Australian Systematic Botany最新文献

{"title":"Insights into speciation and species delimitation of closely related eucalypts using an interdisciplinary approach","authors":"S. Rutherford","doi":"10.1071/SB18042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SB18042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Speciation is a central process in evolutionary biology and is responsible for the diversity of life on Earth. Although there has been much progress in evolutionary research over the past 150 years, understanding the many facets of speciation remains a challenge. In this synthesis, I focus on the use of an interdisciplinary approach to examine speciation and species delimitation in a group of closely related eucalypts called the green ashes (Eucalyptus subgenus Eucalyptus section Eucalyptus). The green ashes comprise tall trees on fertile soils (e.g. the tallest angiosperm in the world, E. regnans), as well as medium trees and mallees on low-nutrient soils. Previous phylogenetic and population-genetics analyses based on genome-wide scans showed that species boundaries in the green ashes are not always consistent with classifications based on morphology and there was evidence of gene flow across lineages. Genomic analyses also suggested that the green ashes were at varying stages of speciation, with some species being highly genetically differentiated, whereas others were at earlier stages on the speciation continuum. A previous common garden study showed that inter-specific differences in seedling traits were significant, with traits such as leaf width being highly plastic across resource treatments for most species. Overall, this synthesis demonstrated that an interdisciplinary approach incorporating phylogenomics, population genomics and a common garden experiment can provide insights into speciation and species delimitation in the green ash eucalypts. Such an approach may be useful in understanding the evolutionary history of other closely related species in Eucalyptus, as well as other groups of organisms.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/SB18042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47987065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: Anatomy of the adventitious roots of Philodendron (Araceae) and its importance for the systematics of the genus","authors":"Rafaela de Oliveira Ferreira, Ana Cristina Campos Borges, J. R. C. Campos, A. M. L. Medeiros, C. M. Sakuragui, R. Vieira, V. Tenorio","doi":"10.1071/sb18038_co","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb18038_co","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Philodendron Schott comprises the following three currently accepted subgenenera: P. subg. Philodendron, P. subg. Pteromischum and P. subg. Meconostigma; however, these lack a well-defined classification. In the present study, we examined anatomically samples of adventitious roots in species of the group, so as to establish aspects relevant for taxonomic purposes. The anatomical analyses emphasised the characteristics of the steles in cross-sections of the root samples from regions near the apex to the most mature zones. A species of a closely related genus Adelonema, namely A. crinipes, was included in the study to clarify the results. Our results indicated notable differences in the species of the subgenus Meconostigma, mainly in terms of the presence (and variations) of a lobed stele, whereas the cylindrical stele stood out among the common characteristics in P. subg. Philodendron, P. subg. Pteromischum and the related species A. crinipes. Moreover, the characteristics shared by P. subg. Philodendron and P. subg. Pteromischum corroborated the phylogenetic hypothesis that these two taxa were more closely related to one another than to P. subg. Meconostigma.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/sb18038_co","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58697576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two new species of Poecilanthe (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Brongniartieae) from Bolivia and Brazil","authors":"G. Lewis, M. Tebbs, J. Wood","doi":"10.1071/SB19015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SB19015","url":null,"abstract":"Two new legume species, Poecilanthe goiasana G.P.Lewis from Brazil and Poecilanthe boliviana G.P.Lewis from Bolivia, are described and illustrated. Previously seven species of the genus were recorded from Brazil, and one from Bolivia. A summary is given of the current circumscription of the papilionoid legume tribe Brongniartieae Hutch., to which Poecilanthe belongs.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/SB19015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44958001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolving nomenclatural ambiguity in South American Tephrosia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Millettieae), including the description of a new species","authors":"R. T. de Queiroz, T. D. de Moura, R. Gereau, G. Lewis, A. M. G. de Azevedo Tozzi","doi":"10.1071/SB19011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SB19011","url":null,"abstract":"Taxonomic studies of Tephrosia Pers. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Millettieae) in South America have highlighted the need to resolve some nomenclatural issues. Five new synonyms are proposed and a new species is described. Nine lectotypes of accepted names and synonyms, and one neotype, are here designated. An identification key to the taxa occurring in South America is also presented.