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Stimulation-induced transient changes in neuronal activity, blood flow and N-acetylaspartate content in rat prefrontal cortex: a chemogenetic fMRS-BOLD study. 刺激诱导的大鼠前额叶皮层神经元活动、血流和 N-乙酰天冬氨酸含量的瞬时变化：一项化学遗传 fMRS-BOLD 研究。

IF 2.9

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2016-12-01 Epub Date: 2016-10-03 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3629

Morris H Baslow, Christopher K Cain, Robert Sears, Donald A Wilson, Alvin Bachman, Scott Gerum, David N Guilfoyle

{"title":"Stimulation-induced transient changes in neuronal activity, blood flow and N-acetylaspartate content in rat prefrontal cortex: a chemogenetic fMRS-BOLD study.","authors":"Morris H Baslow, Christopher K Cain, Robert Sears, Donald A Wilson, Alvin Bachman, Scott Gerum, David N Guilfoyle","doi":"10.1002/nbm.3629","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nbm.3629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain activation studies in humans have shown the dynamic nature of neuronal N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) based on changes in their MRS signals in response to stimulation. These studies demonstrated that upon visual stimulation there was a focal increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and a decrease in NAA or in the total of NAA and NAAG signals in the visual cortex, and that these changes were reversed upon cessation of stimulation. In the present study we have developed an animal model in order to explore the relationships between brain stimulation, neuronal activity, CBF and NAA. We use \"designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs\" (DREADDs) technology for site-specific neural activation, a local field potential electrophysiological method for measurement of changes in the rate of neuronal activity, functional MRS for measurement of changes in NAA and a blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MR technique for evaluating changes in CBF. We show that stimulation of the rat prefrontal cortex using DREADDs results in the following: (i) an increase in level of neuronal activity; (ii) an increase in BOLD and (iii) a decrease in the NAA signal. These findings show for the first time the tightly coupled relationships between stimulation, neuron activity, CBF and NAA dynamics in brain, and also provide the first demonstration of the novel inverse stimulation-NAA phenomenon in an animal model.</p>","PeriodicalId":55035,"journal":{"name":"IBM systems journal","volume":"4 3","pages":"1678-1687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5123928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51007129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting customer choice in services using discrete choice analysis 使用离散选择分析预测客户在服务中的选择

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1147/sj.471.0179

R. Verma;G. R. Plaschka;B. Hanlon;A. Livingston;K. Kalcher

引用次数: 28

The IBM telecommunications service delivery platform IBM电信服务交付平台

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1147/sj.473.0433

S. Ramanathan;M. Alexander;G. Kerr

{"title":"The IBM telecommunications service delivery platform","authors":"S. Ramanathan;M. Alexander;G. Kerr","doi":"10.1147/sj.473.0433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1147/sj.473.0433","url":null,"abstract":"Telecommunications service providers (TSPs) are currently faced with a significant number of threats to their core business models. In addition to competition from traditional TSPs, they must also face increasing competition from Internet service providers such as Google, Yahoo!, and eBay, which have succeeded in implementing a variety of very useful communications services, including voice services, for a fraction of the traditional cost. This new set of threats is causing TSPs to reexamine their business models, explore ways of reducing their operational expenses, and devise a means of reducing the typical service life cycle (from concept to delivery, typically more than a year) to a few weeks. To help address these issues, IBM has created an SOA-centric (service-oriented-architecture-centric) reference architecture called the telecommunications service delivery platform (SDP). In this paper, we present three case studies involving field deployments to the networks of three major wireless TSPs and describe the role of the IBM SDP and its key benefits. We highlight the architecture and key use cases involved in these carrier-grade deployments, and articulate the best practices and valuable lessons gleaned from them.","PeriodicalId":55035,"journal":{"name":"IBM systems journal","volume":"47 3","pages":"433-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1147/sj.473.0433","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68016262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Resilient hosting in a continuously available virtualized environment 在持续可用的虚拟化环境中进行弹性托管

