Bacteriological Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Robert Koch and two visions of microbiology.","authors":"M. Penn, M. Dworkin","doi":"10.1128/MMBR.40.2.276-283.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.40.2.276-283.1976","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION ................ ................................ 276 WAKSMAN ON THE TWO VISIONS ......................................... 277 PLEOMORPHISM: KOCH VERSUS WINOGRADSKY .......... ............... 278 PROCESS AND ESSENCE IN MICROBIOLOGY ............ ................. 279 CONCLUSIONS ............... ................................. 281 LITERATURE CITED .............. ............................. 282","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"40 2 1","pages":"276-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63727818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunocompetent cells in resistance to bacterial infections.","authors":"P. Campbell","doi":"10.1128/MMBR.40.2.284-313.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.40.2.284-313.1976","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION .................................... 284 Nonspecific Resistance to Infection .......................................... 284 Specific Resistance to Infection .............................................. 285 CELLS INVOLVED IN HUMORAL ANTIBODY PRODUCTION ............. 285 CELLS INVOLVED IN CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY ................. 287 HUMORAL ANTIBODIES IN RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL INFECTION ... 289 Agglutinins ................................................................. 289 Opsonins .................................................................. 289 Precipitins .................................................................. 290 Bacteriolysins .............................................................. 290 Other Antibacterial Antibodies .............................................. 290 CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNE MECHANISMS IN RESISTANCE TO BACTERIAL INFECTION .............................................................. 291 Migration Inhibition Factor ................................................. 291 Macrophage Chemotactic Factor ............................................. 291 Chemotactic Factor for Leukocytes .......................................... 292 Blastogenic Factor for Lymphocytes ......................................... 292 Transfer Factor ............................................................. 292 BACTERIAL ADJUVANTS ............................... 292 Lipopolysaccharide .......................................................... 292 BordeteUa pertussis .................. ....................................... 293 Mycobacteria and Mycobacterial Components ............... ........... 294 Corynebacterium parvum and Nocardia ....................................... 294 Listeria monocytogenes .................... ........................ 294 Other Bacterial Adjuvants ............................................ 294 ROLE OF MACROPHAGES ............................................ 294 Stimulation of Macrophages by Other Cells and Factors ........ ............... 295 Stimulation of Macrophages by Antibodies ................. .................. 295 Stimulation of Macrophages by Bacteria ..................................... 295 Stimulation of Macrophages by Chemicals ................... ................. 295 Effects of Macrophages and Macrophage Products on Other Cells ..... ......... 296 Macrophage Mediators .................................................... 296 ROLE OF THYMUS-DERIVED CELLS (T CELLS) ........... ................ 296 Stimulation of T Lymphocytes by Antigens ........... ........................ 297 Stimulation of T Lymphocytes by Mitogens ........... ........................ 297 Specificity of Resistance to Bacterial Infections ......... ..................... 297 ROLE OF BONE MARROW-DERIVED CELLS ............. .................. 298 B Cells in Humoral Antibody Production ............. ........................ 298 Bone Marrow-Derived Cells in Cell-Mediated Immunity ....... ................ 298 S","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"40 2 1","pages":"284-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63728393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hemolysins of Staphylococcus aureus.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 321 in vol. 39.].</p>","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC413964/pdf/bactrev00052-0275a.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25747159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head length control in T4 bacteriophage morphogenesis: effect of canavanine on assembly.","authors":"D. Cummings, R. Bolin","doi":"10.1128/MMBR.40.2.314-359.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.40.2.314-359.1976","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"40 2 1","pages":"314-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63728077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biology of the chemoheterotrophic spirilla.","authors":"N. Krieg","doi":"10.1128/MMBR.40.1.55-115.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.40.1.55-115.1976","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"40 1 1","pages":"55-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63727876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biology of the chemoheterotrophic spirilla.","authors":"N R Krieg","doi":"10.1128/br.40.1.55-115.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/br.40.1.55-115.1976","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION ............................................................. 56 DIVISION OF THE SPIRILLUM .................. ........................... 57 THE REDEFINED GENUS SPIRILLUM ........... ........................... 