A. Schmidt‐Lebuhn, Stephanie H. Chen, Alicia Grealy
{"title":"Elachanthus, Isoetopsis and Kippistia are nested in the genus Minuria (Asteraceae: Astereae)","authors":"A. Schmidt‐Lebuhn, Stephanie H. Chen, Alicia Grealy","doi":"10.1071/sb23028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb23028","url":null,"abstract":"While conducting phylogenetic analyses of sequence-capture data of Australian members of Asteraceae tribe Astereae, we found that Elachanthus pusillus F.Muell., Isoetopsis graminifolia Turcz. and Kippistia suaedifolia F.Muell. formed a clade with Minuria. We, therefore, conducted an analysis focused on this clade, but with replicate samples of the three smaller genera, and confirmed our results. Kippistia had been synonymised under Minuria between 1876 and 1980, when it was reinstated. Elachanthus and Isoetopsis had not previously been suggested to be part of Minuria, and, indeed, Isoetopsis had been considered so morphologically divergent that even its tribal affiliations were long controversial. However, on closer examination, Elachanthus and Isoetopsis are strikingly similar to Minuria, especially in cypsela and pappus morphology. The evolution of both genera from a common ancestor in Minuria appears plausible in the light of their overall similarity to annual species of that genus such as M. annua, their multiple uniform rows of herbaceous phyllaries with scarious margins, a pappus of scales v. the tendency of Minuria to form pappi with scale-like bases, female outer and male inner florets, and a cypsela indumentum shared with some species of Minuria. We propose the following three new combinations under Minuria: M. pusilla, M. glabra and M. graminifolia.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eilish S. McMaster, J. Yap, Keith L. McDougall, Elizabeth A. James, Neville G. Walsh, Nic Jario, Jessica Peterie, Maurizio Rossetto
{"title":"Embracing biodiversity: multispecies population genomics of leafless Bossiaea species shows novel taxa, population dynamics and conservation strategies","authors":"Eilish S. McMaster, J. Yap, Keith L. McDougall, Elizabeth A. James, Neville G. Walsh, Nic Jario, Jessica Peterie, Maurizio Rossetto","doi":"10.1071/sb23031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb23031","url":null,"abstract":"Leafless Bossiaea species are a unique group of plants endemic to Australia that present intriguing challenges in taxonomy and conservation because of their morphological simplicity and often small, disjunct populations. We employed whole genome reduced representation sequencing (DArTseq) to enhance our understanding of the population dynamics, diversity and taxonomy of leafless Bossiaea species. Our dataset comprised 52,539 single-nucleotide polymorphisms across 283 samples from 7 leafless Bossiaea species, including 6 listed threatened species. We examined population structure, phylogenetic relationships, kinship and gene flow within and among populations. On the basis of our population-genomic analyses, we propose recognition of the novel taxon Bossiaea vombata subsp. orientalis and a change in status from species (B. milesiae) to subspecies for B. fragrans subsp. milesiae. Additionally, we show extensive clonal reproduction across species and limited gene flow at distances of >1 km, shedding light on the challenges faced by these species. We advocate a coordinated approach to conservation, focusing on restoring self-sustaining populations and leveraging genetic rescue strategies. By addressing the population dynamics of multiple species simultaneously in taxonomically challenging lineages, we can make informed choices to safeguard biodiversity and evolutionary potential.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A taxonomic review of the austral genera Asterochaete and Carpha (Cyperaceae, Carpheae)","authors":"J. Bruhl, Karen L. Wilson, Xiufu Zhang","doi":"10.1071/sb23015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb23015","url":null,"abstract":"Tribe Carpheae presently includes Carpha and Trianoptiles. Sixteen species were recovered in Carpha Banks & Sol. ex R.Br. sens. lat. by phenetic analyses and these species were separated into two clades that we recognise here as genera Carpha sens. str. and Asterochaete Nees, on the basis of phylogenetic analyses. We present a new taxonomy for the two genera, including eleven species in Asterochaete (A. acuminata X.F.Zhang, A. angustissima (Cherm.) X.F.Zhang, A. borbonica (Steud.) X.F.Zhang, A. capitellata Nees, A. dactyloides (Vahl) K.L.Wilson & J.J.Bruhl, A. discolor T.H.Arnold ex X.F.Zhang, A. eminii (C.B.Clarke) X.F.Zhang, A. filifolia (C.Reid & T.H.Arnold) X.F.Zhang, A. nitens Kunth, A. schlechteri (C.B.Clarke) X.F.Zhang and A. ulugurensis Nelmes ex X.F.Zhang) and five species in Carpha sens. str. (C. alpina R.Br., C. curvata W.M.Curtis, C. nivicola F.Muell., C. rodwayi W.M.Curtis, and C. schoenoides Banks & Sol. ex Hook.f.), with one unassigned name (Carpha aristata Kük.). Asterochaete acuminata, A. discolor and A. ulugurensis are new species; a new combination, A. dactyloides, is made for what was previously called A. glomerata (Nees) Nees. The ranks of Asterochaete angustissima, Carpha schoenoides and C. nivicola are clarified, whereas Carpha bracteosa C.B.Clarke and C. perrieri Cherm. are synonymised with A. capitellata.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Brunton, Paul I. Forster, S. Ogbourne, Maurizio Rossetto, David S. Schoeman, G. Conroy
