Evolutionary Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Virulence evolution during a naturally occurring parasite outbreak.","authors":"Camden D Gowler,&nbsp;Haley Essington,&nbsp;Bruce O'Brien,&nbsp;Clara L Shaw,&nbsp;Rebecca W Bilich,&nbsp;Patrick A Clay,&nbsp;Meghan A Duffy","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10169-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10169-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Virulence, the degree to which a pathogen harms its host, is an important but poorly understood aspect of host-pathogen interactions. Virulence is not static, instead depending on ecological context and potentially evolving rapidly. For instance, at the start of an epidemic, when susceptible hosts are plentiful, pathogens may evolve increased virulence if this maximizes their intrinsic growth rate. However, if host density declines during an epidemic, theory predicts evolution of reduced virulence. Although well-studied theoretically, there is still little empirical evidence for virulence evolution in epidemics, especially in natural settings with native host and pathogen species. Here, we used a combination of field observations and lab assays in the <i>Daphnia</i>-<i>Pasteuria</i> model system to look for evidence of virulence evolution in nature. We monitored a large, naturally occurring outbreak of <i>Pasteuria ramosa</i> in <i>Daphnia dentifera</i>, where infection prevalence peaked at ~ 40% of the population infected and host density declined precipitously during the outbreak. In controlled infections in the lab, lifespan and reproduction of infected hosts was lower than that of unexposed control hosts and of hosts that were exposed but not infected. We did not detect any significant changes in host resistance or parasite infectivity, nor did we find evidence for shifts in parasite virulence (quantified by host lifespan and number of clutches produced by hosts). However, over the epidemic, the parasite evolved to produce significantly fewer spores in infected hosts. While this finding was unexpected, it might reflect previously quantified tradeoffs: parasites in high mortality (e.g., high predation) environments shift from vegetative growth to spore production sooner in infections, reducing spore yield. Future studies that track evolution of parasite spore yield in more populations, and that link those changes with genetic changes and with predation rates, will yield better insight into the drivers of parasite evolution in the wild.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10682-022-10169-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9002213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10687467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered within- and between-host transmission under coinfection underpin parasite co-occurrence patterns in the wild.","authors":"Suvi Sallinen,&nbsp;Hanna Susi,&nbsp;Fletcher Halliday,&nbsp;Anna-Liisa Laine","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10182-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10182-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interactions among parasite species coinfecting the same host individual can have far reaching consequences for parasite ecology and evolution. How these within-host interactions affect epidemics may depend on two non-exclusive mechanisms: parasite growth and reproduction within hosts, and parasite transmission between hosts. Yet, how these two mechanisms operate under coinfection, and how sensitive they are to the composition of the coinfecting parasite community, remains poorly understood. Here, we test the hypothesis that the relationship between within- and between-host transmission of the fungal pathogen, <i>Phomopsis subordinaria,</i> is affected by co-occurring parasites infecting the host plant, <i>Plantago lanceolata</i>. We conducted a field experiment manipulating the parasite community of transmission source plants, then tracked <i>P. subordinaria</i> within-host transmission, as well as between-host transmission to naïve recipient plants. We find that coinfection with the powdery mildew pathogen, <i>Podosphaera plantaginis</i>, causes increased between-host transmission of <i>P. subordinaria</i> by affecting the number of infected flower stalks in the source plants, resulting from altered auto-infection. In contrast, coinfection with viruses did not have an effect on either within- or between-host transmission. We then analyzed data on the occurrence of <i>P. subordinaria</i> in 2018 and the powdery mildew in a multi-year survey data set from natural host populations to test whether the positive association predicted by our experimental results is evident in field epidemiological data. Consistent with our experimental findings, we observed a positive association in the occurrence of <i>P. subordinaria</i> and historical powdery mildew persistence. Jointly, our experimental and epidemiological results suggest that within- and between-host transmission of <i>P. subordinaria</i> depends on the identity of coinfecting parasites, with potentially far-reaching effects on disease dynamics and parasite co-occurrence patterns in wild populations.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10682-022-10182-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9911512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10643354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollination inaccuracy: estimating male fitness in the movement-assisted dichogamous species Clerodendrum infortunatum","authors":"Amritendu Mukhopadhyay, S. Quader","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10221-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10221-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45176355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evolutionary approach by second derivatives of the population growth rate of Castilleja tenuiflora, a hemiparasitic plant with and without hosts","authors":"Luisa A. Granados‐Hernández, I. Pisanty, J. Raventós, E. Ezcurra","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10224-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10224-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47521358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban-rural gradients: how landscape changes drive adaptive evolution of plant competitive traits","authors":"Y. Fukano, K. Uchida, Yuuya Tachiki","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10215-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10215-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44901895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental evidence in a poison frog model suggests that tadpole transport on the dorsum may affects warning signal effectiveness in poison frogs","authors":"María Paula TORO-GÓMEZ, J. D. Carvajal-Castro, Santiago Casas-Cardona, F. Vargas-Salinas","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10219-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10219-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41539599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraspecific variation of reproductive interference capability in Callosobruchus species","authors":"Wataru Mukaimine, Y. Toquenaga","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10223-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10223-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46287609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do common dispersal influences inform a large lizard’s landscape-scale gene flow?","authors":"T. Jessop, Peter J. Smissen, J. Anson, C. Sherman, J. Sumner","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10208-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10208-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43845385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Androgens, antlers, and sexual selection: testosterone’s relationship to reproductive success and associated morphological characteristics in white-tailed deer","authors":"Monet A Gomes, S. Ditchkoff, S. Zohdy, William D. Gulsby, Todd D. Steury, Chad H. Newbolt","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10218-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10218-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42789257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolved tolerance to NaCl does not alter Daphnia response to acute heat stress","authors":"Xinyu Sun, S. Arnott","doi":"10.1007/s10682-022-10220-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10682-022-10220-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55158,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47153614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}