Geothermics最新文献

Assessing the interaction of an energy tunnel with the underground thermal conditions in an urban area

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103350

M. Barla, A. Insana, M.R. Alvi

{"title":"Assessing the interaction of an energy tunnel with the underground thermal conditions in an urban area","authors":"M. Barla, A. Insana, M.R. Alvi","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the very shallow depths of urban areas it is difficult to find natural undisturbed underground thermal conditions because of anthropic interventions. Moreover, these areas are being increasingly used for energy purposes, for example implementing the technology of shallow geothermal systems to provide clean thermal energy and supply the thermal demand of buildings in both winter and summer seasons. The heat exchanged by these types of renewable energy technologies, in particular ground source heat pump systems such as open loop and closed loop ones, in combination with further anthropogenic activities, results in altered thermal regimes in the subsurface. Energy tunnels, which are achieved by thermally activating the tunnel lining, have recently gained attention among closed loop geothermal systems. Therefore, when planning an urban energy tunnel, attention has to be devoted to the initial underground thermal conditions and to the interactions the pre-existing thermal regime will have with the energy tunnel itself. To this aim, the paper outlines a methodological approach which is then applied to a case study in Turin, Italy, where a new metro line is planned. Thermo-hydraulic numerical modelling is adopted to reproduce the thermally disturbed subsurface environment in the study area prior to the energy tunnel’s thermal activation, due to the presence of multiple heat sources (open loop and closed loop systems, underground buildings, car parks and infrastructures), as well as after its commissioning. Results are illustrated in terms of temperature maps and cross sections where the thermally affected zones due to open loop, mainly, and closed loop systems are depicted depending on the operational mode of the shallow geothermal systems. Those results highlight that, when the installation of a new energy tunnel is envisaged, it is necessary to consider the current geothermal exploitation of the area and the operation of neighbouring similar systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An improved modeling method using overlapping meshes for geothermal wellbore simulation

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103345

Peng Hong , Fuyan Zhao , Haiyan Lei , Guiling Wang , Chuanshan Dai

{"title":"An improved modeling method using overlapping meshes for geothermal wellbore simulation","authors":"Peng Hong , Fuyan Zhao , Haiyan Lei , Guiling Wang , Chuanshan Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since temperature and pressure disturbances in geothermal reservoirs are mainly caused by production and injection activities through wellbores, establishing an accurate wellbore model is crucial. However, due to significant size discrepancies between wellbores and reservoirs, accurately resolving the wellbore geometry requires a large number of mesh cells, which seriously reduces computational efficiency. A commonly used method to reduce the mesh cell number is simplifying the wellbore geometry as a point (in 2D) or a line (in 3D). However, existing modeling methods for this simplified wellbore geometry introduce additional errors. To improve calculation accuracy without reducing computational efficiency, we propose an overlapping mesh modeling method, which incorporates one overlapping cell for each wellbore, enabling the wellbore geometry to be considered without impacting the reservoir mesh generation. The wellbore cell can exchange mass and energy with the reservoir cells it covers, ensuring that the temperature and pressure disturbances caused by wells can be simulated accurately. Four benchmark cases were used to verify the present method. The results show that, compared to existing simplified wellbore modeling methods, the present method reduces hydraulic head errors by 1 to 2 m and temperature errors by 1 to 2 ℃ in the vicinity of the wellbore, while the additional computational cost is negligible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial distribution of mercury in geothermal springs and its correlation with tectonic setting in the Bayan Har block of Tibetan Plateau, China