{"title":"Using molecular and morphometric data as operational criteria for the analysis of a threatened rainforest species complex shows interspecific variation, with implications for cryptic-species delimitation and conservation","authors":"A. Brunton, Paul I. Forster, S. Ogbourne, Maurizio Rossetto, David S. Schoeman, G. Conroy","doi":"10.1071/sb23024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb23024","url":null,"abstract":"Resolution of systematic associations and species boundaries is vital for developing conservation priorities for threatened taxa. A complex of Fontainea (Euphorbiaceae) populations, endemic to rainforest communities in central-eastern Australia, comprises several taxonomically challenging species. Fontainea oraria is Critically Endangered, with only one natural population of 10 mature individuals, with the closely related species F. australis being listed as Vulnerable. A recently discovered Fontainea population (currently nominated as F. sp. Coffs Harbour) with taxonomic similarities to F. oraria has been provisionally listed as Critically Endangered, with fewer than 40 individuals. This study employed an integrative approach, combining genetic data and morphometrics to determine species boundaries for three threatened Fontainea population groups as a model system for an integrative approach to delimiting cryptic species. Although our results suggest the potential subdivision of the population groups into three taxa, caution is warranted because this hypothesis remains inconclusive. Taxonomic challenges demand a careful approach, acknowledging the possibility of alternative interpretations. Contrary to supporting distinct species, our morphological and genetic data may also be interpreted as indicative of a single species with geographic variation, a phenomenon observed in genetically linked populations experiencing isolation by distance. Overall, we highlight the need for further research to establish species limits to guide conservation actions.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flávio Sousa Souto, Rubens Teixeira de Queiroz, M. F. Agra
{"title":"Taxonomic study of Senna section Chamaefistula series Bacillares (Fabaceae) in the Atlantic Forest north of the São Francisco River, Brazil, and nomenclatural updates","authors":"Flávio Sousa Souto, Rubens Teixeira de Queiroz, M. F. Agra","doi":"10.1071/sb23009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb23009","url":null,"abstract":"Senna section Chamaefistula series Bacillares (Benth.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby comprises ~50 Neotropical legume species occurring in both tropical and subtropical areas. Approximately 25 of those species occur in Brazil, with nine being endemic. This work provides a taxonomic study of Senna section Chamaefistula series Bacillares in the Atlantic Forest north of the São Francisco River in north-eastern Brazil, which is considered a global hotspot for biodiversity, contributing to understanding their taxonomy, diversity and distribution, as well as analysing morphological variations that have led to identification errors in the past. Fieldwork was conducted to make observations and collect fresh material; specimens from national and international herbaria were also examined. Senna section Chamaefistula series Bacillares is represented in the study area by nine species (of which four are endemic to Brazil), including S. pluribracteata F.S.Souto & R.T.Queiroz, a species recently described for the area. All species of the series known from the study area are described and illustrated and a key is provided. Additionally, four names were typified, with two lectotypes and two neotypes being designated here. The results have reinforced the importance of conducting floristic inventories for documenting new species and new occurrences.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Russell L. Barrett, James A. R. Clugston, David E. Albrecht, Lesley Elkan, John R. Hosking, Peter C. Jobson, Seanna F. McCune, Andrew E. Orme, Ruth L. Palsson, Matthew A. M. Renner, Catherine Wardrop, Peter H. Weston
