Experimental Techniques最新文献_第2页

Parametric Data Collection of Spheres Rolling on an Oscillating Track 球在振荡轨道上滚动的参数数据采集

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00785-6

J. Arbaiza, D. Boyajian

{"title":"Parametric Data Collection of Spheres Rolling on an Oscillating Track","authors":"J. Arbaiza, D. Boyajian","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00785-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00785-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A physical model consisting of a ball rolling up and down a beam, the latter being subject to forced oscillations from an actuator, was constructed and utilized to track the location of the ball at any instant in time. From this, the response involving the position data collected subsequently enabled for the velocity and acceleration profiles to be determined. A four-bar linkage assembly was engineered and outfitted with an integrated stepper motor to minimize the dynamic unbalance of the motor onto the system and to keep the ball rolling back-and-forth smoothly. The experiment was videotaped to enable data collection of the ball as it rolled through start-and-stop measurements of its position at certain intervals of time. A parametric study on three different spheres consisting of: marble, ABS plastic, and steel, was conducted to gauge differences in the motion data collected based upon the different materials as well as sphere sizes considered. As elaborated upon in the following review of the literature, implications of this study have engineering applications to better understand the dynamics of important mechanisms such as that of pendulum-tuned mass dampers, among others, for seismic energy dissipation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 5","pages":"863 - 871"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Investigation into Practical Implementation of MEMS Sensors for Low-Speed Condition Monitoring Applications 用于低速状态监测的MEMS传感器的实际实现研究

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00782-9

H. M. Praveen, S. P. Singh

{"title":"An Investigation into Practical Implementation of MEMS Sensors for Low-Speed Condition Monitoring Applications","authors":"H. M. Praveen, S. P. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00782-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00782-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Condition monitoring is a vital tool for engineers to ensure equipment uptime. Piezoelectric sensors are by far the preferred choice for sensors owing to their high dynamic range and performance. While industrial equipments have a monitoring system based on vibration or lubrication quality, small-scale commercial equipments may not have such sensors and monitoring systems owing to the associated cost and complexity of the system. MEMS based accelerometers are currently popular for a wide range of consumer hardware due to their low cost and satisfactory dynamic range. While a budget MEMS accelerometer cannot be directly compared to standardized piezoelectric accelerometer, they are just a fraction of the cost and have a frequency response range which are suitable for most generic machines. Machines such as water pumps, gearboxes, compressors, exhaust fans and motors in combination with integrated MEMS sensors and IOT hardware will allow for development of smart machines. These machines can stay connected with a modern home or small-scale commercial automation systems which would provide a user with the real time information regarding the machine’s condition. Selecting the appropriate accelerometer while balancing cost and frequency response can have a significant impact on the health prediction capability. This paper reports a study conducted on the MMA7361 Triaxial accelerometer and its feasibility for simple condition monitoring applications implementing machine learning approaches. A benchmarking test was performed on the MEMS accelerometer and compared with a standard Piezoelectric accelerometer. The MEMS accelerometer was also used to diagnose the fault of a compact bevel gearbox.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 5","pages":"965 - 982"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative Comparisons of Image Quality for Flash X-Ray Detectors 闪光x射线探测器图像质量的定量比较