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/SB19011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43989572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a new online species-information system for legumes","authors":"A. Bruneau, L. Borges, R. Allkin, A. Egan, M. de la Estrella, F. Javadi, B. Klitgaard, Joseph T. Miller, D. Murphy, Carole Sinou, M. Vatanparast, Rong Zhang","doi":"10.1071/SB19025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SB19025","url":null,"abstract":"The need for scientists to exchange, share and organise data has resulted in a proliferation of biodiversity research-data portals over recent decades. These cyber-infrastructures have had a major impact on taxonomy and helped the discipline by allowing faster access to bibliographic information, biological and nomenclatural data, and specimen information. Several specialised portals aggregate particular data types for a large number of species, including legumes. Here, we argue that, despite access to such data-aggregation portals, a taxon-focused portal, curated by a community of researchers specialising on a particular taxonomic group and who have the interest, commitment, existing collaborative links, and knowledge necessary to ensure data quality, would be a useful resource in itself and make important contributions to more general data providers. Such an online species-information system focused on Leguminosae (Fabaceae) would serve useful functions in parallel to and different from international data-aggregation portals. We explore best practices for developing a legume-focused portal that would support data sharing, provide a better understanding of what data are available, missing, or erroneous, and, ultimately, facilitate cross-analyses and direct development of novel research. We present a history of legume-focused portals, survey existing data portals to evaluate what is available and which features are of most interest, and discuss how a legume-focused portal might be developed to respond to the needs of the legume-systematics research community and beyond. We propose taking full advantage of existing data sources, informatics tools and protocols to develop a scalable and interactive portal that will be used, contributed to, and fully supported by the legume-systematics community in the easiest manner possible.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/SB19025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46743232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assembly and comparative analyses of the mitochondrial genome of Castanospermum australe (Papilionoideae, Leguminosae)","authors":"Rong‐Hua Zhang, Jianjun Jin, M. Moore, T. Yi","doi":"10.1071/sb19014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb19014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Plant mitochondrial genomes are often difficult to assemble because of frequent recombination mediated by repeats. Only a few mitochondrial genomes have been characterised in subfamily Papilionoideae of Leguminosae. Here, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of Castanospermum australe A.Cunn. & C.Fraser, an important medicinal and ornamental species in the Aldinoid clade of Papilionoideae. By mapping paired-end reads, seven hypothetical subgenomic conformations were rejected and two hypothetical complete isometric mitochondrial genome conformations that differed by a 64-kb inversion were strongly supported. Quantitative assessment of repeat-spanning read pairs showed a major conformation (MC1) and a minor conformation (MC2). The complete mitochondrial genome of C. australe was, thus, generated as 542079bp in length, with a high depth of coverage (~389.7×). Annotation of this mitochondrial genome yielded 58 genes encoding 37 proteins, 18 tRNAs and three rRNAs, as well as 17 introns and three medium-sized repeats (133, 119 and 114bp). Comparison of 10 mitochondrial genomes from Papilionoideae demonstrated significant variation in genome size, structure, gene content and RNA editing sites. In addition, mitochondrial genes were shown to be potentially useful in resolving the deep relationships of Papilionoideae.\u0000","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/sb19014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47129334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in legume research in the genomics era","authors":"A. Egan, M. Vatanparast","doi":"10.1071/SB19019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SB19019","url":null,"abstract":"Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and applications have enabled numerous critical advances in legume biology, from marker discovery to whole-genome sequencing, and will provide many new avenues for legume research in the future. The past 6 years in particular have seen revolutionary advances in legume science because of the use of high-throughput sequencing, including the development of numerous types of markers and data useful for evolutionary studies above and below the species level that have enabled resolution of relationships that were previously unattainable. Such resolution, in turn, affords opportunities for hypothesis testing and inference to improve our understanding of legume biodiversity and the patterns and processes that have created one of the most diverse plant families on earth. In addition, the genomics era has seen significant advances in our understanding of the ecology of legumes, including their role as nitrogen fixers in global ecosystems. The accumulation of genetic and genomic data in the form of sequenced genomes and gene-expression profiles made possible through NGS platforms has also vastly affected plant-breeding and conservation efforts. Here, we summarise the knowledge gains enabled by NGS methods in legume biology from the perspectives of evolution, ecology, and development of genetic and genomic resources.