{"title":"Revision of the Pultenaea setulosa species complex (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae) including 14 new species","authors":"Russell L. Barrett, James A. R. Clugston, David E. Albrecht, Lesley Elkan, John R. Hosking, Peter C. Jobson, Seanna F. McCune, Andrew E. Orme, Ruth L. Palsson, Matthew A. M. Renner, Catherine Wardrop, Peter H. Weston","doi":"10.1071/sb23014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb23014","url":null,"abstract":"A taxonomic revision of the Pultenaea setulosa species complex (Fabaceae, tribe Mirbelieae) is presented. Prior to this study, P. setulosa Benth. was broadly circumscribed as a single, morphologically variable species. Here, we present evidence supporting the recognition of 18 species, 14 of which are new to science. Pultenaea setulosa is recircumscribed as a morphologically uniform taxon endemic to the Marlborough region in south-east Queensland. We reinstate Pultenaea boormanii H.B.Will., Pultenaea campbellii Maiden & Betche and Pultenaea lapidosa Corrick from synonymy of P. setulosa and describe an additional 14 new species: Pultenaea acanthocalyx R.L.Barrett & Clugston, Pultenaea corrickiae R.L.Barrett, Orme & Clugston, Pultenaea estelleae R.L.Barrett & Clugston, Pultenaea farmeriana R.L.Barrett, Orme & P.H.Weston, Pultenaea hoskingii R.L.Barrett & Clugston, Pultenaea imminuta R.L.Barrett & S.F.McCune, Pultenaea murrayi R.L.Barrett, Pultenaea palssoniae R.L.Barrett & Clugston, Pultenaea praetermissa R.L.Barrett & Albr., Pultenaea purdieae R.L.Barrett & Clugston, Pultenaea renneri R.L.Barrett & Clugston, Pultenaea venusta R.L.Barrett & Orme, Pultenaea westonii R.L.Barrett & Clugston and Pultenaea woolcockiorum R.L.Barrett & Clugston. Sixteen of these species are endemic to New South Wales, one to Queensland and one to Victoria. All taxa are described and illustrated, and habitats and conservation status are discussed. Two additional related species, Pultenaea procumbens A.Cunn. and P. setigera A.Cunn. ex Benth. are recircumscribed. Pultenaea setigera is reinstated here, known from the type collection made in 1822 and is possibly extinct. Lectotypes are selected for the names Pultenaea boormanii, P. campbellii, P. procumbens, P. setigera and P. setulosa.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. F. Rodríguez-Cravero, Mariana A. Grossi, Vanina G. Salgado, D. Gutiérrez
{"title":"Solving taxonomic species complexes of Stevia (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae) in southern central Andes: a morphometric and statistical approach","authors":"J. F. Rodríguez-Cravero, Mariana A. Grossi, Vanina G. Salgado, D. Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1071/sb23023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb23023","url":null,"abstract":"The South American central Andes have a great richness of Asteraceae, where the genus Stevia (Eupatorieae, Piqueriinae) is also especially diverse. The taxonomy of Stevia species in the southern part of the central Andes pose a challenge because of the unclear delimitation among the species and overlap of morphological characters. Two species complexes were identified for the region comprising north Argentina and southern Bolivia. In this study, our objectives were to employ morphometric analyses to assess the delimitation of taxa within the Stevia alpina Griseb. and Stevia chamaedrys Griseb. complexes. We aimed to identify informative morphological characters and gain insight into the identity of species in each group. To accomplish this, we utilised cluster analysis, principal-component analysis, non-metric multidimensional scaling and univariate analyses to evaluate 37 morphological traits. In total, 200 specimens were examined, covering the entire geographic distribution of each species complex. We found support for the recognition of nine species: Stevia alpina, S. breviaristata Hook. & Arn., S. chamaedrys, S. mandonii Sch.Bip., S. mercedensis Hieron., S. minor Griseb., S. potrerensis Hieron., S. procumbens Hieron. and S. vaga Griseb. A new combination and status is proposed for S. tarijensis Hieron., incorporating it as a variety of S. mandonii, and S. centinelae Cabrera and S. crassicephala Cabrera are merged as synonyms under the name S. alpina. Two neotypes are designated for the names S. mercedensis and S. potrerensis.