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103351

Ke Zhang , Hongyi He , Ying Li , Chang Lu , Zihan Gao , Zhaofei Liu , Zhi Chen

{"title":"Spatial distribution of mercury in geothermal springs and its correlation with tectonic setting in the Bayan Har block of Tibetan Plateau, China","authors":"Ke Zhang , Hongyi He , Ying Li , Chang Lu , Zihan Gao , Zhaofei Liu , Zhi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mercury (Hg) serves as a pivotal tracer in geothermal systems, elucidating both deep lithospheric processes and surficial environmental dynamics. Constraining the sources and distribution of Hg in hot springs as well as its behavior is essential for unraveling subsurface fluid-rock interactions and assessing potential environmental risks. However, the distribution patterns of Hg in geothermal systems, particularly in tectonically active regions, remain poorly understood. This research investigated the distribution of thermal Hg across the Baryan Har block within the Tibet Plateau, a region featured by intense tectonic activity. Through integrated geochemical analysis of 58 springs, we revealed spatial variations in dissolved Hg concentrations (0.51∼50.66 ng/L, with an exceptionally high value of 1100.5 ng/L), exhibiting relatively higher Hg enrichment in the springs along active fault boundaries (44.35±186.99 ng/L) than that in intra-block region (4.16±4.69 ng/L). Geochemical data suggested that non-geological factors (including atmospheric precipitation and anthropogenic activity) and water-rock interactions involving Hg-bearing minerals were not the primary factors influencing the observed Hg distribution. The positive correlation between Hg and chloride concentrations in springs near block boundary fault indicated that deep fluids might be a significant source of Hg. Additionally, the spatial correlation between Hg concentrations, shear strain rates, and heat flow further confirmed the impacts of tectonic regime on the migration and enrichment of Hg. This research underscores the significance of tectonic activity on governing Hg distribution in geothermal systems, providing a better understanding for the geochemical behaviors of Hg in tectonically active regions and its potential environmental implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of real-time thermal response during rupture of hot dry rock under the shock of liquid Nitrogen circulation

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103346

Honghao Yuan , Qiang Sun , Jianjun Hu , Jishi Geng , Yuliang Zhang , Jikun Wang , Mingbo Chi , Ersheng Zha

{"title":"Characterization of real-time thermal response during rupture of hot dry rock under the shock of liquid Nitrogen circulation","authors":"Honghao Yuan , Qiang Sun , Jianjun Hu , Jishi Geng , Yuliang Zhang , Jikun Wang , Mingbo Chi , Ersheng Zha","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circulating liquid nitrogen (LN<sub>2</sub>) fracturing technology significantly enhances the remodeling performance of geothermal reservoirs in hot dry rock (HDR). This study examines the real-time thermal response characteristics of hot dry rock subjected to thermal shock from the LN<sub>2</sub> cycle. The dynamic evolution and real-time rupture behavior of internal cracks in HDR under LN<sub>2</sub> cycle impacts at varying heating temperatures are captured using acoustic emission technology. The damage mechanism and crack development process of HDR under the LN<sub>2</sub> cycle shock are discussed. Findings indicate that during the early stage of LN<sub>2</sub> cooling, the extreme temperature differential between the HDR surface and liquid nitrogen induces a sharp increase in thermal stress, resulting in notable damage effects, peak acoustic emission energy counts occur. In the middle and late stages of cooling, acoustic emission activity is minimal at heating temperatures of 200 °C and 300 °C, while at 400 °C, high acoustic emission energy is observed. 300 °C-400 °C is the temperature threshold interval for significant changes in damage characteristics of HDR under heating- LN<sub>2</sub> rapid cooling conditions. Additionally, the cumulative energy of the total number of cycles at 300 °C is 46.2 % higher than at 200 °C, and at 400 °C, it is 186.9 % and 96.2 % higher compared to 200 °C and 300 °C, respectively. The degree of damage to HDR escalates with increasing heating temperature and cycle number. The LN<sub>2</sub> cooling process primarily manifests as shear damage, with small amount of tensile damage occurring at higher heating temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Circulation process of geothermal fluids and potential assessment of geothermal resources in the Songwe half-graben and Kiejo-Mbaka prospects in southwestern Tanzania: Insight from hydrochemistry and stable isotopes

