCC observation across different climatic zones in Ghana – West Africa, this paper developed a merged database comprising ground-based manual TCC observation dataset (TCCM) at 22 tropical synoptic stations and satellite-based TCC dataset retrieved from the NASA Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resource (POWER) climatological archives (TCCN) spanning 30 years (1983–2013) for each dataset. Firstly, the satellite data was assessed statistically for merging with station data. From the results, it is shown that on the overall, the satellite data (TCCN) is a good representation of local TCC climatology comparative to station observation by a mean percentage deviation of 7.8 ± 1.7, and indices of agreement between 0.7 and 0.99 ± 0.01, indicating strong zonal and seasonal similarities. Moreover, the best station-by-station similarities are over the northern half, being predominantly Savannah climate areas, while the southernmost half show the weakest similarities. This can be attributed to a complex interplay of coastal ocean-land-atmosphere interactions obstructing satellite sensing. Finally, the gridded merged dataset established that December–February is the lowest TCC season countrywide, whereas June–August is the highest TCC season, more pronounced over the southern half, being predominantly Forest climate type and showing significant non-linearity with atmospheric clarity indices. The results have useful applications for solar energy resource assessment, crop yield models, and provides a framework for development of cloud property and cloud radiative effect assessment for climate related studies.","PeriodicalId":55434,"journal":{"name":"Atmosphere-Ocean","volume":"60 1","pages":"566 - 579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47335944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

HF Radar Observations of Wintertime Surface Currents Over Hecate Strait, British Columbia 不列颠哥伦比亚省赫卡特海峡冬季表面洋流的高频雷达观测

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2068995

P. Cummins, H. Blanken, C. Hannah

{"title":"HF Radar Observations of Wintertime Surface Currents Over Hecate Strait, British Columbia","authors":"P. Cummins, H. Blanken, C. Hannah","doi":"10.1080/07055900.2022.2068995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2022.2068995","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An oceanographic high-frequency radar system was deployed by Fisheries and Ocean Canada along Hecate Strait, British Columbia to strengthen regional marine safety, including search-and-rescue operations. The Hecate Strait CODAR system provides hourly surface currents on a grid that spans central-northern Hecate Strait at a horizontal resolution of 5 km. These observations are used to characterize regional tidal currents and the subtidal wintertime surface circulation. The HF radar currents are also used to assess results from the Coastal Ice Ocean Prediction System for the West Coast of Canada (CIOPS-W), a component of the pan-Canadian operational ocean modelling system. Comparisons of rotary spectra and tidal current ellipses with historical current metre observations show that vector currents from the Hecate Strait CODAR system are reasonably accurate and can be used to describe the circulation and variability of ocean currents over the strait on tidal and subtidal time scales. Variability of the subtidal flow, in particular the along-strait surface-layer transport, is closely related to local wind forcing and sea level variability. A vector regression to buoy winds demonstrates that the ocean response is highly anisotropic, with the magnitude and veering of the surface current strongly dependent on the direction of the wind. Comparisons with the CIOPS-W model currents show reasonable agreement with the HF radar currents, particularly with respect to the along-strait transport.","PeriodicalId":55434,"journal":{"name":"Atmosphere-Ocean","volume":"60 1","pages":"580 - 599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45172410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Snow Depth on Sea Ice and on Land in the Canadian Arctic from Long-Term Observations 加拿大北极海冰和陆地积雪深度的长期观测

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2060178

Hoi Ming Lam, T. Geldsetzer, S. Howell, J. Yackel

{"title":"Snow Depth on Sea Ice and on Land in the Canadian Arctic from Long-Term Observations","authors":"Hoi Ming Lam, T. Geldsetzer, S. Howell, J. Yackel","doi":"10.1080/07055900.2022.2060178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2022.2060178","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intra-annual and decadal observations of snow depth on sea ice and on terrestrial land are examined within the Canadian Arctic. In situ snow depth measurements at 11 study sites spanning 1955–2019 form the basis of the analysis. Ice chart data acquired via the Canadian Ice Service are used to establish sea ice break-up and freeze-up dates and assess their impact on snow depth evolution. We find that on-ice and on-land snow accumulation in autumn differ due to the lag between the freeze-up and the first snow of the season. Once sea ice consolidates, on-ice and on-land snow depth become positively correlated in winter (p < 0.05). The mean seasonal rate of snow accumulation on sea ice from September to April is 3.2 ± 0.6 cm month−1 across the Canadian Arctic. Snow depth on terrestrial land is generally higher than on sea ice in the southern Canadian Arctic by up to 20–30 cm; but snow depth on sea ice tends to exceed that on land in the northern Canadian Arctic from winter to spring. Four sites (Eureka, Resolute, Cambridge Bay and Hall Beach) with continuous long-term records are selected for interannual analysis. Decadal trends in on-ice snow depth are mostly negative from autumn to spring. Autumn and spring snowfall have increased at three of the four sites. The Canadian Arctic experiences warming on a decadal scale, especially in autumn, by 0.5 to 0.8°C decade−1. Sea ice freeze-up is delayed by up to 2.5 days decade−1 in the southern Canadian Arctic, whereas break-up occurs earlier by about 3 days decade−1 in the northern Canadian Arctic.","PeriodicalId":55434,"journal":{"name":"Atmosphere-Ocean","volume":"61 1","pages":"217 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47148216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Modelling the Oceanic Advection of Pollutants Spilt Along with the Northwest Passage 污染物沿西北通道排放的海洋平流模型