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1147/SJ.2008.5386523

R. R. Scadden;R. J. Bogdany;J. W. Clifford;H. D. Pearthree;R. A. Locke

{"title":"Resilient hosting in a continuously available virtualized environment","authors":"R. R. Scadden;R. J. Bogdany;J. W. Clifford;H. D. Pearthree;R. A. Locke","doi":"10.1147/SJ.2008.5386523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1147/SJ.2008.5386523","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe continuously available services and application hosting on the Events/IBM.comt Infrastructure (EI)—a continuously available virtualized environment based on three active data centers that has demonstrated 100-percent availability for many premier Web sites, including www.ibm.com. The environment consists of simultaneously active paths spanning three geographically diverse data centers. We describe techniques for automated rapid scaling and continuous availability using IBM WebSphere® clustering, IBM DB2™ replication, load balancing, virtualized network infrastructure components, and IBM System p® virtualization capabilities. We explore best practices for deploying application releases and updates, applying fix packs, and updating hardware and perating systems, all without interrupting service. In addition, we discuss how to troubleshoot and synchronize the vast flows of a multipath redundant solution. Finally, we describe the requirements that dictate continuously available hosting solutions and modifications to our multisite approach for use in fewer data centers. Application of the topics in this paper has resulted in continuous service with no planned or unplanned interruptions over many years of application hosting within the EI.","PeriodicalId":55035,"journal":{"name":"IBM systems journal","volume":"47 4","pages":"535-548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1147/SJ.2008.5386523","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68033287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Combining high availability and disaster recovery solutions for critical IT environments 结合关键IT环境的高可用性和灾难恢复解决方案

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1147/SJ.2008.5386509

D. Clitherow;M. Brookbanks;N. Clayton;G. Spear

引用次数: 16

Enhancing availability with service automation and a trusted support partner 通过服务自动化和值得信赖的支持合作伙伴提高可用性

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1147/SJ.2008.5386512

B. Haataia;S. Fredericksen;E. Burris;L. Bragg;K. W. Eastley;J. Bird

{"title":"Enhancing availability with service automation and a trusted support partner","authors":"B. Haataia;S. Fredericksen;E. Burris;L. Bragg;K. W. Eastley;J. Bird","doi":"10.1147/SJ.2008.5386512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1147/SJ.2008.5386512","url":null,"abstract":"Since the onset of the computer age, customers have been searching for ways to increase systems availability, maximizing the return on their investment and keeping their systems running continuously as much as possible. Traditionally, customers have used a combination of hardware and software architecture and processes in an attempt to address their continuous availability needs. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to provide high availability which leverages technology for both proactive and reactive support, while engaging a trusted support partner to automate services. We show how automated problem reporting reduces problem resolution time, often by sending the problem to a specialist rather than sending a generalist to the problem. We describe how inventory reporting enables proactive support by applying intellectual capital and knowledge to a specific customer configuration. We also describe how the IBM Electronic Service Agent™ can be used as a foundation for providing service automation and enabling a digital relationship that expands the capabilities of the trusted support partner.","PeriodicalId":55035,"journal":{"name":"IBM systems journal","volume":"47 4","pages":"667-680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1147/SJ.2008.5386512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68034518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contents of Volume 47, 2008 2008年第47卷目录

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1147/SJ.2008.5386525

引用次数: 0

Errata [Erratum] 错误[错误]

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1147/sj.472.0351

引用次数: 0

The read-copy-update mechanism for supporting real-time applications on shared-memory multiprocessor systems with Linux 支持Linux共享内存多处理器系统上实时应用程序的读拷贝更新机制

IBM systems journal Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1147/sj.472.0221

D. Guniguntala;P. E. McKenney;J. Triplett;J. Walpole

引用次数: 67

Improving service delivery through integrated quality initiatives: A case study 通过综合质量举措改进服务提供：案例研究