Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation最新文献_第2页

Assessing Potential Bias in PFAS Concentrations in Groundwater and Surface Water Samples 评估地下水和地表水样本中 PFAS 浓度的潜在偏差

IF 1.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12669

Tom Wanzek, Hannah McIntyre, Elisabeth Hawley, Rula Deeb, Dorin Bogdan, Charles Shaefer, Bill DiGuiseppi, Amanda Struse, Trever Schwichtenberg, Jennifer Field

{"title":"Assessing Potential Bias in PFAS Concentrations in Groundwater and Surface Water Samples","authors":"Tom Wanzek, Hannah McIntyre, Elisabeth Hawley, Rula Deeb, Dorin Bogdan, Charles Shaefer, Bill DiGuiseppi, Amanda Struse, Trever Schwichtenberg, Jennifer Field","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12669","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12669","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) encompass a large group of recalcitrant anthropogenic compounds that have been used in a variety of consumer and industrial products and processes over many decades. Drinking water standards were recently finalized for two PFAS at low nanogram per liter concentrations. Due to the widespread use of PFAS and low health-based thresholds, a literature review and laboratory and field studies were conducted to assess several potential sources of bias in PFAS concentrations. Fluoropolymers are commonly present in equipment, products, and materials used during field sampling, potentially leading to false positive results. Laboratory results confirmed the presence of PFAS in multiple commonly used field materials. However, best practices can be used to limit pathways for cross contamination. Laboratory-specified hold times and sample storage temperatures are scientifically founded and adequately prevent bias due to PFAS sorption to sampling containers or partial degradation of some PFAS to form others. PFAS are also known to accumulate at the air-water interface and other interfaces. Results from laboratory and field studies indicate that PFAS enrichment in foam and in the surface microlayer does occur. However, the effect of this phenomenon is within the range of analytical and spatial sampling variability and therefore a change in sampling procedures is not needed. Findings were distilled into science-based and practical recommendations to minimize bias during PFAS sampling without incurring unnecessary cost and effort.","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141567557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing the Use of Suction Lysimeters to Inform Soil Leaching and Remediation of PFAS Source Zones 推动使用抽吸溶样仪为土壤沥滤和修复全氟辛烷磺酸源区提供信息

IF 1.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12670

John L. Rayner, Amanda Lee, Stephen Corish, Simon Leake, Elise Bekele, Greg B. Davis

{"title":"Advancing the Use of Suction Lysimeters to Inform Soil Leaching and Remediation of PFAS Source Zones","authors":"John L. Rayner, Amanda Lee, Stephen Corish, Simon Leake, Elise Bekele, Greg B. Davis","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gwmr.12670","url":null,"abstract":"Porewater in soil vadose zones is an integrator of the fundamental processes governing the transport and partitioning of per and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) as they move from source zones to groundwater. Suction lysimeters are being advanced as a method to provide reliable and representative PFAS porewater samples, to inform PFAS leaching and for monitoring remedial approaches. We report outcomes of lysimeter investigations across 3 sites and 18 lysimeters within fine-textured soil profiles. Soil cores were recovered from the same locations, and PFAS concentrations in soils and lysimeter porewater were compared and compared with prior laboratory investigations. Variable concentration distributions with depth of PFAS in soils were found with a maximum sum of PFAS of ~56 mg/kg dominated by perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). The maximum sum of PFAS in porewater was 13.5 mg/L. Comparison across all collocated soil and porewater concentrations did not provide consistent trends. PFAS mass fractions within lysimeter porewater samples were much higher for most PFAS than mass fractions determined from laboratory investigations, but the fraction was lower for PFOS. The results indicate preferential recovery of individual shorter chain PFAS via leaching at lower liquid: soil ratios such as those experienced under suction during recovery of porewater by lysimeters. Suggestions are offered to advance the use of suction lysimeters in promoting porewater PFAS concentrations as an alternative for regulatory compliance, and in closing the gap between field and laboratory approaches. There is merit in using lysimeters at PFAS field sites with improvements and considerations embraced.","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwmr.12670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141994092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Representativeness of Subslab Soil Gas Collection as Effected by Probe Construction and Sampling Methods 探头结构和采样方法对采集地下土壤气体代表性的影响

