Geothermics最新文献

{"title":"Improving photovoltaic Panels by utilizing ground-coupled heat exchangers: Insights and technological advances","authors":"Ahmed Ameen Ali ,&nbsp;Dheiaa Alfarge ,&nbsp;Farhan lafta Rashid ,&nbsp;Adnan A. Ugla ,&nbsp;A.K. Kareem ,&nbsp;Hayder I. Mohammed","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous rise in energy demand and growing environmental concerns necessitate innovative approaches to optimizing renewable energy technologies. Among these, photovoltaic (PV) panels play a pivotal role but suffer efficiency losses due to surface overheating. Ground-coupled heat exchangers (GHEs) have emerged as a promising solution, leveraging geothermal energy to regulate PV panel temperatures.</div><div>This review explores the application of GHEs for PV cooling, focusing on technical advancements, operational parameters, and soil-related influences. Key aspects analyzed include GHE design, working fluid characteristics, mass flow rates, and pipe material properties, all of which critically impact cooling efficiency and energy output. Recent studies indicate that GHE systems can reduce surface temperatures by 20 °C–25 °C and enhance thermal and electrical efficiency by 20 %, respectively. Design innovations, such as vertical and spiral configurations and nanofluid-enhanced working fluids, demonstrate significant performance improvements.</div><div>However, several challenges persist, including installation complexities, maintenance difficulties, and soil-dependent variability. This review also examines the economic and environmental feasibility of GHEs, emphasizing their integration with renewable energy systems for sustainable development. Future research directions include optimizing GHE designs, employing artificial intelligence for performance prediction, and exploring cost-effective materials and configurations.</div><div>By addressing current limitations, GHEs can significantly enhance PV efficiency, reduce carbon footprints, and promote the broader adoption of renewable energy technologies. This comprehensive review aims to guide researchers and practitioners toward the innovative deployment of GHEs in solar energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the ground temperature response induced by GSHP system operation under different geological conditions","authors":"Shiyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Hanbing Jia ,&nbsp;Bo Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiying Liu ,&nbsp;Ping Cui ,&nbsp;Mingzhi Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ground temperature is a crucial factor influencing the performance of the ground source heat pump (GSHP) system. Different from the periodic variation of the initial shallow-layer ground temperature, the deep-layer ground temperature variation becomes much more complex after the system starts operating. At this stage, not only the ground surface heat exchange conditions and the geothermal gradient are influencing factors, but also the heat exchange process of the buried pipe and geological conditions will affect the ground temperature variation. In this study, ground temperature data of two systems located in different geological conditions are taken as examples. Based on the monitored data, the relationship between the ground temperature variation and depth is analyzed, as well as the impact from geological distributions. It has been found that the variation amplitude of the ground temperature varies along the depth direction. However, it is hard to find clear laws of the ground temperature variations from the measured data. Therefore, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation work is conducted to verify some guesses from the monitoring data analysis. It has been found that, except for the pipe bottom, the difference in ground temperature response mainly results from the change in ground thermal properties, not the heat transfer depth position of the buried pipes. This finding is beneficial to understanding the ground temperature variation mechanism in the GSHP system operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) key locations for hospitals in Lower Saxony, Germany","authors":"Maximilian Noethen ,&nbsp;Ruben Stemmle ,&nbsp;Nick Siebert ,&nbsp;Matthias Herrmann ,&nbsp;Kathrin Menberg ,&nbsp;Philipp Blum ,&nbsp;Peter Bayer","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a decade of advancing energy transition, European countries, including Germany, face the challenge of managing seasonal imbalances in heating and cooling demands. Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES), which uses groundwater as a storage medium in an open-loop geothermal system, offers a promising solution. Infrastructure requiring both heating and cooling, such as universities, data centers, shopping malls, office buildings, and hospitals, are particularly suited for ATES. Especially hospitals have high heating and cooling demands, making them promising candidates. This study evaluates the ATES suitability in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany, where geological conditions in many areas resemble those in the bordering Netherlands, the worldwide leader in the application of ATES. Hence, the study focuses on identifying ATES key locations in Lower Saxony by estimating the cooling capacities of 113 hospitals using visible compression chiller fans. Cooling capacities of up to 5.9 MW are detected, with a mean of 0.9 ± 1.2 MW. The results show that 57 % of the area with shallow porous aquifers in Lower Saxony is well or very well suited for ATES, with 60 hospitals located in these areas. ATES offers payback times of 2–10 years and CO₂ savings of up to 74 % compared to conventional systems, highlighting its economic and environmental advantages. However, no system is currently operating in Lower Saxony and the lack of specific regulation for ATES hinders their development. Establishing supportive and novel policy frameworks could unlock the potential of this sustainable thermal energy storage technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat flow, lithospheric thermal structure, and its tectonic implication of the Southern North China Basin, East-central China","authors":"Yibo Wang ,&nbsp;Yaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Zhennan Zhong ,&nbsp;Chaoqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Lanyong Guo ,&nbsp;Huihui Zhang ,&nbsp;Lijuan He ,&nbsp;Shengbiao Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat flow is a fundamental parameter in geothermal research. It not only complements seismic data by providing significant constraints on lithospheric thickness, geophysical properties, and tectonic evolution, but it is also vital for the evaluation and selection of geothermal resource sites. In this study, we conducted systematic measurements of steady-state temperature, thermal conductivity, and heat production from ten boreholes in the Southern North China Basin (SNCB), East-central China. These measurements yielded ten high-quality heat flow values. Combining these new data with previous research, we developed 2D temperature models and calculated lithospheric thickness. Our results reveal that heat flow in the SNCB follows a \"lower in the north, higher in the south\" pattern, with an average geothermal gradient of 25±5 °C/km and an average heat flow value of 57±12 mW/m². The lithospheric thickness varies significantly across the region, being approximately 105 km in the northwestern margin of the basin, increasing to 140–150 km in the eastern Huaibei Uplift, and decreasing to around 83 km in the neighboring Lower Yangtze Craton. This study not only provides geodynamic insights into variations in the thermal state of cratonic regions but also offers critical data to enhance our understanding of lithospheric structure, tectono-thermal evolution, and geothermal resource potential in the SNCB and adjacent areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical characteristics of geothermal springs along the central section of Altyn Tagh fault: Implications for deep fluid circulation and tectonic activity","authors":"Zhaotong Sun ,&nbsp;Jing Liu-Zeng ,&nbsp;Yanxiu Shao ,&nbsp;Wenxin Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaocheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Maoliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Longfei Han ,&nbsp;Fengzhen Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geothermal springs associated with fault systems may offer valuable insights into fluid-rock interactions and crustal processes. However, hydrogeochemical data on the Altyn Tagh fault, a major strike-slip fault bounding the northern Tibetan Plateau, are scarce. In this study, the chemical and isotopic compositions of 29 geothermal springs along the central section of Altyn Tagh fault have been analyzed and the results show the following: (1) The springs are primarily meteoric in recharge source, exhibiting Na-SO₄-Cl and Ca-Mg-SO₄-Cl type. Calculated circulation depths ranging from approximately c. 135 m to c. 2790 m, indicating a shallow to intermediate hydrothermal system with limited water-rock interaction. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) derives primarily from deep decarbonation and carbonate dissolution. (2) Specifically, the highest reservoir temperatures, deepest circulation, and greatest deeply sourced CO₂ flux have been found from the Xorkoli to the Wuzunxiaoer section of the fault. Spatial trends reveal increasing reservoir temperatures, circulation depths, and endogenic DIC fractions with increasing distance from the fault, suggesting the influence of distal, deeper geothermal systems on spring geochemistry. (3) Comparative analysis with other strike-slip faults reveals notably shallower circulation depths along the Altyn Tagh fault, attributable to the combined effects of cold crustal thermal regime, seismic cycle, and moderate topographic relief. Locally enhanced circulation depths occur in distinct sedimentary-hydrogeological conditions and extensional step-overs areas. These findings provide new constraints on the relationship