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00783-8

F. Wilson, K. Harke, A. J. Hardy, D. J. Kline, K. T. Sullivan, J. Tringe, C. P. Frick, V. Eliasson

{"title":"Quantitative Comparisons of Image Quality for Flash X-Ray Detectors","authors":"F. Wilson, K. Harke, A. J. Hardy, D. J. Kline, K. T. Sullivan, J. Tringe, C. P. Frick, V. Eliasson","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00783-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00783-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to X-rays’ ability to penetrate materials, flash X-ray radiography can be used for high-speed measurements where direct optical access is not possible. Choice of detector has a pronounced impact on resulting image quality. Four different detector systems were evaluated with a 450kVp flash source to quantitatively compare image quality metrics. The scintillating digital detector had less image noise than the three different storage phosphor computed radiography detectors across all transmission levels, but lacked the spatial resolution of the computed radiography detectors. For the screens tested here, the HPX-DR digital system had the highest signal to noise ratio of 68.24 and contrast to noise ratio of 35.53, but had a the lowest spatial resolution, resolving 2.5 line pairs per millimeter at 1.78<span>(%)</span> contrast. At a value of 37.59, the Flex GP imaging plate had a signal to noise value above its storage phosphor counterparts under a 450kVp flash source. For radiographic setups typically used for dynamic experiments, the Flex XL Blue and Flex HR detectors had signal to noise ratios of 18.44 and 26.56 respectively. The highest resolved spatial frequencies of the Flex GP, Flex XL Blue, and Flex HR with the flash source are 3.85, 5.00, and 3.85 line pairs per millimeter, respectively. The Flex GP detector had the best combination of signal to noise ratio, contrast to noise ratio, and spatial resolution under a flash source.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 5","pages":"849 - 861"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Semi-Analytical Study by Nonlinear Substructure Method Based on Frequency Response Functions to Determine Folding Wing Dynamic Behavior with Nonlinear Effects 基于频响函数的非线性子结构法求解非线性效应下折叠翼动力特性的半解析研究

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00775-8

M. Ghadimi, R. Azarafza, A. Davar, J. Eskandari Jam

{"title":"Semi-Analytical Study by Nonlinear Substructure Method Based on Frequency Response Functions to Determine Folding Wing Dynamic Behavior with Nonlinear Effects","authors":"M. Ghadimi, R. Azarafza, A. Davar, J. Eskandari Jam","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00775-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00775-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Folding wings are used in the design of rockets or airplanes to increase space and maneuverability. To ensure proper operation of the folding wing mechanism, some free play is required, causing it to behave non-linearly. This research uses a nonlinear method based on frequency response functions, considering the structure connection's geometry, by creating a nonlinear dynamic model of the assembled structure and through the structural coupling method that includes free play in the connections. Also, a new technique is presented that uses the results of the substructure method to extract energy diagrams, which are useful in determining the frequency range in which linear and nonlinear modes are coupled. These results are significant for understanding the behavior of the structure under aerodynamic loads and optimizing its performance. To verify the results, nonlinear sinusoidal vibration experiments and finite element analysis were performed. The extracted dynamic model in each frequency mode allows for examining the linearity or nonlinearity, stiffness or softness of the modes, and determining the degree of nonlinearity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 5","pages":"829 - 848"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Torque Converter Dynamic Characterization Using Torque Transmissibility Frequency Response Functions: Open Clutch, Hydro-Mechanical Response 利用转矩传递率频率响应函数的变矩器动态特性：开式离合器、液压机械响应

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00777-6

L. Jurmu, D. Robinette, J. Blough, C. Reynolds

{"title":"Torque Converter Dynamic Characterization Using Torque Transmissibility Frequency Response Functions: Open Clutch, Hydro-Mechanical Response","authors":"L. Jurmu, D. Robinette, J. Blough, C. Reynolds","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00777-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00777-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The torque transmissibility frequency response functions of four torque converters were measured over a range of operating conditions. In previous works, frequency response function measurements of torque converters contained test setup dynamics which dominated the measurements. Thus, a unique torque converter dynamometer was deployed to measure said frequency response functions and to quantify torsional vibration isolation performance. The frequency response of the hydro-mechanical torque converter was measured under simulated powertrain boundary conditions and separate from other powertrain dynamics. The tested hardware variations covered a range of K-factor, diameter, and lockup clutch damper architectures. The experimental results demonstrated the presence of a damper mode (only present in the turbine damper architectures), which showed that the open torque converter transmits enough torsional vibration to excite downstream damper springs. A lumped parameter model of the torque converter and test setup, containing a widely used hydrodynamic torque converter sub-model, was also validated with the test data. The hydrodynamic torque converter behaved like a low pass filter in the frequency domain, and its performance was characterized with a cutoff frequency. The best correlated model had an average percent error of 10% in the 0–10 Hz frequency range, showing that an accurate prediction of the frequency response could be obtained in the 0–10 Hz range from the hydrodynamic torque converter model. The lumped parameter model consistently overpredicted the natural frequency of the damper mode, and inertial coupling between the working fluid and mechanical torque converter elements or the sensitivity of friction parameters were presented as possible explanations for the natural frequency error.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 5","pages":"811 - 827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Mechanical Approach to Actuator Durability Testing: Design and Implementation of a Compression Spring System 执行机构耐久性测试的机械方法：压缩弹簧系统的设计与实现