IF 1.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12663

John H. Zimmerman, Alan Williams, Brian Schumacher, Chris Lutes, Laurent Levy, Gwen Buckley, Victoria Boyd, Chase Holton, Todd McAlary, Robert Truesdale

{"title":"The Representativeness of Subslab Soil Gas Collection as Effected by Probe Construction and Sampling Methods","authors":"John H. Zimmerman, Alan Williams, Brian Schumacher, Chris Lutes, Laurent Levy, Gwen Buckley, Victoria Boyd, Chase Holton, Todd McAlary, Robert Truesdale","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12663","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12663","url":null,"abstract":"Subslab soil gas (SSSG) samples were collected as part of an investigation to evaluate vapor intrusion (VI) into a building. The June 2015 Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) VI Guide (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [U.S. EPA] 2015) does not provide specific, detailed recommendations regarding how to collect SSSG samples. The data collected in this study will be used to provide input into future OSWER VI Guidance documents on SSSG sample collection. To this end, three different types of subslab sampling ports were constructed with various sampling techniques within a hexagon-shaped grid in near proximity to each other. Conventional-, Vapor Pin-, and California-style ports were established in duplicate for continual analysis by onsite gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD). Triplicate ports were established to evaluate active and passive long-term sampling methods to determine short range temporal differences. Active sampling methods included evacuated stainless-steel canisters fitted with capillary flow controllers (Modified U.S. EPA Method TO-15 [U.S. EPA 1999a]) and sorbent tubes collected using a syringe (Modified EPA TO-17 [U.S. EPA 1999b]). The Passive sampling method used was sorbent tube samples collected following the EPA TO-17 sampling method (Modified). This study did not identify any systematic differences in sample results between conventional, Vapor Pin, and CA-style probes for used in SSSG sampling. The decisions for site management would probably be the same for data from any subslab port style, active or passive sampling techniques over durations less than 2 weeks.","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141370300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling and Evaluation of PFOS Retention in the Unsaturated Zone above the Water Table 地下水位以上非饱和区全氟辛烷磺酸滞留模型与评估

IF 1.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12662

Hiroko M. Hort, Emily B. Stockwell, Charles J. Newell, Joseph Scalia IV, Sorab Panday

{"title":"Modeling and Evaluation of PFOS Retention in the Unsaturated Zone above the Water Table","authors":"Hiroko M. Hort, Emily B. Stockwell, Charles J. Newell, Joseph Scalia IV, Sorab Panday","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12662","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12662","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the retention of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the vadose zone is vital to the management of impacted sites. This paper examines PFAS retention in the unsaturated zone above the water table using a mathematical model, MODFLOW-USG-Transport PFAS or “USGT-PFAS.” The USGT-PFAS model incorporates adsorption onto air-water interfaces, providing a more comprehensive understanding of PFAS retention near the water table and release to groundwater. Modeling of a hypothetical perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) site under various idealized site conditions illustrated that the impacts on PFOS retention from smallest to largest were water table fluctuations, low episodic recharge, constant recharge, moderate episodic recharge, constant recharge with water table fluctuations, and high episodic recharge. PFOS retention also varied by sand type, with greater retention occurring in simulations incorporating coarse sand with low capillary potential versus fine sand with high capillary potential. PFAS management strategies were also explored, including the adaptation of gas sparging, a method traditionally used for volatile organic compounds. Gas sparging can concentrate PFAS in groundwater and the vadose zone around the water table, facilitating retention or removal. Model simulations for a simplified hypothetical site demonstrated that PFAS can be substantially retained in the unsaturated zone once gas sparging results in an upward concentration of PFAS in groundwater and the unsaturated zone near the water table. Modeling can aid in understanding PFAS behavior but requires simulation of multiple interrelated processes to correctly predict PFAS fate and transport in subsurface conditions.","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141191949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Featured Products 特色产品