58 GENUS AQUASPIRILLUM .................................................... 58 Typical Characteristics ...................................................... 59 Exceptions to Typical Characteristics ............. ........................... 59 Other Characteristics ....................................................... 59 OTHER ORGANISMS POSSIBLY RELATED TO AQUASPIRILLUM ..... ...... 63 Pathogenic Spirilla ........................................................ 63 Nitrogen-Fixing Spirilla ............................. ........-I..............66 Spirilla in Insects ....................... ............................... 67 Bdellovibrio-Like Spirilla ........................ 68 Phototrophic Spirilla ....................... 69 Oxidative Vibrios ....................... 69 GENUS OCEANOSPIRILLUM ...................... 69 Typical Characteristics ....................... 70 Other Characteristics ....................... 71 OTHER SPIRILLUM-LIKE ORGANISMS .............. ....................... 71 Sporeforming Spirilla ................................................. 71 Gastric Spirilla.........72 Gastriri .. ... .......... .... .......... ............... 7 ECOLOGY OF SPIRILLA ................................................. 72 Habitat and Numbers in Nature .............................................. 72 Ecological Studies of Spirilla by Steady-State Cultivation ....... .............. 74 ISOLATION OF SPIRILLA ................................................. 75 CULTIVATION AND NUTRITION OF SPIRILLA ......... .................... 76 Complex Media..................................................... 76 Defined Media .................................................... 77 Defined Medium for A. gracile ............................................... 78 RESPIRATION OF SPIRILLA ................................................ 78 Cytochromes of Spirilla ................................................. 79 Nitrate Reduction ................................................. 80 Catalase Activity ................. ................................ 80 Microaerophilism of Spirillum volutans .................. .................... 81 SUGAR CATABOLISM AND TRANSPORT BY SPIRILLA ....... .............. 83 MOTILITY AND FLAGELLA OF SPIRILLA ........... ....................... 84 Number, Configuration, and Behavior of Flagella ......... .................... 84 Coordination and Uncoordination in S. volutans ......... ..................... 86 Practical Applications of Flagellar Uncoordination ........ ................... 88 Source of Energy for Motility of Spirilla .............. ....................... 89 Structure and Chemistry of Flagella and Related Organelles ...... ............. 89 TACTIC RESPONSES OF SPIRILLA .................... ....................","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":"55-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC413939/pdf/bactrev00051-0061.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11969255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meiosis in protists. Some structural and physiological aspects of meiosis in algae, fungi, and protozoa.","authors":"P Heywood,&nbsp;P T Magee","doi":"10.1128/br.40.1.190-240.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/br.40.1.190-240.1976","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship of premeiotic to mitotic DNA synthesis The relationship of DNA replication to recombination Miscellaneous effects on recombination of cytoplasmically inherited determinants during","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":"190-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC413949/pdf/bactrev00051-0196.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11969437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uniform nomenclature for bacterial plasmids: a proposal.","authors":"R P Novick,&nbsp;R C Clowes,&nbsp;S N Cohen,&nbsp;R Curtiss,&nbsp;N Datta,&nbsp;S Falkow","doi":"10.1128/br.40.1.168-189.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/br.40.1.168-189.1976","url":null,"abstract":"Department ofPlasmid Biology, The Public Health Research Institute of the City ofNew York, Inc., New York, New York 10016*; Division ofBiology, University ofTexas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080; Department ofMedicine, Stanford University School ofMedicine, Stanford, California 94305; Department of Microbiology, University ofAlabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294; Department of Bacteriology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 OHS, England; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":"168-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC413948/pdf/bactrev00051-0174.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12443807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical genetics of Neurospora crassa conidial germination.","authors":"J C Schmit,&nbsp;S Brody","doi":"10.1128/br.40.1.1-41.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/br.40.1.1-41.1976","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION ....................... ..................................... 2 THE THREE PHASES OF THE ASEXUAL LIFE CYCLE OF NEUROSPORA CRASSA ............................................................... 2 Conidial Germination ...................... ................................. 2 Vegetative Growth.......................................................... 2 Conidiation ................3................................................3 CONIDIA ARE DORMANT SPORES ................... ...................... 4 COMPARISON OF THE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF CONIDIA AND MYCELIA ........................................................... 5 Ultrastructure ........................................................... 5 Cell Wall ........................................................... 5 Lipids ........................................................... 6 Protein ........................................................... 