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00780-x

E. Sanatizadeh, M. Rezaee

引用次数: 0

Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation Behaviour of U-Notched 316 L Specimen Under Strain-Controlled Mode 应变控制模式下u形缺口316l试样疲劳裂纹扩展行为研究

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00778-5

X. Chen, W. Zhang, Q. Yang, P. Yin, C. Zhou

{"title":"Investigation on Fatigue Crack Propagation Behaviour of U-Notched 316 L Specimen Under Strain-Controlled Mode","authors":"X. Chen, W. Zhang, Q. Yang, P. Yin, C. Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00778-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00778-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the practical service condition, the strain-controlled fatigue is an important reason for component failure, which cannot be demonstrated by the traditional fatigue crack growth test under stress-controlled mode in accordance to ASTM E647. Therefore, this study is devoted to investigating the fatigue crack propagation behaviour of U-notched specimen under strain-controlled mode. The numerical study is firstly performed to clarify the stress/strain concentration effect and crack tip mechanical behaviour, which is then validated by strain-controlled fatigue tests. The compliance method is also adopted to calibrate the crack length obtained by optical measurement. A modified geometry factor for stress intensity factor (SIF) <i>K</i> considering short crack is proposed for comparison with a <i>J</i>-integral solution based on Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) method. Digital image correlation (DIC) technology is also adopted to capture the strain field at crack tip to validate the numerical strain distribution. Moreover, different fracture parameters, including Δ<i>K</i> and Δ<i>J</i>, are applied to characterize the crack driving force. It is shown that the strain concentration phenomenon at the notch root can reflect the accumulation of fatigue damage. The Δ<i>K</i> under small scale yielding (SSY) situation is not applicable due to the large plastic deformation occurring at the crack tip. Whereas, agreement is found between crack propagation rate and the fracture parameter Δ<i>J</i> based on the elastic-plastic fracture mechanics (EPFM).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 4","pages":"743 - 761"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of Dynamic Tensile Experiment for Polyurethane 聚氨酯动态拉伸试验设计

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00781-w

Zou Guangping, Na Xinyu, Liang Zheng, Chang Zhongliang, Yan Anshi

{"title":"Design of Dynamic Tensile Experiment for Polyurethane","authors":"Zou Guangping, Na Xinyu, Liang Zheng, Chang Zhongliang, Yan Anshi","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00781-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00781-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The low wave velocity of stress waves in viscoelastic polymer materials makes it difficult for viscoelastic materials to maintain dynamic equilibrium in dynamic loading experiments. There is a scarcity of research findings on dynamic experiments of viscoelastic materials, particularly in the realm of dynamic tensile tests. To investigate the dynamic tensile mechanical behavior of viscoelastic materials, polyurethane (PU) was chosen as the subject of study. Electronic universal testing machines were used to conduct quasi-static tensile experiments at strain rates of 0.001<span>(:{s}^{-1})</span>, 0.005<span>(:{s}^{-1})</span>, and 0.025<span>(:{s}^{-1})</span>, verifying the tensile mechanical behavior of viscoelastic PU under quasi-static experimental conditions. Using the split Hopkinson tensile bar (SHTB) as the dynamic loading apparatus, we simulated and verified the propagation patterns of dynamic tensile waves under various experimental scenarios. The most suitable connection scheme was then selected for experimental validation. Based on the macro and micro experimental analysis results obtained under the incident tensile wave, we determined the dynamic tensile experimental scheme for viscoelastic materials that fulfills the stress equilibrium condition. Additionally, we obtained the design results for the incident wave shape and the dimensions of the dynamic tensile samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 4","pages":"567 - 579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leakage Prediction of a Bolted-Flange-Joint Subjected to Axial Cyclic Loading Based on Magnetic Measurement Method 基于磁测法的轴向循环载荷下螺栓-法兰连接泄漏预测