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12652

引用次数: 0

Issue Information - ISSN page 期刊信息 - ISSN 页面

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12526

引用次数: 0

A Multiple Lines of Evidence Approach to Demonstrate Effectiveness of PFAS Remediation Technologies 证明全氟辛烷磺酸修复技术有效性的多种证据方法

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12657

Tom Wanzek, Elisabeth Hawley, John Merrill, Rula Deeb, David Sedlak, Jennifer Field, Chris Higgins

{"title":"A Multiple Lines of Evidence Approach to Demonstrate Effectiveness of PFAS Remediation Technologies","authors":"Tom Wanzek, Elisabeth Hawley, John Merrill, Rula Deeb, David Sedlak, Jennifer Field, Chris Higgins","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12657","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12657","url":null,"abstract":"Significant investments have been made to develop treatment technologies, particularly destructive approaches, for a variety of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that are present in groundwater, surface water, and other environmental media. A multiple lines of evidence approach were developed to assist regulators, funding agencies, and practitioners in evaluating PFAS treatment technology performance. This article describes each of three lines of evidence that a technology is effective: (1) decrease in target PFAS concentrations is observed; (2) PFAS treatment transformation products are identified and quantified; and (3) a treatment mechanism is proposed that is consistent with previous studies and supported by data. Other considerations are also described to inform conclusions about knowledge gaps and priorities for future testing. Collectively, these lines of evidence and other considerations help communicate the complexities of PFAS treatment, strengthen research plans, standardize technology evaluator reviews, and inform realistic expectations of PFAS treatment technologies.","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140831704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Rotated Potential Mixing Protocols on the Behavior of a Conservative Reagent 旋转电位混合协议对保守试剂行为的作用

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12648

Michelle S. Cho, Neil R. Thomson

{"title":"The Role of Rotated Potential Mixing Protocols on the Behavior of a Conservative Reagent","authors":"Michelle S. Cho, Neil R. Thomson","doi":"10.1111/gwmr.12648","DOIUrl":"10.1111/gwmr.12648","url":null,"abstract":"Chaotic advection is defined as the generation of “small-scale structures” from the repeated stretching and folding of fluid elements in a laminar flow regime that has the potential to enhance mixing and improve treatment effectiveness. Rotated potential mixing (RPM) flow is one configuration used to invoke chaotic advection and involves periodically re-oriented dipole flow through the transient switching of pressures at a series of radial wells. In this study, we relied on conventional models used by remediation practitioners to represent the expected flow and transport behavior of a conservative reagent subjected to chaotic advection by an RPM flow system, and then explored the impact of engineering controls on reagent mixing behavior. The various lines of evidence demonstrated that this modeling approach captured the key features of the expected transport behavior reported in other studies. Visual observations of the reagent distribution, and quantitative metrics of mixing behavior highlighted the different responses that are possible by the various combinations of RPM flow parameters explored. The results show the importance of combining theoretical considerations with practical limitations when designing an RPM flow system. The flow rate and pumping duration have direct consequences on the degree of reagent spreading and mixing. The use of the same RPM flow protocol in a heterogeneous K field led to a significantly greater degree of reagent mixing than in a homogeneous K system. The results from this investigation have important implications for the design of RPM flow protocols to promote enhanced reagent mixing and thereby improve treatment effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":55081,"journal":{"name":"Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gwmr.12648","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SERDP & ESTCP Corner: Headlines from the Environmental Restoration Program Area SERDP 和 ESTCP 角落：环境修复计划领域的头条新闻

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12656

Sarah Mass

引用次数: 0

Advances in Remediation Solutions: New Developments and Opportunities in 1,4-Dioxane Biological Treatment 修复解决方案的进展：1,4-Dioxane 生物处理的新发展和新机遇

IF 1.9 4区环境科学与生态学

Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1111/gwmr.12649

Craig Divine, Caitlin H. Bell, Monica B. Heintz, Andrew Lorenz, Paul Vallin, David Favero, Kathleen Gerber, Chenwei Zheng, Bruce Rittmann

引用次数: 0