Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland最新文献

Geochemical and mineralogical characterization of mine tailings at the Rautuvaara mine site and aspects to environmental conditions and resource potential Rautuvara矿场尾矿的地球化学和矿物学特征以及环境条件和资源潜力方面

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/95.1.005

Mitro Juutinen, Markku Seitsaari, P. Sarala

{"title":"Geochemical and mineralogical characterization of mine tailings at the Rautuvaara mine site and aspects to environmental conditions and resource potential","authors":"Mitro Juutinen, Markku Seitsaari, P. Sarala","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.1.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.1.005","url":null,"abstract":"Mining industry generates a significant amount of waste including waste rock and tailings. The disposal of mine tailings has environmental impacts, such as the releasing of heavy metals to surface and underground waters. Therefore, adequate rehabilitation of mining waste storage facilities is essential. Abandoned tailings ponds may contain significant amounts of valuable minerals, including critical raw materials, and offer opportunities as secondary mineral resources. In this study geochemical and mineralogical characterization were made for the diverse mine tailings of the Rautuvaara tailings pond which was the final disposal site for different ore deposits. The samples were collected from two different locations in the tailings pond, preconcentrated and analysed with several methods including PSA, XRD, FE-SEM, EPMA, pXRF, WD-XRF and AAS. The geochemical results indicate substantially elevated Cu, As, Ni and Zn concentrations in the tailings. Mineralogical investigations revealed that the tailings contain valuable minerals such as gold, cobaltite, and W-bearing rutile. The last could be used as an indicator mineral in tailings classification and possibly also in future ore exploration. The study of secondary mineralogy revealed that the most weathered top layers of the tailings show secondary alteration rims on the surfaces of mineral particles, and the enrichment of As and Ni in the Fe- and Mn-oxide minerals.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48008767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiscale mapping and scaling analysis of the censored brittle structural framework within the crystalline bedrock of southern Finland 芬兰南部结晶基岩中截尾脆性结构框架的多尺度制图和尺度分析

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/95.1.001

N. Nordbäck, Nikolas Ovaskainen, M. Markovaara‐Koivisto, P. Skyttä, A. Ojala, Jon Engström, C. Nixon

{"title":"Multiscale mapping and scaling analysis of the censored brittle structural framework within the crystalline bedrock of southern Finland","authors":"N. Nordbäck, Nikolas Ovaskainen, M. Markovaara‐Koivisto, P. Skyttä, A. Ojala, Jon Engström, C. Nixon","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.1.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.1.001","url":null,"abstract":"Fracture studies commonly lack data for the length range between 10 m to 1 km. For this reason, scaling laws are required to extrapolate fracture properties, for example in discrete fracture network models. This study focused on analysis and correlation of topology, orientation and length distribution of multiscale fracture datasets to assess their scalability. The used datasets comprise UAV-derived photogrammetric models from natural outcrops and lineaments mapped using airborne LiDAR, bathymetry and aerogeophysical data, in several contrasting scales and resolutions. This study highlights challenges in acquiring uncensored and coherent brittle structural datasets from source data characterized by a large span of resolutions between the remote sensing datasets and models of the fractured outcrop. In specific, collected data was found to be potentially biased and affected by uncertainties related to both the censoring by sedimentary cover and the scale of observation. Our results revealed differences between lineament and outcrop fracture orientations, as well as difficulties in assessing topological parameters from lineament datasets. The 1:200000 resolution was found best suited to the mapping of lineament length and resulted in a length distribution power law exponent of -1.92. For outcrop fractures that are less than 2 m long, the lognormal length distribution provided the only good fit to our data, while the longer outcrop fractures fitted relatively well with a power law exponent of -2.26.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44313356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Clay mineral and Nd, Pb, and Sr isotope provenance of a MIS 4-3 sediment record from the Lomonosov Ridge, central Arctic Ocean 北冰洋中部罗蒙诺索夫海岭MIS 4-3沉积记录的黏土矿物及Nd、Pb、Sr同位素物源

