{"title":"Children’s shyness and early stages of emotional face processing","authors":"Kristie L. Poole, Teena Willoughby","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ability to detect and recognize facial emotions emerges in childhood and is important for understanding social cues, but we know relatively little about how individual differences in temperament may influence early emotional face processing. We used a sample of 419 children (<em>M</em><sub><em>age</em></sub> = 10.57 years, <em>SD</em> = 1.75; 48% female; 77% White) to examine the relation between temperamental shyness and early stages of emotional face processing (assessed using the P100 and N170 event-related potentials) during different facial expressions (neutral, anger, fear, and happy). We found that higher temperamental shyness was related to greater P100 activation to faces expressing anger and fear relative to neutral faces. Further, lower temperamental shyness was related to greater N170 activation to faces expressing anger and fear relative to neutral faces. There were no relations between temperamental shyness and neural activation to happy faces relative to neutral faces for P100 or N170, suggesting specificity to faces signaling threat. We discuss findings in the context of understanding the early processing of facial emotional display of threat among shy children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 108771"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140068966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of culture on emotion suppression: Insights from an electrophysiological study of emotion regulation in Japan","authors":"Brian Kraus , Kongmeng Liew , Shinobu Kitayama , Yukiko Uchida","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prior theory and evidence suggest that native East Asians tend to down-regulate their emotional arousal to negatively valenced experiences through expressive suppression, an emotion regulation technique focused on suppressing one’s emotional experience. One proposed explanation for this choice of regulation strategy and its efficacy is rooted in their commitment to the cultural value of interdependence with others. However, prior work has not yet thoroughly supported this hypothesis using in vivo neural correlates of emotion regulation. Here, we utilized an established electroencephalogram (EEG) correlate of emotional arousal, the late positive potential (LPP), to examine whether down-regulation of the LPP in native East Asians might be particularly pronounced for those relatively high in interdependent self-construal. In this study, native Japanese participants attempted to suppress their emotional reaction to unpleasant images during EEG recording. In support of the hypothesis that emotion suppression among native East Asians is influenced by the cultural value of interdependence, there was a significant effect of interdependent self-construal on the LPP. Specifically, those relatively high in interdependent (versus independent) self-construal exhibited a smaller LPP in response to unpleasant pictures when instructed to suppress their emotions versus a passive viewing condition. However, this effect was negligible for those relatively low in interdependent self-construal, suggesting that cultural values impact the in vivo efficacy of different emotion regulation techniques. These results demonstrate the importance of identifying correspondence between self-report measures and in vivo correlates of emotion regulation in cross-cultural research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 108767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139991979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Petra Csizmadia , Boglárka Nagy , Lili Kővári , Zsófia Anna Gaál
{"title":"Exploring the role of working memory gate opening process in creativity: An ERP study using the reference-back paradigm","authors":"Petra Csizmadia , Boglárka Nagy , Lili Kővári , Zsófia Anna Gaál","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated the relationship between the gate opening process of working memory and an individual's proficiency in divergent (DT) and convergent thinking (CT) using the reference-back paradigm. Event-related potentials and reaction times were measured across groups with varying DT (N = 40, 27.35 ± 5.05 years) and CT levels (N = 40, 27.88 ± 4.95 years). Based on the role of striatal dopamine in supporting cognitive flexibility, which facilitates DT, and considering the significance of phasic dopamine activity as the gate opening signal originating from the basal ganglia, we assumed that the gate opening process may contribute differently to DT and CT. Despite the absence of behavioural differences in gate opening costs, distinct neural patterns emerged. In the early time windows (P1, N1), gate opening effects were detected in both DT and CT groups, with a notable interaction influenced by the level of DT, resulting in significant effects within the lower DT group. The P2 component showed a gate opening effect only in the higher DT group. In the P3 time window, the process unfolded comparably in all groups. Our results suggest that groups with different levels of convergent thinking (based on Matrix reasoning) and those with lower DT (based on Creativity Index) tend to select and activate the prefrontal cortex representation containing the required task information at an earlier stage, compared to those with better DT. This could be beneficial especially in the early phase of idea generation, as more elements become available to create associations and original