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2065965

R. Tao, P. Myers

{"title":"Modelling the Oceanic Advection of Pollutants Spilt Along with the Northwest Passage","authors":"R. Tao, P. Myers","doi":"10.1080/07055900.2022.2065965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2022.2065965","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Arctic sea ice is dramatically retreating in concentration, thickness, and duration. The larger and longer-lasting periods of open water will likely lead to increase trans-Arctic ship traffic, which then increases the risk of accidents and of pollutant spills. In this study, we focus on the potential oceanic circulation pathways of pollutants that may be spilt along with the Northwest Passage in the Canadian Arctic. We used a high-resolution numerical model and a Lagrangian particle tracking tool to simulate the advection of pollutants released in and within proximity to the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. We released 5000 virtual particles over 24 main release sites every 10 days during the operating season (June–October) for 12 years (2004–2015). For each simulation, we examined the circulation pathway and computed particles’ spreading area, distances travelled, subsurface spread, and the variability and uncertainty of their distribution during the two-year simulation duration. We analysed these factors with respect to the dominant oceanic circulation of where the particles were initially seeded and the role of atmospheric circulation and were able to identify three main circulation regimes and eight small-scale regimes. This study highlights the role of oceanic advection in the spreading of particles and determines that particles released in the eastern study area exhibited the largest spreading area as the majority propagated into the North Atlantic Ocean rapidly.","PeriodicalId":55434,"journal":{"name":"Atmosphere-Ocean","volume":"60 1","pages":"88 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43814159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Severe Multi-Day October 2019 Snow Storm Over Southern Manitoba, Canada 2019年10月加拿大马尼托巴南部持续多日的严重暴风雪

IF 1.2 4区地球科学

Atmosphere-Ocean Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2022.2060794

J. Hanesiak, R. Stewart, Dylan Painchaud-Niemi, S. Milrad, George Liu, M. Vieira, J. Thériault, Mélissa Cholette, Kyle Ziolkowski

{"title":"The Severe Multi-Day October 2019 Snow Storm Over Southern Manitoba, Canada","authors":"J. Hanesiak, R. Stewart, Dylan Painchaud-Niemi, S. Milrad, George Liu, M. Vieira, J. Thériault, Mélissa Cholette, Kyle Ziolkowski","doi":"10.1080/07055900.2022.2060794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2022.2060794","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A devastating storm struck southern Manitoba, Canada on 10–13 October 2019, producing a large region of mainly sticky and wet snow. Accumulations reached 75 cm, wind gusts exceeded 100 km h−1, and surface temperature (T) remained near 0°C (−1°C ≤ T ≤ 1°C) for up to 88 h. It produced the largest October snowfall and was the earliest to produce at least 20 cm since 1872 in Winnipeg. These factors led to unparalleled damage and power restoration challenges for Manitoba Hydro and, with leaves still largely on vegetation, the most damaging storm to Winnipeg’s trees ever recorded. The storm’s track was uncommon, and produced elevated convection related to buoyancy-driven instability and conditional symmetric instability (CSI), with a moist absolutely unstable layer (MAUL) near 500 hPa. Instabilities were released via lift through lower-tropospheric warm advection and frontogenesis, differential cyclonic vorticity advection, and jet streak dynamics. Precipitation bands, elevated convection, and lake effect snow bands enhanced local snowfall. Snow adhering to structures was not always wet but, when present, it sometimes occurred because of incomplete freezing of particles partially melted aloft in a near-surface (<100 m deep) inversion. Although other storms over the historical record have produced a similar combination of severe precipitation, temperature and wind conditions, none have done this for such a long period.","PeriodicalId":55434,"journal":{"name":"Atmosphere-Ocean","volume":"60 1","pages":"65 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42596570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0