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/95.1.003

Raisa Alatarvas, Ninna Immonen, K. Strand

{"title":"Clay mineral and Nd, Pb, and Sr isotope provenance of a MIS 4-3 sediment record from the Lomonosov Ridge, central Arctic Ocean","authors":"Raisa Alatarvas, Ninna Immonen, K. Strand","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.1.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.1.003","url":null,"abstract":"Modern techniques for detrital mineral provenance were applied to sediment core 96/12-1pc from the Lomonosov Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean. The techniques include quantitative clay mineralogy analysis combined with determination of Nd, Pb, and Sr isotopes from clay fraction. The clay mineral assemblage and the isotope signatures depict distinct changes during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4-3 transition corresponding to the Middle Weichselian deglaciation. This transition is characterised by a homogenous, 48 cm thick, dark grey, silty clay layer with a distinctive IRD concentration, forming a prominent marker bed for the central Arctic Ocean sediments. The elevated smectite and kaolinite contents in the transitional interval are possible weathering products of the Siberian basaltic rocks, such as the Putorana Plateau, feeding the shelves of the Kara Sea and the western Laptev Sea. The Nd and Sr isotope values are compatible with input from the basaltic rocks and fall within the isotopic range of sediments from these shelves. The abrupt changes in the Nd, Pb and Sr isotopic data from the distinct grey layer attributed to the MIS 4-3 transition likely mark a pronounced deglaciation event. An increase in coarse debris in the grey layer indicates a change in the sedimentation regime with a strong iceberg rafting component. This change may also be related to a sudden release of meltwater from a large ice-dammed lake in the northern Siberia.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44780794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The morphostratigraphic imprint of the Baltic Ice Lake drainage event in southern Finland 芬兰南部波罗的海冰湖排水事件的形态地层印记

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/95.1.004

J. Lunkka

{"title":"The morphostratigraphic imprint of the Baltic Ice Lake drainage event in southern Finland","authors":"J. Lunkka","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/95.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/95.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"Digital elevation models, based on laser scanning imageries (LiDAR-DEM) and aided by ground penetrating radar (GPR) data, were used to study glaciofluvial Gilbert-type ice-contact deltas in the Younger Dryas Salpausselkä end-moraine zone in southern Finland. The geomorphological data analysed were used to reconstruct the water-level drop of the late glacial Baltic Ice Lake to the early Holocene Yoldia Sea and tie these changes to a wider stratigraphic context. The results indicate that the sudden drainage event at around 11 650 cal. yrs BP left its imprint not only on the varved sediments but also on ice-contact glaciofluvial deltas in the Second Salpausselkä zone throughout southern Finland. This morphostratigraphic boundary can be placed at locations where the ice-contact deltas occur at two different levels; the higher-level deltas formed during the Baltic Ice Lake B III water-level stage and the lower-level deltas during the Yoldia Sea Y I water-level stage. This morphostratigraphically defined boundary in southern Finland marks the Pleistocene/Holocene chronostratigraphic boundary in southern Finland and shows the corresponding positions of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet’s Finnish Lake District Ice Lobe and the Baltic Sea Ice Lobe.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43333437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: The 3rd PalaeoArc 2022 Conference in Finland 编辑:第三届2022年芬兰古弧会议

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/95.1.002

P. Sarala

引用次数: 0

Implications on crustal structure from the South Finland Coastal (SOFIC) deep seismic sounding profile 南芬兰海岸（SOFIC）深层地震测深剖面对地壳结构的影响

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/94.2.004

T. Tiira, T. Janik, T. Veikkolainen, K. Komminaho, T. Skrzynik, Sakari Väkevä, A. Heinonen

{"title":"Implications on crustal structure from the South Finland Coastal (SOFIC) deep seismic sounding profile","authors":"T. Tiira, T. Janik, T. Veikkolainen, K. Komminaho, T. Skrzynik, Sakari Väkevä, A. Heinonen","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/94.2.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/94.2.004","url":null,"abstract":"We present results from a deep seismic sounding (DSS) experiment carried out along the southern coast of Finland in summer 2015. Data used in the survey derived from industrial blasts recorded by temporary project stations and permanent network stations. The western 220 km part of the 450 km long Southern Finland Coastal (SOFIC) profile runs along the Uusimaa belt (UB) in the 1.7–1.9 Ga Southern Finland subprovince (SFS) of the Svecofennian domain, while the 170 km part in the east crosses the 1.62–1.65 Ga Wiborg rapakivi batholith (WRB). The farthest 60 km cross a geologically diverse area consisting of supracrustal rocks and granitoids of the Saimaa area (SA), an eastern extension of the SFS. Our results show that the Moho boundary depth varies significantly, from ca. 52–54 km below UB to 40–45 km below WRB. All three crustal layers (upper, middle, and lower) have their maximum depth in the contact zone between UB and the WRB. Below WRB, a lower crust with Vp ~6.7–6.9 km/s is observed. High velocity lower crust was observed below UB (Vp ~7.2 km/s) and possibly below SA (Vp ~7.35 km/s). The modelling was based on ray tracing, using the extrapolation of seismic wave arrival times with the help of travel times predicted from a one-dimensional velocity model. The resulting two-dimensional velocity model partly relies on data from the intersecting DSS profiles and supports previous observations of the lithospheric structure of southeastern Fennoscandia.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42270594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Zircon dating of the basalt and felsic dyke in Haveri, SW Finland 芬兰西南部Haveri地区玄武岩和长英质岩脉的锆石定年

