Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland最新文献

{"title":"The composition of apatite in the Archean Siilinjärvi glimmerite-carbonatite complex in eastern Finland","authors":"S. Karvinen, A. Heinonen, Christoph Beier, Niels Jöns","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/96.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/96.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"We present a geochemical dataset and cathodoluminescence images of apatite from the Neoarchean (2610 Ma) glimmerite-carbonatite rocks from the Siilinjärvi complex, Eastern Finland. The subhedral, tapered prismatic grains are compositionally fluorapatite, with limited substitution of Ca by Sr, Na and low REE and Si contents. The Sr/Y ratios are among the highest in a global apatite comparison, comparable to those from other calcite carbonatites, dolomite carbonatites, and phoscorites. Some grains show evidence of late- or post-magmatic interaction with a carbonatite magma or a hydrothermal fluid, resulting in REE-rich overgrowth rims or recrystallized grains with abundant fluid inclusions. We interpret the high Sr/Y ratios combined with low REE contents and depleted heavy REE+Y to represent crystallization from a mantle-derived carbonatite parental magma. We show that the Siilinjärvi apatite is chemically heterogeneous but with a limited range in compositions. There are noticeable compositional differences on all spatial scales from micrometer to tens of meters, i.e., within a single crystal, between crystals in a sample, between samples and the two individual sampling locations. We conclude that the intra-crystal geochemical variability in apatite is a suitable tracer of the magmatic and post-magmatic evolution of carbonatite complexes.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141363824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting potential pollutant release from waste rock at the abandoned Beck mine (Karelia, Russia) by equilibrium kinetic modeling","authors":"Evgeniya Sidkina, Evgeniya Soldatova, Elena Cherkasova, Artem Konyshev, Andrey Toropov, Sofia Vorobey, Mikhail Mironenko","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/96.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/96.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"The Beck mine, located in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, is an abandoned mining site with significant potential for environmental contamination due to the presence of potential pollutants in its waste rocks. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition of mine waters and waste rocks and developed a theoretical model to understand waterrock interactions and the release of potential pollutants. Water samples collected from various locations on the Beck mine property were analyzed for chemical composition and showed low concentrations of total dissolved solids with pH values ranging from 6.42 to 7.74. The chemical composition of natural waters was determined by ICP-MS, ICP-AES, ion chromatography, potentiometric titration, and spectrophotometry. Equilibrium kinetic modeling was used to simulate water-rock interactions. The model predicted the concentrations of major and trace elements, demonstrating that dissolutionprecipitation and complexation are the primary mechanisms shaping the chemical composition of mine waters. The dynamics of dissolution-precipitation of Fe-containing minerals highlighted the importance of the duration of water-rock interaction, with stagnant mine waters exhibiting higher concentrations of heavy metals. In addition, the presence of dissolved organic matter played a critical role in the accumulation of iron and arsenic in the studied mine waters. Overall, this study highlights the utility of equilibrium kinetic modeling in understanding the behavior of heavy metals during water-rock interactions and provides valuable insights into the potential environmental impacts of abandoned mine sites such as the Beck mine.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141363353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ice-marginal ridge relief complex in northern Kola Peninsula (NW Russia): morphology, structure, and genetic interpretation","authors":"A. Vashkov, O. Nosova","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/96.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/96.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"A widely spread ridge relief complex was formed by the last ice cover in the northeastern part of the Kola Peninsula. The complex belongs to the ice-marginal formations of the ice streams of the north-eastern Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. The applied morphometric research technique (including the analysis of the digital elevation model) has allowed identifying the ridge relief complex to make a sub-longitudinal belt. The belt comprises frontal and radial ridges, ridges and hills of the distal part of the belt, and complex-shaped ridges. These landforms were studied in eight outcrops and trenches. The frontal and some complex-shaped ridges consist of basal and ablation tills and glaciofluvial deposits deformed by the east- and