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103347

Nyora Donald Kobare , Koki Kashiwaya , Katsuaki Koike , Albano Mahecha

{"title":"Circulation process of geothermal fluids and potential assessment of geothermal resources in the Songwe half-graben and Kiejo-Mbaka prospects in southwestern Tanzania: Insight from hydrochemistry and stable isotopes","authors":"Nyora Donald Kobare , Koki Kashiwaya , Katsuaki Koike , Albano Mahecha","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Songwe and Kiejo-Mbaka geothermal prospects in Tanzania's East African Rift System are anticipated to be harnessed for geothermal power generation by 2030. This study examines the geothermal fluids' origin, evolution, and natural geothermal potential through geochemical analyses of stable isotopes, major ions, trace solutes, and fluid–mineral equilibria. Analysis samples were taken from hot, warm and cold springs, rivers, and rainwater from the prospects. The predominant Na and K in the samples suggest advanced chemical reactions composed primarily of ion exchange and calcite dissolution in the geothermal system. Four reservoirs, Songwe-Rambo and Kaguri (Songwe) and Ilwalilo and Kilambo (Kiejo-Mbaka), are identified as fluid upflow zones of geothermal systems. Mineral equilibria modeling reveals two key features: saturation with carbonate minerals like aragonite, dolomite, and calcite, linked to travertine development near discharge zones, and silica saturation, primarily quartz and chalcedony, across varying temperatures, suggesting potential silica deposits. Estimated reservoir temperatures range from 90 to 135 °C (Songwe) to 100–145 °C (Kiejo-Mbaka), based on geothermometry methods. Given flow rates of 0.05–10 L/s and temperature differences of 20.8–145 °C, the geothermal power potential is assessed at 4 MW<sub>th</sub> for Songwe and 5 MW<sub>th</sub> for Kiejo-Mbaka. The primary source of geothermal fluids is meteoric water, recharged at about 2100 m above sea level, which infiltrates to an average depth of ca. 2000 m, driven by heat sources, before re-emerging at the surface. A conceptual model of the geothermal system over these prospects is developed, enhancing the groundwork for evaluating geothermal resources and planning future exploratory drilling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermo-coupled FSI analysis of high-temperature heterogeneity rocks subjected to jet impingement

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103348

Tao Huang , Xianwei Dai , Qingyou Liu , Haiyan Zhu

{"title":"Thermo-coupled FSI analysis of high-temperature heterogeneity rocks subjected to jet impingement","authors":"Tao Huang , Xianwei Dai , Qingyou Liu , Haiyan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jet impingement is an efficient rock breaking method in the development of geological resources. In high-temperature formations, thermal stress induced by the temperature difference interacts with fluid pressure and impact forces, thus further enhancing the efficiency of rock failure. Meanwhile, the inherent heterogeneity of rocks influences stress distribution and failure characteristics of rocks as well. To elucidate this intricate process, a multi-physics coupling model is developed in the present study, in which the finite-discrete-element method (FDEM) and Weibull distribution are employed to describe the mechanical response and heterogeneity of rocks. The evolution of temperature, stress, and crack propagation are computed to reveal rock failure mechanisms under different formation conditions and jet parameters. The findings indicate that increasing jet pressure markedly increases jet velocity, improves heat transfer efficiency, and changes the transition from heat conduction to convective heat transfer. Thereby, greater thermal stress is induced, which is accompanied by the application of increased jet pressure on the rock surface. The combined effects of these two factors result in an initial decrease followed by a subsequent increase in crack length. Although rock temperature has fewer effects on jet velocity, the heat transfer efficiency also increases at elevated temperatures resulting from the variation of temperature differences. Correspondingly, thermal stress and crack length rise continually. Moreover, heightened heterogeneity exacerbates rock damage. In this research, thermal stress exerts pronounced effects on crack length once rock temperature exceeds 200 °C on the whole. However, the heightened rock heterogeneity can lower the critical temperature threshold for the propagation of cracks. The results of this investigation provide an in-depth insight into the rock failure mechanism influenced by multi-physics coupling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of mechanical behavior and thermal damage of hot dry rock exposing to different cooling conditions

