{"title":"Update on Tissue Factor Detection in Blood in 2024: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Amandine Bonifay, Sylvie Cointe, Léa Plantureux, Romaric Lacroix, Françoise Dignat-George","doi":"10.1055/a-2381-6854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2381-6854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane protein essential for hemostasis. Different forms of active TF circulate in the blood, either as a component of blood cells and extracellular vesicles (EVs) or as a soluble plasma protein. Accumulating experimental and clinical evidence suggests that TF plays an important role in thrombosis. Many in-house and commercially available assays have been developed to measure TF-dependent procoagulant activity or antigen in blood and have shown promising results for the prediction of disease outcomes or the occurrence of thrombosis events in diseases such as cancer or infectious coagulopathies. This review addresses the different assays that have been published for measuring circulating TF antigen and/or activity in whole blood, cell-free plasma, and EVs and discusses the main preanalytical and analytical parameters that impact results and their interpretation, highlighting their strengths and limitations. In the recent decade, EVTF assays have been significantly developed. Among them, functional assays that use a blocking anti-TF antibody or immunocapture to measure EVTF activity have higher specificity and sensitivity than antigen assays. However, there is still a high variability between assays. Standardization and automatization are prerequisites for the measurement of EVTF in clinical laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":"44 5","pages":"368-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HamostaseologiePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1055/a-2159-8767
Kai Wille, Eva Deventer, Parvis Sadjadian, Tatjana Becker, Vera Kolatzki, Karlo Hünerbein, Raphael Meixner, Marina Jiménez-Muñoz, Christiane Fuchs, Martin Griesshammer
{"title":"Arterial and Venous Thromboembolic Complications in 832 Patients with BCR-ABL-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.","authors":"Kai Wille, Eva Deventer, Parvis Sadjadian, Tatjana Becker, Vera Kolatzki, Karlo Hünerbein, Raphael Meixner, Marina Jiménez-Muñoz, Christiane Fuchs, Martin Griesshammer","doi":"10.1055/a-2159-8767","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2159-8767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arterial (ATE) and venous (VTE) thromboembolic complications are common causes of morbidity and mortality in <i>BCR-ABL</i>-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). However, there are few studies that include all MPN subtypes and focus on both MPN-associated ATE and VTE. In our single-center retrospective study of 832 MPN patients, a total of 180 first thromboembolic events occurred during a median follow-up of 6.6 years (range: 0-37.6 years), of which 105 were VTE and 75 were ATE. The probability of a vascular event at the end of the follow-up period was 36.2%, and the incidence rate for all first ATE/VTE was 2.43% patient/year. The most frequent VTE localizations were deep vein thrombosis with or without pulmonary embolism (incidence rate: 0.59% patient/year), while strokes were the most frequent ATE with an incidence rate of 0.32% patient/year. When comparing the group of patients with ATE/VTE (<i>n</i> = 180) and the group without such an event (<i>n</i> = 652) using multivariate Cox regression analyses, patients with polycythemia vera (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.660; [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.206, 2.286]) had a significantly higher risk of a thromboembolic event than the other MPN subtypes. In contrast, patients with a <i>CALR</i> mutation had a significantly lower risk of thromboembolism compared with <i>JAK2</i>-mutated MPN patients (HR: 0.346; [95% CI: 0.172, 0.699]). In summary, a high incidence of MPN-associated VTE and ATE was observed in our retrospective study. While PV patients or generally <i>JAK2</i>-mutated MPN patients had a significantly increased risk of such vascular events, this risk was reduced in <i>CALR</i>-mutated MPN patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":" ","pages":"386-392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41184199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HamostaseologiePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791987
{"title":"iTTP in der Schwangerschaft: Erfolgreiche Behandlung mit Caplacizumab.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1791987","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":"44 5","pages":"346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HamostaseologiePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1055/a-2316-4096
Jürgen Koscielny, Günther Kappert, Christoph Sucker
{"title":"Medizinforschungsgesetz, Apothekenreform-Gesetz, Telemedizin Blutspende-Verordnung, Erweiterung der Dokumentationspflichten im Deutschen Hämophilieregister (DHR).","authors":"Jürgen Koscielny, Günther Kappert, Christoph Sucker","doi":"10.1055/a-2316-4096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2316-4096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":"44 5","pages":"402-404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HamostaseologiePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1055/a-2329-1781
Anja Schmidt, Diana Stichel, Emilia Salzmann-Manrique, Christoph Königs
