Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology最新文献_第3页

Motion management and image guidance for thoracic tumor radiotherapy: clinical treatment programs. 胸部肿瘤放疗的运动管理和影像引导:临床治疗方案。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1159/000322451

Billy W Loo, Brian D Kavanagh, John L Meyer

引用次数: 14

Intensity-modulated and image-guided radiation therapy for head and neck cancers. 头颈癌的调强和影像引导放射治疗。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1159/000322437

Karen Pat-Ming Chu, Quynh-Thu Le

引用次数: 7

Radiotherapy planning for the lymphomas: expanding roles for biologic imaging. 淋巴瘤放疗计划:扩大生物成像的作用。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1159/000322477

Richard Hoppe

{"title":"Radiotherapy planning for the lymphomas: expanding roles for biologic imaging.","authors":"Richard Hoppe","doi":"10.1159/000322477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000322477","url":null,"abstract":"Radiotherapy planning now uses advanced technologies to accurately image and assess the extent of disease for treatment. PET scanning has become established as perhaps the most important imaging study for patients with Hodgkin's disease. With respect to initial staging, FDG-PET is more sensitive overall than CT scanning. PET can detect disease at sites that do not meet size criteria by CT. Also, PET is more specific than CT alone because of the functional information that it provides. However, some disease may still escape PET imaging, and false negative results can occur. With respect to treatment response, PET has now become accepted as the most important response measure for the lymphomas. Current protocols are investigating the benefit of this information for radiotherapy planning, and even the possible elimination of radiotherapy in patients completely responding to chemotherapy. For radiotherapy planning, PET/CT should be obtained prior to and after chemotherapy; both scans give important information for the design of the radiation treatment. This chapter will review specific guidelines for planning radiotherapy based on these new imaging capabilities.","PeriodicalId":55140,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology","volume":"43 ","pages":"331-343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000322477","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29901933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Advanced technologies in the radiotherapy clinic: system fundamentals. 放射治疗临床的先进技术:系统基础。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-05-20 DOI: 10.1159/000323355

John L Meyer, Michael Sharpe, Kristy Brock, Joseph Deasy, Tim Craig, Douglas Moseley, James Alaly, Konstatin Zakaryan

{"title":"Advanced technologies in the radiotherapy clinic: system fundamentals.","authors":"John L Meyer, Michael Sharpe, Kristy Brock, Joseph Deasy, Tim Craig, Douglas Moseley, James Alaly, Konstatin Zakaryan","doi":"10.1159/000323355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000323355","url":null,"abstract":"The radiotherapy treatment process is undergoing rapid development at every step from planning through delivery, and each step is increasingly automated and assisted by new imaging, positioning, contouring and treatment tools. Plan delivery and verification is now aided using an increasing range of image guidance technologies, and imaging at treatment now brings broad opportunities for dose guidance and adaptation for improving overall treatment quality. While these many tools bring exciting opportunities for exact, reliable and efficient targeting of radiation dose, a consistently high level of accuracy must be achieved at every step to achieve the desired results. This level of workmanship requires thorough understanding of the basic methods involved in each step, including the opportunities and limitations, by both the clinicians and the planning/delivery staff alike. These processes and their clinical implementation are discussed in depth throughout this volume. Here, we overview their integration and guiding background concepts, as well as a range of workday efficiencies for clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":55140,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology","volume":"43 ","pages":"29-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000323355","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29901448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Radiochemotherapy in extensive disease small cell lung cancer ED-SCLC. 广泛病变小细胞肺癌ED-SCLC的放化疗。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-24 DOI: 10.1159/000262474

