Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"A coupled immersed boundary method and isogeometric shell analysis for fluid–structure interaction of flexible and lightweight shells in high-Reynolds number flows","authors":"Keye Yan ,&nbsp;Yue Wu ,&nbsp;Qiming Zhu ,&nbsp;Boo Cheong Khoo","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an efficient numerical framework for simulating fluid–structure interactions (FSIs) involving flexible, lightweight shells subjected to high-Reynolds-number flows. By combining the immersed boundary method (IBM) and isogeometric analysis (IGA), the framework incorporates three major innovations: (1) a wall-modeling, direct-forcing, diffused-interface IBM tailored for FSI simulations with high-Reynolds-number turbulent flows, employing non-equilibrium explicit wall functions; (2) integration of the interface quasi-Newton inverse least-squares (IQN-ILS) method into the IBM/IGA framework to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of iterative Gauss–Seidel coupling in strongly coupled FSI scenarios; and (3) high-order solvers for both fluid and structural domains, featuring a sixth-order compact finite difference method (FDM) for fluid dynamics and isogeometric shell formulations for structural analysis. The framework is validated through four numerical test cases, including simulations of a hinged flag, an inverted flag, a membrane airfoil, and an air-supported membrane structure. The results demonstrate good agreement with reference data, showing the framework’s efficiency, accuracy, and applicability for solving large-scale shell-related FSI problems across diverse engineering and scientific domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117898"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locking and stabilization free Hybrid Virtual Elements for the coarse mesh analysis of elastic thick plates","authors":"F. Liguori ,&nbsp;A. Madeo ,&nbsp;S. Marfia ,&nbsp;G. Garcea ,&nbsp;E. Sacco","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a Virtual Element formulation (VE) for shear-deformable elastic plates. In particular, the Hybrid Virtual Element Method (HVEM) is adopted, which assumes a self-equilibrated stress interpolation and an energy-based projection, eliminating the need for stabilization terms. This choice, together with a cubic linked interpolation for displacement and rotations, makes the approach free from locking, even for very thin plates and highly distorted element geometries. These features enable the proposed VE to achieve high accuracy even for coarse meshes, yielding low errors when compared to analytical solutions and providing a smooth reconstruction of all the stress field components. Furthermore, low error in both the displacement and stress fields are obtained in the challenging case of single element polygonal discretization. The same performance are guaranteed in presence of bulk loads, thanks to a consistent treatment within the projection operation that a-priori assumes equilibrium for the stress field interpolation.</div><div>A random-based benchmark is proposed for assessing numerically the absence of spurious modes in concave and convex distorted elements. The proposed HVEM for plate is validated in classical benchmark problems, demonstrating the superior accuracy of polygonal meshes compared to the quadrilateral ones, for an equivalent number of degrees of freedom. This result is relevant in all the applications where polygonal element shapes are necessary. In addition, it opens up the way to new modeling scenarios where polygonal meshes are preferred not only for their versatility but also for their enhanced accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117883"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analytical exact, locking free element formulation for thin-walled composite Timoshenko beams","authors":"Michael Jäger,&nbsp;Jacqueline Albertsen,&nbsp;Sandro Wartzack","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spatial truss structures represent a robust, cost-effective, and efficient lightweight design, especially when isotropic materials are substituted with lightweight materials such as composites. During early design phases, truss structures are often subject to optimisations. In order to achieve this in an efficient manner, it is essential to employ a precise yet cost-effective computational model. The most common methodology for the analysis of spatial truss structures employs hinged joints in conjunction with struts that are only subject to tension or compression. However, this approach does not account for the bending and coupling effects inherent to struts manufactured from composite materials. In particular, when employing asymmetric laminates, these effects can no longer be ignored. In order to incorporate these effects, it is common practice to use Finite Element Analysis tools. Particularly for large spatial truss structures comprising struts with slender and thin-walled cross-sections, a large number of solid or shell elements is required, which results in time-consuming simulations. This contribution presents a fully analytical thin-walled composite beam element, applicable to an arbitrarily shaped, closed cross-section. The beam model incorporates two distinct composite material models, namely the Classical Laminate Plate Theory and the First Order Shear Deformation Theory. Moreover, it is capable of simulating asymmetric laminates and modelling the coupling effects within these laminates. Utilising the exact third-order solution of a composite <span>Timoshenko</span>-<span>Ehrenfest</span> beam enables the locking-free representation of an individual strut with a single beam element. In comparison to the conventional shell<!--> <!-->/<!--> <!-->solid Finite Element Analysis, this approach results in a substantial reduction in the number of degrees of freedom, by a factor of several orders of magnitude. As a result, the required computational time is significantly reduced. In the case of a single strut, the computational time is reduced by a factor between 160 and 430. For an exemplary truss structure comprising 64 struts, a reduction in computational time of approximately 100<!--> <!