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taxonomic revision of Australian <i>Erythrophleum</i> (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) including description of two new species","authors":"Russell L. Barrett, Matthew D. Barrett","doi":"10.1071/sb23007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/sb23007","url":null,"abstract":"The genus <i>Erythrophleum</i> Afzel ex R.Br. is revised for Australia and three species are recognised, all previously included in <i>E. chlorostachys</i> (F.Muell.) Baill. <i>Erythrophleum arenarium</i> R.L.Barrett & M.D.Barrett is described as a new species to accommodate populations from desert sands of the Great Sandy Desert and Dampier Botanical Districts in north-western Australia, parapatric to the remaining species. <i>Erythrophleum pubescens</i> R.L.Barrett & M.D.Barrett is described as a new species spanning tropical Australia, and is sympatric with <i>E. chlorostachys sensu stricto</i> in the Northern Territory and adjacent areas of Western Australia and Queensland. Morphological examination has shown these three taxa to be consistently distinct across their respective ranges. Analyses of the nuclear ribosomal <i>ITS1</i> region recovered three well-supported clades corresponding to the three morphologically defined species, and <i>ITS1</i> has utility as a marker to separate sterile specimens. <i>Erythrophleum pubescens</i> is widespread in the Australian Monsoon Tropics, from the coast of Western Australia, near Derby, to Cape York Peninsula in northern Queensland. <i>Erythrophleum chlorostachys</i> is also widespread, from the eastern Kimberley Region, in Western Australia, to the Gulf of Carpentaria, in northern Queensland. A lectotype is chosen for <i>Laboucheria chlorostachya</i> F.Muell. Full descriptions, illustrations of key features and identification keys are provided for the three Australian species. A summary of the significant utilisation of <i>Erythrophleum</i> species is presented.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trevor C. Wilson, S. Rutherford, J. Yap, Steven M. Douglas, Enhua Lee, Maurizio Rossetto
{"title":"Eucalyptus cryptica (Myrtaceae): a critically endangered new species","authors":"Trevor C. Wilson, S. Rutherford, J. Yap, Steven M. Douglas, Enhua Lee, Maurizio Rossetto","doi":"10.1071/SB22031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SB22031","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recognition that the critically endangered mallee Eucalyptus sp. Cattai (Gregson s.n. 28 Aug 1954) is a distinct species has been complicated by close morphological similarity between it and other members of E. subgenus Symphyomyrtus section Latoangulatae series Annulares. Recent genomic evidence has demonstrated that it is distinct from other species. In this study, we provide E. sp. Cattai with the new species name, E. cryptica T.C.Wilson, S.Rutherf. & S.M.Douglas, and use genomic scans of adults and seedlings to assist in its description and support its conservation by identifying hybrids. Accompanying the description of E. cryptica are images, diagnostic illustrations and an updated part of the Eucalyptus key for the Flora of New South Wales.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43639368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harvey K. Orel, Todd G. B. McLay, Will C. Neal, P. Forster, M. Bayly
{"title":"Plastid phylogenomics of the Eriostemon group (Rutaceae; Zanthoxyloideae): support for major clades and investigation of a backbone polytomy","authors":"Harvey K. Orel, Todd G. B. McLay, Will C. Neal, P. Forster, M. Bayly","doi":"10.1071/SB23011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/SB23011","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Most of Australia’s sclerophyllous Rutaceae belong to a clade informally known as the ‘Eriostemon group’ (including 16 genera, ~209 species). We investigated generic relationships in this group using analyses of complete plastome sequence data for 60 species and analyses of a supermatrix including sequences of four plastome spacer regions for 22 additional species. Maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and shortcut coalescent phylogenetic analyses produced congruent phylogenies that were highly supported, except for a series of short unsupported branches in the backbone of the Eriostemon group. We found high support for four major clades branching from this polytomy and discuss evolutionary inferences of generic relationships in each lineage. In an effort to resolve the polytomy, we analysed gene tree topologies in tree space, phylogenetic informativeness with likelihood mapping, and conducted topology tests to assess support for all possible topological resolutions of the polytomy. These approaches did not clarify the polytomy, which may be caused by insufficient data, features of plastome evolution, or rapid radiation. Results from analyses of the combined supermatrix dataset suggest that Philotheca section Philotheca is paraphyletic with regards to Drummondita and Geleznowia. In all phylogenies, Philotheca sections Corynonema and Cyanochlamys were not placed with other members of Philotheca.","PeriodicalId":55416,"journal":{"name":"Australian Systematic Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49041429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}