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-025-00779-4

Y. Wang, J. Fan, H. Jiang

{"title":"Leakage Prediction of a Bolted-Flange-Joint Subjected to Axial Cyclic Loading Based on Magnetic Measurement Method","authors":"Y. Wang, J. Fan, H. Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s40799-025-00779-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-025-00779-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In oil and gas production operations, complex and variable cyclic external loads can trigger bolt loosening, leading to flange leakage, blowout, and other severe accidents. In-service flange leak monitoring is challenging owing to the limited working conditions and equipment integration costs. In addition, most current seal evaluation methods are not applicable to verification in vibrational working conditions. This study proposes a method for predicting the leakage rate of bolted flange joints based on the degree of bolt loosening under dynamic load conditions, which can directly monitor and evaluate the sealing status of flanges in service in real time. This method employs a low-cost, highly stress-sensitive, and stable magnetic measurement method to determine the change in the loosening index of the bolt, analyse its influence on the contact stress of the gasket by finite-element simulation, and propose a leakage prediction model based on critical contact mechanical parameters by simulating contact with a rough surface. The method was verified by a bolt loosening and flange leakage monitoring test under axial cyclic loadings, and provides a new method for evaluating the sealing performance of in-service flanges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 4","pages":"727 - 741"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Efficacy of Python-Driven Automated Machine Vision Algorithms for Inspection in Sheet Metal Forming 探索蟒蛇驱动的自动机器视觉算法在钣金成形检测中的有效性

IF 1.9 4区工程技术

Experimental Techniques Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40799-024-00773-2

Pratheesh Kumar S, Nharguna Nangai M B

{"title":"Exploring the Efficacy of Python-Driven Automated Machine Vision Algorithms for Inspection in Sheet Metal Forming","authors":"Pratheesh Kumar S,  Nharguna Nangai M B","doi":"10.1007/s40799-024-00773-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40799-024-00773-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research explores the application of Python-driven automated machine vision algorithms for inspection in sheet metal forming, a critical manufacturing process. The study addresses the need for advanced, reliable, and efficient inspection techniques to enhance quality control, thereby improving product performance and manufacturing efficiency. The methodology used in this research involves inspecting formed sheet metal products using Python-based methods, namely the Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) and Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC), along with MATLAB for image correlation, are applied directly for contour inspection. In addition to contour inspection, feature detection, which includes dimensional measurement, is also carried out as a critical part of assessing the quality and performance of the formed sheet metal products. This research integrates machine vision algorithms with Python, offering a comprehensive inspection of sheet metal products. The use of Python-based methods and the Hough Transform (HT) algorithm for inspecting sheet metal formed components introduces a novel approach with immense potential for enhancing efficiency in the quality control of the sheet metal inspection process. This signifies a notable breakthrough in automated inspection within the sheet metal forming industry, allowing comprehensive inspection of both features and dimensional measurements. By adopting the most effective method, manufacturers in the sheet metal fabrication field can enhance inspection efficiency and accuracy, thereby improving product quality and operational performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":553,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Techniques","volume":"49 4","pages":"703 - 726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0