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/SB19019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42452797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle to Late Paleocene Leguminosae fruits and leaves from Colombia","authors":"Fabiany Herrera, M. Carvalho, S. Wing, C. Jaramillo, P. Herendeen","doi":"10.1071/SB19001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SB19001","url":null,"abstract":"Leguminosae are one of the most diverse flowering-plant groups today, but the evolutionary history of the family remains obscure because of the scarce early fossil record, particularly from lowland tropics. Here, we report ∼500 compression or impression specimens with distinctive legume features collected from the Cerrejón and Bogotá Formations, Middle to Late Paleocene of Colombia. The specimens were segregated into eight fruit and six leaf morphotypes. Two bipinnate leaf morphotypes are confidently placed in the Caesalpinioideae and are the earliest record of this subfamily. Two of the fruit morphotypes are placed in the Detarioideae and Dialioideae. All other fruit and leaf morphotypes show similarities with more than one subfamily or their affinities remain uncertain. The abundant fossil fruits and leaves described here show that Leguminosae was the most important component of the earliest rainforests in northern South America c. 60–58 million years ago.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/SB19001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58698117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tribute to Gwilym P. Lewis","authors":"A. Bruneau, C. Hughes","doi":"10.1071/SBV32N6_TB","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SBV32N6_TB","url":null,"abstract":"The young Gwilym Lewis first joined the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, as part of the horticultural staff in 1974. There, his enthusiasm for botany was quickly noticed and he was soon recruited and, subsequently, promoted as part of the team of scientists in the herbarium, later going on to become a senior scientist in integrated monography at Kew. This drive, energy and dedication to botany, which were noted at the age of 22, have never left him. Gwilym has been a key contributor to research at Kew Gardens for nearly 45 years. These four decades have seen monumental changes in legume taxonomy, systematics and evolution, and Gwilym has been an important instigator and contributor to this movement both scientifically and as head of the legume section atKew, and indeed inmanyways, as leader of the legume systematics international research community as a whole in recent years. In the four decades sinceGwilymstarted his career, our vision of legume relationships has profoundly changed. In the early 1980s, the main legume lineages were thought to have evolved from broad common ancestors, exemplified by simple-flowered extratropical woody Caesalpinioideae (Polhill et al. 1981), and were usually portrayed as explicit ancestor-descendant relationships among informal groups of genera. Later in the 1980s, cladistics began to be adopted by legume researchers, the first phylogenetic analyses were presented in Advances in Legume Systematics (ALS) Part 3 (e.g. Crisp and Weston 1987; Lavin 1987; Zandee and Geesink 1987), and Jeff Doyle (1987) described the new molecular-biology tools and data and their tremendous potential for resolving evolutionary relationships. These approaches were fully embraced by the legume systematics community, and, in 1995 (ALS 7), 16 new phylogeneticstudiesacross thefamily,mostusingmoleculardata, were published. In the 1990s, the plastid rbcL gene was being sequenced to look at higher-level legume relationships (Doyle et al. 1997), in 2001, the first full legume plastomes were sequenced, and, in 2008, the full nuclear genome of Lotus japonicus appeared. By the mid-2000s, the phylogenetic framework and time frame of higher-level legume relationships were broadly established (Wojciechowski et al. 2004; Lavin et al. 2005; Bruneau et al. 2008), and, in 2019, we have now amassed DNA-sequence data for more than 5500 legume species, including nuclear genomes (~25 species) and several hundred plastid genomes (e.g. Egan and Vatanparast 2019), as well as produced a much more comprehensively sampled phylogeny of the family as a whole (Legume Phylogeny Working Group 2017). We are now seeing unprecedented use of these phylogenies to test hypotheses on Gwilym Peter Lewis","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/SBV32N6_TB","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42962165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Legume Systematics 13","authors":"C. Hughes., A. Egan, D. Murphy, T. Kajita","doi":"10.1071/SBv32n6_ED","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SBv32n6_ED","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland. Email: colin.hughes@systbot.uzh.ch Department of Biosciences, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. Email: ashegan2@gmail.com Present address:DepartmentofBiology,UtahValleyUniversity, 800WUniversityParkway,Orem,UT84058,USA. Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Vic. 3141, Australia. Email: daniel.murphy@rbg.vic.gov.au Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Taketomi-cho, Okinawa, 907-1541, Japan. Email: kajita@mail.ryudai.jp","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1071/SBv32n6_ED","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45777638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}