north-eastward advancing glacier. The radial ridges composed of glaciofluvial sediments are the eskers. Glaciofluvial deposits with a thin cover of ablation and flow tills form the ridges on the distal part of the belt. They mark the limits of glacier expansion at an individual glacial stage. Some complex-shaped ridges are composed only of the ablation melt-out till and formed in crevasses of dead ice massifs. The ridge relief complex shows morphological similarities with the Veiki moraine in North Sweden, Pulju moraine in Finland, and ridges of the “ice-walled-lake plains” in North America. The location of the moraine ridge landforms is controlled by the topography of crystalline bedrock. During the last glaciation, the glacier retreated in several stages marked by belts of the ridge landforms. Each stage was followed by a series of oscillations corresponding to chains of frontal moraine ridges. The correlation of the ice-marginal forms in other parts of the Kola and Karelia regions allows the authors to refer them to the Neva Stage (other names are Keiva I, Syamozero), which took place in the Older Dryas Stadial.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141362977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1.88 Ga granitoids at Sorsakoski, Central Finland: A-type magmatism within the Raahe-Ladoga suture zone","authors":"Perttu Mikkola, Maija Pietilä, T. Rämö, H. Huhma","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/96.1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/96.1.003","url":null,"abstract":"Four quartz monzonite – granite intrusions forming the Sorsakoski granite lithodeme, are found within the Raahe-Ladoga suture zone in Central Finland. The prevailing potassium feldspar megacrystic quartz monzonites and granites form a bimodal association with diorites and gabbros. The granitoids are mainly calc-alkaline, ferroan, per- to metaluminous, and have high Zr and REE contents. Dominant mafic minerals are biotite and hornblende, clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene are locally present. The mafic units display effects of fractionation of clinopyroxene. In our interpretation, these intrusions were emplaced during regional late stages of deformation and post-crystallisation deformation partitioned into major shear zones leaving bulk of the intrusions relatively undeformed. Based on one new (1876 ± 6 Ma) and one pre-existing (1882 ± 5 Ma) U-Pb zircon age determination, the crystallisation age of the granitoids can be assumed at ca. 1880 Ma. Based on mineralogy, petrography, geochemistry, bimodal nature of magmatism and age, we correlate these intrusions to the A-type rocks of the previously described Saarijärvi suite. This shows that the syn-orogenic A-type magmatism extended eastwards beyond the Central Finland Granitoid Complex.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping, impacts, characterization and extent of acid sulfate soils in Finland","authors":"Peter Edén, A. Boman, Stefan Mattbäck, J. Auri, M. Yli-Halla, P. Österholm","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.2.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.2.003","url":null,"abstract":"Acid sulfate soils (ASS) cause big problems worldwide due to their potential to form sulfuric acid during oxidation of sulfidic materials, resulting in very acid soil (pH <4.0). Impacts include acidification of soil and water, leaching of metals, decreased nutrient supply, deterioration of water fauna and flora, and corrosion of infrastructure. These soils also exhibit poor geotechnical properties. Finland has the largest occurrences of ASS in Europe, mainly along the coast of the Baltic Sea. The EU Water Framework Directive brought about wide co-operation to reduce the harmful impacts of ASS in Finland. One urgent step was to localize and characterize the occurrences of ASS. The more than 10 year-long programme, led by the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), started in 2009 and field work was completed in 2021. During the programme observations, measurements, sampling and analyses were made at 23 000 sites in an area of 5 010 000 ha. Traditionally ASS in Finland have been considered to comprise fine-grained sulfidic sediments and/or their oxidized layers, occurring on agricultural land along the coast below the highest shoreline of the Littorina Sea transgression. This study recognized and classified significant occurrences of other types of potentially harmful ASS materials: (1) coarse-grained ASS (sand), (2) organic ASS (peat) and (3) unsorted ASS (till material). The methods, definition and classification of Finnish ASS have been revised. We calculated the extent of ASS along the coast to be about 1 000 000 ha corresponding to 21% of the area covered in the past by the Littorina Sea, and three to six times more than earlier estimates. In addition, some occurrences of ASS were recognized inland, mainly related to black shales and sulfidic ores. The mapping data can be accessed via the GTK map service (www.gtk.fi) providing information about the distribution and properties of ASS.