Branislav Jeremic, Francesc Casas, Luhua Wang, Branislav Perin

{"title":"Radiochemotherapy in extensive disease small cell lung cancer ED-SCLC.","authors":"Branislav Jeremic, Francesc Casas, Luhua Wang, Branislav Perin","doi":"10.1159/000262474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000262474","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) represent approximately one-third of all SCLC patients. For these patients, chemotherapy (CHT) is the standard treatment of choice. With CHT given alone, however, there is not a high risk of distant progression, but also progression within the thorax and brain frequently occurs, even in patients achieving a response to CHT. To improve poor figures obtained with CHT alone and address important issue of intrathoracic tumor control and it relationship to overall survival, thoracic radiation therapy (TRT) was introduced with a curative intent in a prospective randomized trial by Jeremic et al (1988-1993). In that trial CHT alone was compared with CHT followed by TRT, and in both groups by a prophylactic cranial irradiation. This trial showed that TRT can offer an improvement on local control that leads to an improvement in overall survival. Toxicity was acceptable, while multivariate analysis identified number of metastasis as an independent prognosticator of outcome. Based on the data of this trial, researchers in the USA and Europe will undergo two prospective trials addressing the issue of TRT in ED-SCLC.","PeriodicalId":55140,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology","volume":"42 ","pages":"180-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000262474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28543586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Prognostic factors in histopathology of lung cancer. 肺癌组织病理学预后因素分析。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-24 DOI: 10.1159/000262457

Annette Fisseler-Eckhoff

{"title":"Prognostic factors in histopathology of lung cancer.","authors":"Annette Fisseler-Eckhoff","doi":"10.1159/000262457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000262457","url":null,"abstract":"Carcinoma of the lung is the most common cause of cancer-related death in men and women. Prognosis correlates strongly with stage of disease at presentation and to some degree with the histological subtype of the tumor. Histological classifications of lung cancer were some what arbitrary and a matter of convenience. However, multiple lines of differentiation are often found within a single tumor, if it is sufficiently sampled. The new therapeutic approaches especially of non-small cell lung cancer place high demands on pathologists: a clear histological diagnosis with information on the predominant histological subtype is required, obtained by using additional immunohistochemical methods. Using molecular methods, predictive and prognostic factors for adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies can be identified in tumor cells of small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Biological and molecular factors known in this regard include the epidermal growth factor family and its receptors, K-RAS mutations, neuroendocrine tumor differentiation, and nucleotide-excision-repair proteins (ERCC1 and RRM1). Thymidilate synthase is an interesting target for anticancer agents such as the antifolate pemetrexed. Given the aspect of individualized lung cancer therapy, the collective term small cell/non-small cell lung cancer introduced by the groups of Chuang in1984 and Thomas in 1993 can be regarded as no longer sufficient.","PeriodicalId":55140,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology","volume":"42 ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000262457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28543770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Radiotherapy. 放射治疗。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-24 DOI: 10.1159/000262472

Irenäus A Adamietz

{"title":"Radiotherapy.","authors":"Irenäus A Adamietz","doi":"10.1159/000262472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000262472","url":null,"abstract":"The intrathoracic growth of the tumor causes several severe symptoms as cough, dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis, hoarseness, anorexia/nausea, and dysphagia. In patients with manifest or threatening symptoms radiotherapy (RT) as an effective measure should be implemented into the management concept. Palliative RT radiotherapy prefers short hypofractionated schemas (e.g. 10 x 3 Gy, 4 x 5 Gy, 2 x 8 Gy, 1 x 10 Gy). Careful radiation planning supports the precision of palliative RT and reduces significantly the complication rate. A good response and prolonged palliation effects (6-12 months) can be achieved in many cases. However, the minimum biologically equivalent dose should not be less than 35 Gy. RT produces a good outcome in all types of metastases of lung carcinoma. In emergencies like VCSS or spinal cord compression RT should be initiated immediately. The selection of the optimal therapy for locally advanced lung carcinoma with malignant airway obstruction is difficult. Both brachytherapy and percutaneous irradiation are effective, however published results including local a sum of response, functionality and life quality demonstrates more benefit by percutaneous RT. Due to different physical properties of these two methods the combination of brachytherapy and external beam irradiation may be advantageous.","PeriodicalId":55140,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology","volume":"42 ","pages":"164-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000262472","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28543584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controversies in the treatment of advanced stages of small cell lung cancer. 晚期小细胞肺癌治疗的争议。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-24 DOI: 10.1159/000262476