ideas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 108765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301051124000243/pdfft?md5=1a11587aa0a60f80b4795cc6f8d13816&pid=1-s2.0-S0301051124000243-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139991978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In the anticipation of threat: Neural regulatory activity indicated by delta-beta correlation and its relation to anxiety","authors":"Zhiling Qiao , Eefje S. Poppelaars , Xuebing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The anticipation of oncoming threats is emotionally challenging and related to anxiety. The current study aimed to investigate the neural regulatory processes during the anticipatory preparations in stressful situations in relation to trait anxiety, especially in an uncertainty-related stressful situation. To this end, we measured within-subjects delta-beta amplitude-amplitude correlation (AAC) and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) with electroencephalography using a well-defined stress-inducing paradigm in 28 high-trait-anxiety (HTA) and 29 low-trait-anxiety (LTA) college students. Specifically, a threat probability task was conducted, where participants anticipated the future stimuli under the uncertain (i.e., an average of 50% electric shocks), certain (i.e., 100% electric shocks) and no threat conditions, as well as a resting state task. Results showed a generally larger delta-beta AAC in the LTA group relative to the HTA group across conditions, supporting the hypothesis that delta-beta AAC reflects the efficiency of stress regulation and trait anxiety could compromise this adaptive regulatory activity. Furthermore, a larger delta-beta PAC was found under the uncertain threat condition relative to the no threat condition, indicating the sensitivity of delta-beta PAC in reflecting state anxiety. These findings indicate that while delta-beta AAC is more related to trait anxiety and could distinguish between high and low trait anxiety irrespective of conditions, delta-beta PAC is more related to state anxiety and is sensitive enough to detect the uncertainty-related anxious state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 108769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff , Jamie L. Hanson , Paula L. Ruttle , Brandon Smith , Seth D. Pollak
{"title":"Cortisol’s diurnal rhythm indexes the neurobiological impact of child adversity in adolescence","authors":"Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff , Jamie L. Hanson , Paula L. Ruttle , Brandon Smith , Seth D. Pollak","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adverse early life experiences, such as child maltreatment, shapes hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity. The impact of social context is often probed through laboratory stress reactivity, yet child maltreatment is a severe form of chronic stress that recalibrates even stable or relatively inflexible stress systems such as cortisol’s diurnal rhythm. This study was designed to determine how different social contexts, which place divergent demands on children, shape cortisol’s diurnal rhythm. Participants include 120 adolescents (9–14 years), including 42 youth with substantiated child physical abuse. Up to 32 saliva samples were obtained in the laboratory, on days youth stayed home, and on school days. A 3-level hierarchical linear model examined cortisol within each day and extracted the diurnal rhythm at level 1; across days at level 2; and between-individual differences in cortisol and its rhythm at level 3. While cortisol’s diurnal rhythm was flattened when youth were in the novel laboratory context, the impact of maltreatment was observed within the home context such that maltreated children had persistently flattened diurnal rhythms. The effect of maltreatment overlapped with current chronic interpersonal family stress. Results are consistent with the idea that maltreatment exerts a robust, detrimental impact on the HPA axis and are interpreted in the context of less flexibility and rhythmicity. The HPA axis adapts by encoding signifiers of relevant harsh or unpredictable environments, and the extreme stress of physical abuse in the family setting may be one of these environments which calibrates the developing child’s stress responsive system, even throughout a developmental stage in which the family takes on diminishing importance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 108766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140013734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Commentary to: Standardization of facial electromyographic responses by van Boxtel and van der Graaff","authors":"Ursula Hess , Ottmar V. Lipp","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108763","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 108763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139747855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Holly K. Hamilton , Daniel H. Mathalon , Judith M. Ford