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New age constraints for metasedimentary rocks in southern Finland","authors":"Paula Salminen, M. Kurhila","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"Metasedimentary rocks from nine sampling sites in southern Finland and an intermediate dyke in one of these sites were sampled for analysis of U–Pb zircon age and geochemical composition. The zircons of the metasedimentary rock samples yield 207Pb/206Pb dates ranging from 3281 to 1810 Ma. The nearly concordant dates from apparent detrital zircon cores indicate a prominent source with age around 2.1–2.0 Ga. The maximum depositional ages estimated for six of the metasedimentary rock samples span from 1.96 to 1.89 Ga. The data from zircon rims and overgrowths and metamorphic zircons in the metasedimentary rock samples indicate regional metamorphic events in the study area at least at ca. 1.89 and 1.84 Ga, and possibly also at ca. 1.87 Ga. The minimum age of the deposition (≤1.89 Ga) was estimated based on the ages of the regional metamorphism and the intrusive rocks. Some zircon rims and overgrowths yield ≥1.91 Ga 207Pb/206Pb dates, which are considered to possibly represent metamorphic events in the source areas.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secular change of tectonic setting in the Archean Takanen greenstone belt, northeastern Karelia Province, Fennoscandian Shield","authors":"V. Järvinen, Nikolaos Karampelas, T. Rämö, T. Halkoaho, Tuomo Törmänen, Perttu Mikkola, Y. Lahaye","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.2.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.2.002","url":null,"abstract":"The target of this study is the Takanen greenstone belt (TGB), a small 11-km-long and east-west oriented supracrustal belt in the northern Lentua complex of the Western Karelia Subprovince (eastern Finland). We present a new geological interpretation of the TGB based on lithology, geochemistry, stratigraphy, and two new zircon U-Pb age determinations and Lu-Hf-in-zircon data. The TGB forms a ���≥800-m-thick synclinal sequence composed of intercalated mafic-���komatiitic and felsic-intermediate volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks (lavas, tuffs, and tuffites) crosscut by granitoid dykes, and metamorphosed in lower amphibolite facies with few primary volcanic textures visible. The felsic-intermediate rocks are calc-alkaline and split into strongly and weakly REE-fractionated groups. The mafic-ultramafic rocks are tholeiitic with flat REE-patterns, but some samples show LREE-enrichment. Massive Fe-sulfide layers (≤��1 m) are associated with volcanoclastic rocks. Komatiites are Al-undepleted and comprise differentiated (peridotite-gabbro) and undifferentiated (dunite/serpentinite) cumulates and thin undifferentiated flows. Channel-facies komatiitic cumulates are found stratigraphically above Fe-sulfide-rich unites and have �potential for komatiite-hosted Ni-deposits. Our new isotope data from two felsic-intermediate volcanic rock samples shows that the TGBs stratigraphically lowermost and uppermost units are 2.96 Ga and 2.71 Ga old, respectively. Based on Hf isotope data, the older 2.96 Ga sample contains reworked crustal material, possibly originating from ~3.2 Ga crust.In contrast, the 2.71 Ga sample is isotopically juvenile (near-chondritic), indicating an episode of juvenile crust formation in the northern Lentua Complex. No unconformity is found between the stratigraphically upper and lower parts of the TGB, but the ~250 Ma age difference (and geochemical indicators) suggests they may have formed in different tectonic settings. The lower part of TGB stratigraphy is correlated with the ~2.94 Ga Luoma Formation in the nearby Suomussalmi greenstone belt. The 2.71 Ga volcanic unit does not have a known equivalent in greenstone belts in Finland, but a corollary is found in Russia, and a tentative correlation to a possible 2.75–2.70 Ga arc-system in Takanen–Khedozero-Bolshozero–Ilomantsi is suggested.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140471659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of acid sulfate soils and soil materials in Finland and Sweden: Re-introduction of para-acid sulfate soils","authors":"A. Boman, Stefan Mattbäck, Marina Becher, M. Yli-Halla, Gustav Sohlenius, J. Auri, Christian Öhrling, Pauliina Liwata-Kenttälä, Peter Edén","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.2.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.2.004","url":null,"abstract":"Established international soil classification systems have not properly accommodated acid sulfate soils (ASS) and soil materials in Finland and Sweden because: (1) in these soils some diagnostic ASS properties are too deep to meet the depth requirements, and (2) there is a lack of defined diagnostic soil classification criteria for acidic and potentially acidic soil materials that do not completely fulfill the diagnostic pH-criterion of pH < 4.0. In this paper, two new ASS materials are introduced with the prefix “para” for parasulfuric material (oxidized material) and parahypersulfidic material (reduced material). These materials have diagnostic pH-criteria of pH 4.0–4.5 and 3.0–3.5 (field-pH for parasulfuric material and incubation-pH for