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/94.2.001

Jaakko Kara, M. Väisänen, H. O'Brien

引用次数: 2

Hiekkapohja hydrothermal system – ore mineral, lithogeochemical and paleomagnetic evidence from the Paleoproterozoic Central Finland Granitoid Complex Hiekkapohja热液系统——古元古代芬兰中部花岗岩杂岩的矿石、岩石地球化学和古地磁证据

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/94.2.003

E. Heilimo, Sini Halonen, S. Mertanen, Sami Niemi, Perttu Mikkola

{"title":"Hiekkapohja hydrothermal system – ore mineral, lithogeochemical and paleomagnetic evidence from the Paleoproterozoic Central Finland Granitoid Complex","authors":"E. Heilimo, Sini Halonen, S. Mertanen, Sami Niemi, Perttu Mikkola","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/94.2.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/94.2.003","url":null,"abstract":"The Paleoproterozoic Svecofennian Central Finland Granitoid Complex (CFGC) has been regarded as an area of low mineralisation potential. The Hiekkapohja area, 20km north-east of the town of Jyväskylä, host a concentration of variable metalliferous showings. Samples from mineralised boulders and outcrops display variable combinations of anomalously high concentrations of Cu, Mo, Zn, Pb, W, Pb, Ag, As, and Au. The area is composed mainly of peraluminous and ferroan granitoids. The dominant porphyritic Hiekkapohja granodiorite (~1.88 Ga) is cross-cut by the equigranular Soimavuori granite of similar age. The porphyritic Lehesvuori granite on the western side of the study area represents marginally older (~1.89 Ga) magmatism. The paragenetic sequence of the ore minerals shows that the Hiekkapohja area has been affected by at least two separate stages of hydrothermal activity. The first mineralisation stage was widespread, crystallising typically chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, galena, arsenopyrite, magnetite and Ag-bearing minerals. After the first stage, a low temperature oxidising phase formed hematite and marcasite. The second mineralisation stage enclosed low temperature minerals, such as marcasite and native Ag and Ag-minerals, as inclusions inside chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, and arsenopyrite. The mineralised samples typically display signs of K-metasomatism and less commonly signs of propylitic alteration. During the second mineralisation stage the fluid flow was controlled by the dominant 120°–135° trending shear zones. Both the hydrothermal activity and the regional geology indicate that porphyry type ore forming processes have occurred in the Hiekkapohja area. Paleoproterozoic resetting of the remanent magnetisation is further evidence for the role of the hydrothermal system.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49601509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Palaeoproterozoic structural evolution of polyphase migmatites in Olkiluoto, SW Finland 芬兰西南部Olkiluoto地区古元古代多相杂岩的构造演化

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/94.2.002

Jon Engström, A. Kärki, S. Paulamäki, I. Mänttäri

引用次数: 1

Leveraging active-source seismic data in mining tailings: Refraction and MASW analysis, elastic parameters, and hydrogeological conditions 利用尾矿中的有源地震数据：折射和MASW分析、弹性参数和水文地质条件

IF 0.7 4区地球科学

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.17741/bgsf/93.2.002

R. Mollehuara-Canales, N. Afonin, E. Kozlovskaya, J. Lunkka, D. Pedretti

{"title":"Leveraging active-source seismic data in mining tailings: Refraction and MASW analysis, elastic parameters, and hydrogeological conditions","authors":"R. Mollehuara-Canales, N. Afonin, E. Kozlovskaya, J. Lunkka, D. Pedretti","doi":"10.17741/bgsf/93.2.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/93.2.002","url":null,"abstract":"We applied active-source seismic method for the interpretation of elastic parameters in tailings facilities which is essential for evaluating stability and seismic response. The methodology uses different analysis methods on the same dataset, i.e., conventional seismic refraction (SR) to determine compressional-wave velocity (Vp) and multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) to estimate shear-wave velocity (Vs). Seismic velocities in conjunction with tailings physics approach revealed interpretable data in terms of elastic parameters and hydrogeological conditions. The results determined the empirical linear relationships between Vp and Vs that are particular to an unconsolidated media such as tailings and showed that variability of hydrogeological conditions influences the elastic seismic response (Vp and Vs) and the elastic parameters. The analysis of the elastic parameters identified the state condition of the tailings at the time of the survey. The Bulk modulus K that relates the change in hydrostatic stress to the volumetric strain was predominant between 1.0−2.0 GPa. The Young’s modulus E in the tailings media was in the low range of 0.15−0.23 GPa. Poisson’s ratio values in all sections were in the upper limit in the range of 0.37−0.49, meaning that the tailings media is highly susceptible to transverse deformation under axial compression.","PeriodicalId":55302,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49077994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2