-->000 times is reached. The numerical comparisons presented in this contribution demonstrate that the model is highly accurate, particularly for tubular and elliptical cross-sections including symmetric and asymmetric laminates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117886"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explicit Dual-Mesh virtual element method for 2D nonlinear dynamic problems","authors":"Ruopu Zhou,&nbsp;Zhixin Zeng,&nbsp;Xiong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel explicit Dual-Mesh virtual element method (DM-VEM) for two dimensional nonlinear dynamic problems is proposed. The DM-VEM employs an Eulerian background grid to solve the momentum equation of the virtual element method (VEM), which significantly improves the spatial stability and the temporal stability of the VEM. An explicit critical time step formula is first developed for one dimensional problems and then extended to two dimensional problems, which takes the effect of vertex position and neighboring cell interaction into consideration. An efficient Lagrangian multiplier contact method based on the background grid is also proposed to deal with contact phenomena. Several numerical examples are studied to verify the proposed explicit DM-VEM in nonlinear dynamic problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117893"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of damage evolution in CMCs considering the real microstructures through a deep-learning scheme","authors":"Rongqi Zhu,&nbsp;Guohao Niu,&nbsp;Panding Wang,&nbsp;Chunwang He,&nbsp;Zhaoliang Qu,&nbsp;Daining Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The real microstructures of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) play a crucial role in determining their damage behavior. However, considering the real microstructure within the high-fidelity numerical simulation usually leads to expensive computational costs. In this study, an end-to-end deep-learning (DL) framework is proposed to predict the evolution of damage fields for CMCs from their real microstructures, which are characterized through computed tomography (CT). Three sub-networks, including the microstructure processing network (MPN), elastic deformation prediction network (EPN), and damage sequence prediction network (DPN), are used to construct a two-stage DL model. In the first stage, the geometrical characteristics of real microstructure are precisely captured by the MPN with over 92 % precision for the yarns and matrix. In the second stage, the elastic deformation predicted by the EPN is taken as the intermediate variable to motivate the damage prediction of DPN with the MPN-predicted microstructure as input. The damage evolution of real microstructure is finally predicted with a mean relative error of 10.8 % for the primary damage variable fields. The high-damage regions in the microstructure can also be accurately captured with a mean precision of 87.9 %. The proposed model is further validated by the <em>in-situ</em> tensile experiment. The micro-cracks are proven to initiate and propagate in the high-damage regions. Compared with the high-fidelity numerical methods, this DL-based method can predict the damage evolution on the fly, avoiding time-consuming computation and poor convergence during the damage analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117923"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clustering-based multiscale topology optimization framework for efficient design of porous composite structures","authors":"Jinlong Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zou ,&nbsp;Zeyang Li ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Kang Gao ,&nbsp;Zhangming Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optimization design of the microstructures and their macro distribution in porous composite structures (PCS) offers significant potential for achieving both lightweight and functional performance. This paper proposes a novel optimization design framework for PCS with varying densities and multiple microstructures. Initially, components topology optimization (TO-Components) using ordered SIMP interpolation is applied to determine the type and density distribution of void, solid and porous materials. Following this, element stress state analysis calculates the stress-to-density ratio (<strong>s_e</strong>) for each porous material element. A two-level k-means++ clustering method, based on <strong>s_e</strong> and density, then replaces the widely used manual partitioning, enabling optimal subregion division for the specified number of microstructure types. This approach identifies representative unit cells (RUCs) for the subsequent topology optimization of RUCs (TO-RUCs). The TO-RUCs process designs the microstructures of each RUC using homogenization theory to minimize strain energy. Three benchmark numerical examples take only 1 to 2 min to complete the full-scale design. Additionally, the scalability of the design for both uniform and variable density PCS is explored. The comparison examples demonstrate that the proposed method reduces optimization time by an order of magnitude while maintaining consistent full-scale compliance, using the same material quantity, compared to existing methods. Finally, additive manufacturing and mechanical testing of the optimized structures confirm the performance benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117881"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic learning from real-world observations of systems with unknown inputs for model-form UQ and digital twinning","authors":"Zimi J. Zhang ,&nbsp;Akmal Bakar ,&nbsp;Adrian Humphry ,&nbsp;Farhad Javid ,&nbsp;Patrick Nadeau ,&nbsp;Mehran Ebrahimi ,&nbsp;Adrian Butscher ,&nbsp;Alexander Tessier ,&nbsp;Jesus Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Charbel Farhat","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In engineering systems, a digital twin serves as a digital replica encompassing both physical assets and their associated processes, such as manufacturing and certification. The implementation of digital twins offers substantial potential for various applications, including improved design, enhanced collaboration, effective energy management, risk mitigation, lifecycle management, and predictive maintenance. However, existing definitions of a “twin” are often ambiguous and lack a structured