parahypersulfidic material) for mineral and organic soil materials (here defined as > 20% organic matter; peat and gyttja), respectively. The term “para-acid sulfate soil (para-ASS) material” is introduced for soil materials which may have a considerable environmental impact due to mobilization of acidity and dissolved metals. Because organic acids may lower pH to values below the established pH-value of < 4.0 for ASS materials, a pH of < 3.0 is used in the Finnish-Swedish ASS classification for organic soil materials. These changes and new additions to existing diagnostic ASS materials have consequently also led to a slight modification of the required field-pH values of the existing terms “hypersulfidic material” and “sulfuric material”. The Finnish-Swedish ASS classification further includes a systematic way for classification of the entire soil profile and no depth requirements for diagnostic ASS materials are present; what matters is the current or potential environmental impact that the soil has or may have. It is proposed that the Finnish-Swedish ASS classification may serve as a framework for establishing a unified ASS classification globally and that the new diagnostic ASS materials are included in relevant international soil classification systems.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140478000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical and mineralogical characterization of mine tailings at the Rautuvaara mine site and aspects to environmental conditions and resource potential","authors":"Mitro Juutinen, Markku Seitsaari, P. Sarala","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.1.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.1.005","url":null,"abstract":"Mining industry generates a significant amount of waste including waste rock and tailings. The disposal of mine tailings has environmental impacts, such as the releasing of heavy metals to surface and underground waters. Therefore, adequate rehabilitation of mining waste storage facilities is essential. Abandoned tailings ponds may contain significant amounts of valuable minerals, including critical raw materials, and offer opportunities as secondary mineral resources. In this study geochemical and mineralogical characterization were made for the diverse mine tailings of the Rautuvaara tailings pond which was the final disposal site for different ore deposits. The samples were collected from two different locations in the tailings pond, preconcentrated and analysed with several methods including PSA, XRD, FE-SEM, EPMA, pXRF, WD-XRF and AAS. The geochemical results indicate substantially elevated Cu, As, Ni and Zn concentrations in the tailings. Mineralogical investigations revealed that the tailings contain valuable minerals such as gold, cobaltite, and W-bearing rutile. The last could be used as an indicator mineral in tailings classification and possibly also in future ore exploration. The study of secondary mineralogy revealed that the most weathered top layers of the tailings show secondary alteration rims on the surfaces of mineral particles, and the enrichment of As and Ni in the Fe- and Mn-oxide minerals.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48008767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale mapping and scaling analysis of the censored brittle structural framework within the crystalline bedrock of southern Finland","authors":"N. Nordbäck, Nikolas Ovaskainen, M. Markovaara‐Koivisto, P. Skyttä, A. Ojala, Jon Engström, C. Nixon","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"Fracture studies commonly lack data for the length range between 10 m to 1 km. For this reason, scaling laws are required to extrapolate fracture properties, for example in discrete fracture network models. This study focused on analysis and correlation of topology, orientation and length distribution of multiscale fracture datasets to assess their scalability. The used datasets comprise UAV-derived photogrammetric models from natural outcrops and lineaments mapped using airborne LiDAR, bathymetry and aerogeophysical data, in several contrasting scales and resolutions. This study highlights challenges in acquiring uncensored and coherent brittle structural datasets from source data characterized by a large span of resolutions between the remote sensing datasets and models of the fractured outcrop. In specific, collected data was found to be potentially biased and affected by uncertainties related to both the censoring by sedimentary cover and the scale of observation. Our results revealed differences between lineament and outcrop fracture orientations, as well as difficulties in assessing topological parameters from lineament datasets. The 1:200000 resolution was found best suited to the mapping of lineament length and resulted in a length distribution power law exponent of -1.92. For outcrop fractures that are less than 2 m long, the lognormal length distribution provided the only good fit to our data, while the longer outcrop fractures fitted relatively well with a power law exponent of -2.26.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44313356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}