{"title":"IEEE Foundation","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3410512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3410512","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10568228","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COVID-19 and Other Emergencies as Determinants of Antitrafficking Efforts","authors":"Jean-Pierre Gauci;Noemi Magugliani","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3276188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3276188","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on COVID-19 as a determinant of antitrafficking efforts. While the impacts of COVID-19 on trafficking itself (including the increased awareness of new forms of exploitation and heightened vulnerabilities to trafficking) have been relatively well documented \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000, \u0000<xref>[2]</xref>\u0000, \u0000<xref>[3]</xref>\u0000, \u0000<xref>[4]</xref>\u0000, \u0000<xref>[5]</xref>\u0000, \u0000<xref>[6]</xref>\u0000, the impacts of the health emergency on governments’ antitrafficking efforts have received less attention. This article seeks to address this gap in the literature, building on the findings of the “Determinants of Anti-Trafficking Efforts” research project \u0000<xref>[7]</xref>\u0000 funded by the U.S. Department of State Office for Combatting Human Trafficking and implemented by the authors at the British Institute of International and Comparative Law.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10510575","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rossum’s Universal Robots: A Technology Studies Perspective","authors":"Cameron Shelley","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3400033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3400033","url":null,"abstract":"Karel Čapek’s play R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots) was a big hit when it was first performed in the 1920s. Written in Czech, it was soon translated into English and other languages and performed throughout Europe and the Anglo-American world \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000. It was quickly adapted for radio and television as well \u0000<xref>[2]</xref>\u0000. Through this success, it had a significant influence on technologists, writers, and general audiences \u0000<xref>[3]</xref>\u0000.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Closing the Socio–Technical Gap in AI: The Need for Measuring Practitioners’ Attitudes and Perceptions","authors":"Malak Sadek;Rafael A. Calvo;Céline Mougenot","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3392280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3392280","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the need for artificial intelligence (AI) practitioners to shift their focus from a purely technical mindset toward a more human-centered approach. Technical experts are trained to consider the technical aspects of their work, which can cause them to overlook important socio–technical considerations and implications, resulting in a socio–technical gap in AI-based systems \u0000<xref>[4]</xref>\u0000. Unhelpful practitioner cultures can lead to them “rejecting practices or downplaying the importance of values or the possible threats of ignoring them” \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000. While efforts are being made to create ethical and more human-centered AI systems, there is a need for corresponding changes in the attitudes and perceptions of AI practitioners. Practitioners need to move away from a sole focus on compliance with responsible AI guidelines and regulations toward active reflection and empathy based on a true understanding of the profound effects their decisions can have on different stakeholders. However, one problematic barrier to beginning work on interventions that target practitioners’ mindsets and attitudes is the lack of a standardized method for evaluating or measuring the effectiveness of design interventions on their attitudes and perceptions. This article suggests the need for clearer metrics within the human–computer interaction (HCI) community for looking at practitioners’ attitudes toward socio–technical factors in AI design.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cyberattacks on Energy Infrastructures as Modern War Weapons-Part II: Gaps, Standardization, and Mitigation","authors":"Tawfiq M. Aljohani","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3395697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3395697","url":null,"abstract":"In Today’s Digitized world, it is strategically imperative to secure energy grids against cyberattacks, as critical infrastructures have increasingly become targets in modern warfare. As part I of this work highlighted, cyberattacks serve not just as tools of disruption but as sophisticated instruments of geopolitical strategy. To complement the discussion in \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000, this work addresses the existing gaps in cybersecurity measures that protect energy infrastructure systems, discussing the importance of implementing rigorous preventive measures and exploring the role of standardization in enhancing the resilience of energy infrastructures.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cyberattacks on Energy Infrastructures as Modern War Weapons—Part I: Analysis and Motives","authors":"Tawfiq M. Aljohani","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3395688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3395688","url":null,"abstract":"For Years, Experts have expressed growing concerns that critical infrastructures are vulnerable to cyberattacks. Remotely transmitted malware and viruses can compromise interconnected power systems, airports, hospitals, military systems, and any Internet-connected computers used to manage critical functions. As the world becomes more digitalized, integrating new communication technologies offers unlimited possibilities for the accumulation of information, creating a fundamental dependence on proper functioning in all areas of society. As such reliance could offer great opportunities for a smart and efficient world, it also poses significant threats to the operation of critical infrastructures and vital facilities. Specifically, safety issues from illegal acts that violate the integrity, availability, and confidentiality of information in cyberspace are expected to be the central theme in the digitalized world. Exploitation of cyberspace to advance political, social, and military agendas is of particular concern.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Women in Engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3375177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3375177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10496875","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140546522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Connecting in Person and Networking","authors":"Luis Kun","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3363787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3363787","url":null,"abstract":"In April 2022, I was invited to lecture at Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA, and I met Dr. Pritpal Singh. Later, in June of that year during the IEEE TAB Series, I met the then President of the Humanitarian Activities Committee (HAC), Dr. Sampathkumar Veeraraghavan. Later, in July during the IEEE Latin American Electron Devices Conference (LAEDC) sponsored by the IEEE Electron Devices Society (EDS), I was invited to give a keynote talk and to be part of a panel. Mario Aleman conducted this panel session on Humanitarian Technology 2022, which also included both above-mentioned individuals. I also had the opportunity to meet the fourth panelist, Dr. Morgan Kiani (see \u0000<xref>Figure 1</xref>\u0000).","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10496889","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140546392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Sustainability in Resource-Limited Environments: Government, Culture, and AI","authors":"Alex Roig Albelda","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3365574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3365574","url":null,"abstract":"Spain’s Comunitat Valenciana (Valencian Community) (\u0000<xref>Figure 1</xref>\u0000) has a rich agricultural history, with long traditions of resilience and innovation. This tradition, along with the community’s deep ethic of respect for the land, remains at the core of the region’s approach to climate change and sustainability.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10496886","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140546507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the Role of Technology in Society","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3375179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3375179","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10496900","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140546579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}