approach for developing digital twins, particularly for systems with unknown inputs. This paper addresses these shortcomings by proposing a clear definition and a robust methodology for building digital twins. Our methodology integrates projection-based model order reduction, a rapid approach for identifying unknown inputs, and a non-parametric probabilistic method for modeling and quantifying model-form uncertainty. Additionally, it incorporates a probabilistic learning approach for performing stochastic model updating. The effectiveness of this digital twinning methodology is illustrated through a case study involving an elevated truss footbridge located at the Autodesk Research facility at Pier 9 in San Francisco with unknown inputs. This case study underscores the importance of accurately modeling uncertainty to enhance the performance and reliability of digital twins in real-world engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"440 ","pages":"Article 117863"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kolmogorov–Arnold PointNet: Deep learning for prediction of fluid fields on irregular geometries","authors":"Ali Kashefi","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks (KANs) have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs) in deep learning. KANs have already been integrated into various architectures, such as convolutional neural networks, graph neural networks, and transformers, and their potential has been assessed for predicting physical quantities. However, the combination of KANs with point-cloud-based neural networks (e.g., PointNet) for computational physics has not yet been explored. To address this, we present Kolmogorov–Arnold PointNet (KA-PointNet) as a novel supervised deep learning framework for the prediction of incompressible steady-state fluid flow fields in irregular domains, where the predicted fields are a function of the geometry of the domains. In KA-PointNet, we implement shared KANs in the segmentation branch of the PointNet architecture. We utilize Jacobi polynomials to construct shared KANs. As a benchmark test case, we consider incompressible laminar steady-state flow over a cylinder, where the geometry of its cross-section varies over the data set. We investigate the performance of Jacobi polynomials with different degrees as well as special cases of Jacobi polynomials such as Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kinds, and Gegenbauer polynomials, in terms of the computational cost of training and accuracy of prediction of the test set. Furthermore, we examine the robustness of KA-PointNet in the presence of noisy training data and missing points in the point clouds of the test set. Additionally, we compare the performance of PointNet with shared KANs (i.e., KA-PointNet) and PointNet with shared MLPs. It is observed that when the number of trainable parameters is approximately equal, PointNet with shared KANs (i.e., KA-PointNet) outperforms PointNet with shared MLPs. Moreover, KA-PointNet predicts the pressure and velocity distributions along the surface of cylinders more accurately, resulting in more precise computations of lift and drag.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117888"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Path-following strategy with consistent Jacobian for periodic solutions in multi-DOF nonlinear dynamic systems","authors":"Domenico Magisano ,&nbsp;Giovanni Formica","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose an enhanced pseudo-arclength path-following technique for recovering periodic solutions in high-dimensional nonlinear dynamic systems using the Poincaré map method. The key innovation is the direct computation of the Jacobian matrix within the time-marching algorithm used to obtain periodic orbits, including both the monodromy matrix and derivatives with respect to the continuation parameter. For smooth problems, the resulting Jacobian matrix is algorithmically exact: while the equations of motion are approximated using a user-selected time-integration scheme, the differentiation of the computed solution is performed exactly. This approach eliminates the need for numerical differentiation, significantly improving both the efficiency and robustness of the path-following process. Although the theoretical framework assumes differentiability, the method effectively handles piecewise smooth problems as well. Numerical tests demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed approach compared to traditional techniques that rely on numerical differentiation. To further validate its effectiveness and versatility, we present numerical examples involving the Finite Element discretization of three-dimensional problems, including shell structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117896"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-stabilized virtual element modeling of 2D mixed-mode cohesive crack propagation in isotropic elastic solids","authors":"Y. Chen ,&nbsp;D. Sun ,&nbsp;Q. Li ,&nbsp;U. Perego","doi":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cma.2025.117880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive strategy for the simulation of mixed-mode cohesive crack propagation in a mesh of originally self-stabilized Virtual Elements (VEs) is proposed. Exploiting the VEs substantial insensitivity to mesh distortion, the propagating cohesive crack is accommodated within existing self-stabilized first-order quadrilateral VEs by simply adding new edges separated by a cohesive interface. The added edges make however the VE unstable and a new procedure for the stabilization of initially stable VE is developed. The method is formulated within a recently proposed Hu–Washizu variational framework, allowing for a higher order, independent modeling of stresses. In this way, a more accurate estimate of the stress at the tip of the cohesive process zone can be achieved allowing for a more accurate assessment of crack propagation conditions and direction. The proposed method is validated by application to several benchmark problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55222,"journal":{"name":"Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering","volume":"439 ","pages":"Article 117880"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}