6 Nucleic Acids ........................................................... 6 DNA and Chromatin .................................................... 6 RNA ................................................................ 7 Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds ................... ....................... 7 Exocellular Enzymes .................................................... 8 CONIDIAL GERMINATION .................................................. 9 BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES THAT OCCUR DURING CONIDIAL GERMINATION 11 Metabolic Intermediates .................................................... 12 Endogenous Amino Acid Pools ............................................. 12 Pyridine Nucleotides .................................................... 13 Glutathione Thiol-Disulfide Status ................. ........................ 13 Macromolecules ..................................................... ........ 13 Protein Synthesis and Polysome Assembly ........... ....................... 13 RNA Synthesis ..................................................... 14 DNA Synthesis and Nuclear Division .............. ......................... 15 Cell Wall Polymers ..................................................... 15 Specific Activity of Enzymes ................................................ 16 Molecular Transport .................................................... 19 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation ........ .................. 20 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CONIDIAL GERMINATION ....... ................. 20 Methods for Characterization of Mutants ............. ........................ 21 Spot Test, Microscopy Observation of Germ Tube Formation ...... .......... 21 Colony Formation, Plating Efficiency .............. ........................ 21 Growth of Individual Conidia in Liquid Media ......... ..................... 21 Germination in Shake Cultures............................................ 21 Selection of Mutants .................................................... 22 Heterocaryon Analysis .................................................... 22","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC413933/pdf/bactrev00051-0007.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11229829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical genetics of Neurospora crassa conidial germination.","authors":"J. Schmit, S. Brody","doi":"10.1128/MMBR.40.1.1-41.1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.40.1.1-41.1976","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION ....................... ..................................... 2 THE THREE PHASES OF THE ASEXUAL LIFE CYCLE OF NEUROSPORA CRASSA ............................................................... 2 Conidial Germination ...................... ................................. 2 Vegetative Growth.......................................................... 2 Conidiation ................3................................................3 CONIDIA ARE DORMANT SPORES ................... ...................... 4 COMPARISON OF THE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF CONIDIA AND MYCELIA ........................................................... 5 Ultrastructure ........................................................... 5 Cell Wall ........................................................... 5 Lipids ........................................................... 6 Protein ........................................................... 6 Nucleic Acids ........................................................... 6 DNA and Chromatin .................................................... 6 RNA ................................................................ 7 Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds ................... ....................... 7 Exocellular Enzymes .................................................... 8 CONIDIAL GERMINATION .................................................. 9 BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES THAT OCCUR DURING CONIDIAL GERMINATION 11 Metabolic Intermediates .................................................... 12 Endogenous Amino Acid Pools ............................................. 12 Pyridine Nucleotides .................................................... 13 Glutathione Thiol-Disulfide Status ................. ........................ 13 Macromolecules ..................................................... ........ 13 Protein Synthesis and Polysome Assembly ........... ....................... 13 RNA Synthesis ..................................................... 14 DNA Synthesis and Nuclear Division .............. ......................... 15 Cell Wall Polymers ..................................................... 15 Specific Activity of Enzymes ................................................ 16 Molecular Transport .................................................... 19 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation ........ .................. 20 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CONIDIAL GERMINATION ....... ................. 20 Methods for Characterization of Mutants ............. ........................ 21 Spot Test, Microscopy Observation of Germ Tube Formation ...... .......... 21 Colony Formation, Plating Efficiency .............. ........................ 21 Growth of Individual Conidia in Liquid Media ......... ..................... 21 Germination in Shake Cultures............................................ 21 Selection of Mutants .................................................... 22 Heterocaryon Analysis .................................................... 22","PeriodicalId":55406,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriological Reviews","volume":"190 1","pages":"1-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63727484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}