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103332

Zaobao Liu , Yu Sun , Yun Jia , Hanbing Bian , Zhan Yu

{"title":"Experimental investigation of mechanical behavior and thermal damage of hot dry rock exposing to different cooling conditions","authors":"Zaobao Liu , Yu Sun , Yun Jia , Hanbing Bian , Zhan Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exploration of underground geothermal energy requires investigating the cooling effects on the mechanical behaviors and damage mechanisms of high-temperature granite due to injection-production activities. The present work focuses on the influence of preheating and subsequent cooling treatments on the thermal damage of mechanical behavior/properties of a fine-grained granite, with special attention to the cooling method. The studied granite, drilled from a depth of 2000 m in Sichuan Province, China, was heated from room temperature to 800 °C and cooled by air and water cooling methods. It is observed that the cooling method has an important impact on the mechanical and damage behavior of the studied granite once the pre-heating temperature exceeds 500 °C. The dramatic transition of crack threshold is also observed as a function of temperature and cooling rate. Moreover, the experimental analysis exhibits that thermal conductivity is capable of providing a satisfactory estimation of thermal damage level of granite, compared to P-wave velocity. Finally, the influence of crystal particle sizes on the thermal damage of granite is also performed. Compared to fine-grained (FG) and medium-grained (MG) granites, one observes that during the heating phase, the most important thermal damage is observed in coarse-grained (CG) granites while CG granites are less influenced by the cooling methods. The obtained experimental results and analysis can help understand the mechanical and failure behavior of granite exposed to different cooling regimes encountered in deep geothermal projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An analysis of the accuracy and computational efficiency of the use of one-dimensional fluid models in borehole heat exchangers 分析在钻孔热交换器中使用一维流体模型的准确性和计算效率

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103343

A. Holmes, C. Millar, M.F. Lightstone

{"title":"An analysis of the accuracy and computational efficiency of the use of one-dimensional fluid models in borehole heat exchangers","authors":"A. Holmes, C. Millar, M.F. Lightstone","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper compares the accuracy of a one-dimensional fluid model to that of a fully three-dimensional model for the simulation of a thermal response test performed on a single borehole heat exchanger. The simplification of the fluid domain within the one-dimensional model allows for reduced computational time while still maintaining an accurate prediction of transient fluid temperature. The model uses a simplified one-dimensional fluid model while solving the full three-dimensional transient heat conduction equations in the borehole heat exchanger and surrounding ground. A symmetry plane is implemented to further reduce the computational effort, and the model and equation adjustments necessary to merge the use of symmetry planes and 1D linear elements along the central plane without loss of model accuracy is explained in detail. The proposed model is compared to a full CFD model and validated using experimental data for a constant heat rate test, commonly known as a thermal response test, to ensure no accuracy is lost due to model adjustments. Additionally, the computation times are compared for each case to quantify the time savings that result from model implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The characterization of fractures and analysis of hydraulic properties in granite-type hot dry rock reservoirs

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103342

Yanguang Liu , Yingnan Zhang , Xin Wang , Kai Bian , Haiyan Lei

{"title":"The characterization of fractures and analysis of hydraulic properties in granite-type hot dry rock reservoirs","authors":"Yanguang Liu , Yingnan Zhang , Xin Wang , Kai Bian , Haiyan Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hot dry rock (HDR), a widely distributed geothermal resource, holds significant development potential. The geometric characteristics and distribution of the fracture system within the reservoir are crucial, as they directly influence the flow paths and storage capacity of underground fluids. This study establishes a predictive framework for granite-type hot dry rock (HDR) reservoirs in China's Gonghe Basin by integrating field data, stochastic discrete fracture network (DFN) modeling, and geomechanical upscaling. Natural fractures, characterized via imaging logging, cores, and outcrops, exhibit three dominant orientations (NW, NNW, NE) and a power law size distribution. Monte Carlo simulations translated 1D fracture density (P10) into volumetric constraints (P32), enabling 3D DFN construction. Oda-based upscaling revealed permeability anisotropy, with maximum values of 0.268 mD (x-direction), 0.277 mD (y-direction), and 0.135 mD (z-direction), governed by low-dip NE/NW fractures, alongside reduced Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and localized stress perturbations in fracture-rich zones. Simulated in-situ stresses aligned with field measurements, validating the model. The workflow bridges multi-scale data gaps, offering critical insights for optimizing hydraulic fracturing in low-permeability HDR systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103342"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An updated model of Ohaaki geothermal field, New Zealand

IF 3.5 2区工程技术

Geothermics Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103339

John O'Sullivan , Michael Gravatt , Jeremy Riffault , Theo Renaud , Michael O'Sullivan , Nataly Castillo Ruiz , Bridget Ayling , Warren Mannington

引用次数: 0