between hydrothermal circulation and fault zone processes, with implications for understanding crustal fluid dynamics along major strike-slip faults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation and thermal control factor analysis of deep high-temperature geothermal energy in the Zhenghe-Dapu fault zone and its adjacent areas, Southeast China","authors":"Weiwei Ma ,&nbsp;Bo Zhang ,&nbsp;Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Chujie Cheng ,&nbsp;Runchao Liu ,&nbsp;Jinjiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coastal area of Southeast China, characterized by high heat flow and extensive magmatic activity, has long been a focus of geothermal research. However, the formation mechanisms and geological controls governing deep high-temperature geothermal resources in this region remain poorly constrained, posing challenges for accurate resource assessment. Here, we built a two-dimensional lithospheric geological model integrating geological, seismic, and magnetotelluric data to quantify key thermal controls. Simulations reveal significant high-temperature anomalies in the Wuyishan and Coastal terranes, with temperatures exceeding 180°C at 5 km depth and surface heat flow surpassing 80 mW/m². These anomalies result from asthenospheric upwelling, facilitated by a thinned lithosphere, which delivers 73–92 mW/m² of mantle-derived heat flow. Additionally, Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatic intrusion elevate shallow crustal temperatures by 31–43 °C, while the Zhenghe-Dapu shear zone with anisotropic high thermal conductivity along mylonitic foliation, acts as a deep heat conduit, forming localized 205 °C anomalies. Overlying low-thermal-conductivity sedimentary cover further insulates the system, sustains elevated temperatures, and modulates surface heat flow variations by ∼30 %. This study provides new constraints on deep high-temperature geothermal formation and offers key indicators for identifying favorable geothermal targets and optimizing resource assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental investigation of hydraulic fracturing mechanisms in menderes metamorphic rocks: Prospects for enhanced geothermal systems","authors":"Hakkı Aydın ,&nbsp;Umutcan Camcı ,&nbsp;Serhat Akın","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydraulic fracturing is a critical technique for stimulating low-permeability geothermal reservoirs, such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) and Hot Dry Rock (HDR). This study investigates the hydraulic fracturing mechanisms in metamorphic rocks such as marble and schist commonly found in western Turkiye, a region with a gross geothermal power capacity exceeding 1,700 MW. For the first time, fracturing experiments using pressurized nitrogen gas and uniaxial compression tests were conducted on both reservoir outcrop and core plug samples of metamorphic reservoir rocks from this region. Vertical and horizontal fractures formed at varying breakout pressures, with the fracture surfaces exhibiting irregular morphologies and apertures facilitating fluid flow. Uniaxial compression tests determined the mechanical properties, including Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio. Vertical crack propagation was observed in outcrop samples, while diagonal fractures appeared in core samples. Mineralogical analysis through thin-section, Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and X-Ray-Diffraction (XRD) revealed that the core sample was grayish-green mica schist with muscovite, quartz, garnet, and staurolite, while the outcrop sample was white marble composed primarily of calcite. Results indicate that marble and schist exhibit lower breakdown pressures compared to granite, making them promising candidates for EGS development. This study represents a novel contribution to understanding the interplay between rock type, fracture mechanisms, and experimental findings in Turkiye's metamorphic geothermal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of energy storage body parameters on seasonal energy storage performance of borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) system","authors":"Weibo Yang,&nbsp;Wenxin Xia,&nbsp;Qianyun Sun,&nbsp;Chaoyang Zhang,&nbsp;Feng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) is of great significance for improving energy utilization efficiency and achieving sustainable exploitation of renewable energy. However, the seasonal energy storage performance of BTES are affected by energy storage body parameters and their influence laws are still unclear. In this work, a 3-D numerical model of BTES is developed and validated by the model experiments. Effects of borehole spacing, borehole arrangement, soil stratification and groundwater seepage on the energy storage performance of BTES are numerically investigated. The results show that the energy storage body under different layout forms of borehole exhibits different temperature distributions and thermal diffusion characteristics, and the layout form 2 that the borehole spacing