{"title":"P300 in schizophrenia: Then and now","authors":"Holly K. Hamilton , Daniel H. Mathalon , Judith M. Ford","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 1965 discovery of the P300 component of the electroencephalography (EEG)-based event-related potential (ERP), along with the subsequent identification of its alteration in people with schizophrenia, initiated over 50 years of P300 research in schizophrenia. Here, we review what we now know about P300 in schizophrenia after nearly six decades of research. We describe recent efforts to expand our understanding of P300 beyond its sensitivity to schizophrenia itself to its potential role as a biomarker of risk for psychosis or a heritable endophenotype that bridges genetic risk and psychosis phenomenology. We also highlight efforts to move beyond a syndrome-based approach to understand P300 within the context of the clinical, cognitive, and presumed pathophysiological heterogeneity among people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Finally, we describe several recent approaches that extend beyond measuring the traditional P300 ERP component in people with schizophrenia, including time-frequency analyses and pharmacological challenge studies, that may help to clarify specific cognitive mechanisms that are disrupted in schizophrenia. Moreover, we discuss several promising areas for future research, including studies of animal models that can be used for treatment development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 108757"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139668400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanjana Ravi , M. Catalina Camacho , Brooke Fleming , Michael R. Scudder , Kathryn L. Humphreys
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Concurrent and prospective associations between infant frontoparietal and default mode network connectivity and negative affectivity” [Biological Psychology, volume 184 (2023), 108717]","authors":"Sanjana Ravi , M. Catalina Camacho , Brooke Fleming , Michael R. Scudder , Kathryn L. Humphreys","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108773","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 108773"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301051124000322/pdfft?md5=6b22b18a0ce239d788621ee1d9f01fb6&pid=1-s2.0-S0301051124000322-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guangfang Zhou , Xuying Wang , Zhenzhen Xu , Hua Jin
{"title":"The influence of sentence focus on motor system activity in language comprehension and its temporal dynamics: Preliminary evidence from sEMG","authors":"Guangfang Zhou , Xuying Wang , Zhenzhen Xu , Hua Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous research has shown that individual experiences and experimental tasks can influence the occurrence of mental simulation during sentence comprehension. However, little research has focused on the effect of sentence focus on mental simulation and its temporal dynamics. Sentence focus refers to the hierarchical structure of information within a sentence, where focused information represents the most prominent and essential information. In contrast, nonfocused information provides a background for the focused information. The present study investigated whether sentence focus would affect the activity of the motor system in language comprehension and at which stage the effect of sentence focus occurred. We measured spontaneous arm muscle electrical activity by surface electromyography (sEMG) while participants read action-focused, nonaction-focused, and control sentences. We observed greater spontaneous muscle electrical activity in the flexor common muscle of the fingers when participants read action-focused sentences compared to nonaction-focused and control sentences. Additionally, there was an interactive trend between sentence type and time, spontaneous muscle electrical activity while reading action-focused sentences was observed in both early (1 ms to 300 ms after the presentation of the action phrase) and late time windows (901 ms to 1500 ms after the action phrase). The findings suggest that the motor system exhibits flexible engagement during language comprehension and the impact of sentence focus on motor system activity may be throughout both the lexical-semantic retrieval and sentence-meaning integration stages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 108755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"With hand on heart: A cardiac Rubber Hand Illusion","authors":"Jamie Moffatt , Gianluca Finotti , Manos Tsakiris","doi":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Body illusions such as the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) have highlighted how multisensory integration underpins the sense of one’s own body. Much of this research has focused on senses arising from outside the body (e.g. vision and touch), but sensations from within the body may also play a role. In a pre-registered study, participants completed a cardiac variation of the RHI, where taps to the finger occurred in or out of time with the heartbeat. We replicated the RHI effect, showing that synchronous but not asynchronous taps to the real and rubber hand increased sensations of embodiment over the rubber hand and caused a shift in the perceived hand location. However, there were no significant influences of cardiac timing on embodiment, nor did it interact with visuo-tactile synchrony. An exploratory analysis found a three-way interaction between synchrony, cardiac timing and interoceptive accuracy as measured by a heartbeat counting task, such that greater interoceptive accuracy was associated with lower embodiment ratings in the systole condition compared to diastole, but only during synchronous stimulation. Although our novel methodology successfully replicated the RHI, our findings suggest that the cooccurence of vision and touch with cardiac signals may make little contribution to the sense of one’s body.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55372,"journal":{"name":"Biological Psychology","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 108756"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139560170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}