{"title":"Acid Treatment of FVIII-Containing Plasma Samples Unmasks a Broad Spectrum of FVIII-Specific Antibodies in ELISA.","authors":"Anja Schmidt, Diana Stichel, Emilia Salzmann-Manrique, Christoph Königs","doi":"10.1055/a-2329-1781","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2329-1781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During routine treatment, plasma samples of patients with hemophilia A or acquired hemophilia A are frequently analyzed for the presence of FVIII-specific antibodies. While only inhibitory antibodies can be detected by the Bethesda assay, inhibitory and non-inhibitory antibodies can be detected by ELISA. However, plasma samples of patients frequently contain endogenous or substituted FVIII, hence interfering with both types of analyses. One option for the inactivation of FVIII is heat denaturation, which unfortunately has been shown to lead to high background signals complicating the discrimination of negative and positive plasma samples. In the current study, we developed a method of acid denaturation for FVIII-containing plasma samples that can help identify samples containing FVIII-specific antibodies and compared the effects of heat and acid denaturation on the detection of FVIII-antibody interactions in a monoclonal setting. The aim of our study was to establish an analysis that allows safer treatment decisions in the context of tolerance to FVIII.</p>","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":" ","pages":"350-357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141621814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HamostaseologiePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791988
{"title":"Komplementdysregulation als Biomarker für Post Covid.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1791988","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":"44 5","pages":"348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HamostaseologiePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1055/a-2330-9112
Dino Mehic, Alice Assinger, Johanna Gebhart
{"title":"Utility of Global Hemostatic Assays in Patients with Bleeding Disorders of Unknown Cause.","authors":"Dino Mehic, Alice Assinger, Johanna Gebhart","doi":"10.1055/a-2330-9112","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2330-9112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bleeding disorder of unknown cause (BDUC) is a diagnosis of exclusion after exhaustive evaluation of plasmatic coagulation and platelet function. This review explores the utility of global hemostatic assays as confirmatory tests and in elucidating the pathophysiology of BDUC. Unlike traditional hemostatic tests that focus on coagulation factors, global assays are conducted both in plasma and also whole blood. These assays provide a more comprehensive understanding of the cell-based model of coagulation, aid in the identification of plasmatic factor abnormalities that may reduce hemostatic capacity, and allow for the assessment of impaired platelet-endothelial interactions under shear stress, as well as hyperfibrinolytic states. While clinical tests such as skin bleeding time and global assays such as PFA-100 exhibit limited diagnostic capacity, the role of viscoelastic testing in identifying hemostatic dysfunction in patients with BDUC remains unclear. Thrombin generation assays have shown variable results in BDUC patients; some studies demonstrate differences compared with healthy controls or reference values, whereas others question its clinical utility. Fibrinolysis assessment in vitro remains challenging, with studies employing euglobulin clot lysis time, plasma clot lysis time, and fluorogenic plasmin generation yielding inconclusive or conflicting results. Notably, recent studies suggest that microfluidic analysis unveils shear-dependent platelet function defects in BDUC patients, undetected by conventional platelet function assays. Overall, global assays might be helpful for exploring underlying hemostatic impairments, when conventional hemostatic laboratory tests yield no results. However, due to limited data and/or discrepant results, further research is needed to evaluate the utility of global assays as screening tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":" ","pages":"358-367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141478019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HamostaseologiePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791986
{"title":"Die Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung e.V. informiert.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1791986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1791986","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":"44 5","pages":"399-401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HamostaseologiePub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1055/a-2374-2903
Johannes Thaler, Carla Tripisciano, Rienk Nieuwland
{"title":"Investigations on the Hemostatic Potential of Physiological Body Fluids.","authors":"Johannes Thaler, Carla Tripisciano, Rienk Nieuwland","doi":"10.1055/a-2374-2903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2374-2903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current blood coagulation models consider the interactions between blood, the vessel wall, and other tissues that expose tissue factor (TF), the main initiator of coagulation. A potential role of body fluids other than blood is generally not considered. In this review, we summarize the evidence that body fluids such as mother's milk saliva, urine, semen, and amniotic fluid trigger coagulation. The ability of these body fluids to trigger coagulation is explained by the presence of extracellular vesicles (EVs). These EVs expose extrinsic tenase complexes (i.e., complexes of TF and activated factor VII) that can trigger coagulation. Why these body fluids share this activity, however, is unknown. Possible explanations are that these body fluids contribute to hemostatic protection and/or to the regulation of the epithelial barrier function. Further investigations may help understand the underlying cellular and biochemical pathways regulating or contributing to coagulation and innate immunity, which may be directly relevant to medical conditions such as gastrointestinal bleeding and chronic inflammatory bowel disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":55074,"journal":{"name":"Hamostaseologie","volume":"44 5","pages":"377-385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}