are 4.5, 3.5, and 2.5 m for the interior, middle, and exterior region borehole, respectively has obvious advantages during the energy storage. Compared with the uniform soil and the stratification soil 2 (the geological layers along the depth direction are respectively silty fine sandstone, fine sandstones, mudstone andstone), the stratification soil 1 (the geological layers along the depth direction are respectively sandstone, mudstone, fine sandstone, and silty fine sandstone) not only has larger heat storage and extraction amount, but also has larger energy storage efficiency. Compared to the sequential arrangement form, the staggered arrangement form provides a greater soil volume for energy storage. This leads to lower soil temperatures after heat storage and higher soil temperatures after heat extraction. Moreover, the staggered arrangement form results in larger overall heat storage and extraction capacities, as well as a greater heat storage amount per unit volume. The seepage is unfavorable to the seasonal energy storage of BTES, and the greater the seepage velocity, the more heat is carried to downstream by the seepage, causing heat loss and reduction of energy storage efficiency. Additionally, a small increase in the seepage angle can enhance the heat transfer effect of seepage, and thus the energy storage efficiency can be obviously improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of temperature paths on the time-dependent isotropic consolidation behavior of lateritic clay","authors":"Zhifan Xu ,&nbsp;Zhengfa Chen ,&nbsp;Kerui Lang ,&nbsp;Youzhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiahua Dou","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The long-term compression behavior of clay is significantly affected by temperature paths. However, most studies on temperature paths focus on short-term changes in volume and pore pressure, with limited research on how temperature paths affect soil secondary consolidation characteristics. To experimentally investigate the time-dependent compression behavior of lateritic clay under different temperature paths, a series of temperature-controlled isotropic consolidation tests from 5 to 50 °C were conducted with consideration of heating/cooling rate and thermal cycle paths. The results indicate that the accumulation of thermal-induced pore water pressure increases with the rate of temperature variations, but a faster rate leads to smaller volumetric changes. Moreover, thermal cycling does not cause irreversible thermoplastic volumetric strain with a suitable heating/cooling rate, and the cycle paths do not influence this outcome. Furthermore, the creep rate of heated samples increases significantly, and the heating/cooling rate also affects the creep rate: a slower heating rate results in a faster creep rate. Additionally, the creep behavior ceased after the thermal cycle, and it appears that the thermal cycle paths have no effect on the creep rate. Finally, this study summarizes the mechanism of the influence of temperature on the creep behavior of clay, and reasonable explanations are proposed for the thermo-mechanical behavior caused by different temperature paths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore structure alteration in heated granite after LN2 treatment: An experimental study for the enhanced geothermal energy extraction","authors":"Sotirios Nik. Longinos ,&nbsp;Mohammad Asif ,&nbsp;George Mathews","doi":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geothermics.2025.103326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cryogenic fracturing of two granite samples was performed in this paper for the pore characterization to enhance geothermal energy extraction. The samples were heated initially to 600 °C and subsequently analyzed for liquid nitrogen (LN₂) treatment for multiple freezing and freezing-thawing cycles. The mercury intrusion and low-pressure nitrogen adsorption reveal a significant alternation in the pore characteristics of granite samples. The nitrogen adsorption capacity increases from 1.08 cc/g to 1.52 cc/g after LN₂ treatment. This study also examines a significant increase in pore volume as pore volume increases by 135–152 %. Furthermore, the XRD analysis of the samples was executed to study the microscopic effect of the minerals in the granite samples. The LN₂ treatment of the sample enhances pore connectivity, as evidenced by the XRD analysis of sample 1, which reveals a high feldspar and biotite content. In contrast, sample 2 experiences limited fracturing effects due to its high quartz content. Therefore, the cryogenic fracturing of heated granite samples demonstrates significant potential for investigating pore structure modifications to improve geothermal energy recovery. This study establishes a fundamental framework for advancing geothermal energy extraction and contributes to the development of renewable energy in Kazakhstan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55095,"journal":{"name":"Geothermics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}