Alexander Schmittel

{"title":"Controversies in the treatment of advanced stages of small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Alexander Schmittel","doi":"10.1159/000262476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000262476","url":null,"abstract":"Small cell lung cancer is a highly proliferative tumor with the potential of early hematogeneous spread. At the time of first diagnosis more than 80% of patients present with distant metastases. Although response rate to chemotherapy is high with > 50% confirmed objective responses, the majority of patients relapse within several months after first-line chemotherapy. The combination of cisplatin plus etoposide has become standard chemotherapy. In contrast to early stages, equal efficacy of cisplatin and carboplatin in combination with etoposide has been suggested in advanced disease in two randomized trials in the 1990s. Newer agents like the topoisomerase I inhibitors topotecan and irinotecan have been investigated for first line treatment. Two phase III studies demonstrated similar efficacy of topotecan when compared to etoposide. Results of first line therapy with irinotecan are more contradictory. A first trial demonstrated superiority of irinotecan/cisplatin over etoposide/cisplatin in a Japanese population. However, two subsequent North American phase III trials showed equivalent efficacy. Recently a Scandinavian phase III trial found superiority of irinotecan/carboplatin over etoposide/carboplatin. Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) after first line chemotherapy has become standard of care in advanced stages, because a randomized phase III trial of the EORTC demonstrated a survival benefit. Second-line therapy in relapsed disease improves survival. A randomized trial showed similar efficacy of topotecan when compared to anthracyline containing chemotherapy, with an improvement of cancer related symptoms in the topotecan arm.","PeriodicalId":55140,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology","volume":"42 ","pages":"193-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000262476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28543588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging for staging of lung cancer. 全身磁共振成像在肺癌分期中的应用。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-24 DOI: 10.1159/000262459

Ralf Puls, Jens-Peter Kühn, Ralf Ewert, Norbert Hosten

引用次数: 2

Stereotactic body radiation therapy for early non-small cell lung cancer. 立体定向放射治疗早期非小细胞肺癌。

Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-24 DOI: 10.1159/000262465

Frank Zimmermann, Jörn Wulf, Ingmar Lax, Yasushi Nagata, Robert D Timmerman, Igor Stojkovski, Branislav Jeremic

{"title":"Stereotactic body radiation therapy for early non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Frank Zimmermann, Jörn Wulf, Ingmar Lax, Yasushi Nagata, Robert D Timmerman, Igor Stojkovski, Branislav Jeremic","doi":"10.1159/000262465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000262465","url":null,"abstract":"For patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) unsuitable for resection local high-dose radiotherapy is the treatment of choice. In modern series even with escalated conformal radiotherapy local control rates of about 55% remain disappointing. Within the last years, stereotactic radiotherapy has been shown an effective treatment approach for early stage malignant lung tumors, combining the accurate focal dose delivery by stereotactic techniques with the biological advantages of dose escalated hypofractionated radiotherapy. Typical treatment regimens include three to five fractions over 1-2 weeks or 1 single fraction as radiosurgery. With adequate staging procedures including FDG-PET-CT scan and a low probability of subclinical involvement of unsuspicious locoregional lymph nodes, the concept is to irradiate the primary T1/2 tumor alone. Recent data report local control rates of up to 90%, with favorable results especially for patients in good general condition. Less than 10% of all patients develop isolated tumor recurrences in regional lymph nodes. Three-year survival is significantly improved to more than 80% when biological effective doses of more than 100 Gy are applied to patients in good conditions. Systemic tumor recurrence still is a major problem, making an additional systemic chemotherapy interesting for selected patients after hSRT, such as those younger than 75 years.","PeriodicalId":55140,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Radiation Therapy and Oncology","volume":"42 ","pages":"94-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000262465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28543696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19