{"title":"Understanding the Role of Technology in Society","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3457100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3457100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10704945","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
François Xavier Sikounmo;Cedric Deffo;Clémentin Tayou Djamegni
{"title":"Social and Environmental Impact of a Plant Disease Analysis Method Based on Object Extraction","authors":"François Xavier Sikounmo;Cedric Deffo;Clémentin Tayou Djamegni","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3455110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3455110","url":null,"abstract":"Plant leaf infections are a common threat to global production in both the long and short terms, affecting not only many farmers but also consumers around the world. Early detection and treatment of plant leaf diseases are essential to promote healthy plant growth in agriculture and ensure sufficient supply and health security for the world’s geometric (population) growth. Detection of plant leaf diseases using computer-aided technologies is widespread today. In the first part of this thesis, we describe an artificial intelligence (AI) model that enables image analysis to facilitate disease detection and then present its contribution at the societal level. We used images of maize leaves and images of apples in fields from the standard PlantVillage repository for object localization. An efficient deep learning (DL) modified mask region convolutional neural network (Mask R-CNN) is proposed for autonomous segmentation and detection of the object to be analyzed in this research. The proposed work exploited the features learned by the Mask R-CNN model at various processing hierarchies. We achieved improved code generation of singular images of the detected objects and an overall accuracy of 98.89% on the validation sets. In the rest of our research, we wanted to show the impact of our solution at a social level while highlighting the important aspects that characterize good development. The specificity of this approach is to present the different AI solutions used for the analysis of agricultural crops, with the aim of highlighting their benefits and their impact on human activities.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Harvesting Insights: Sentiment Analysis on Smart Farming YouTube Comments for User Engagement and Agricultural Innovation","authors":"Abhishek Kaushik;Sargam Yadav;Shubham Sharma;Kevin McDaid","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3455754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3455754","url":null,"abstract":"Standard farming procedures have been enhanced with the integration of information and communication technologies (ICTs), such as sensors and wireless sensor networks (WSNs), to improve efficiency. This study delves into the observations derived from comments made on YouTube channels pertaining to the topic of smart farming. We further investigate the utilization of machine learning techniques to automate the analysis of comments. In addition, this work utilizes four feature vectorization techniques and nine machine learning models to perform sentiment analysis on a data set of comments. The support vector machine radial basis function (SVM-R) classifier, when combined with the term frequency (TF) vectorizer, gets the highest macro-F1 score of 0.6683. The explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) technique, called local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIMEs), has been utilized to gain insights into the outcomes of the highest-performing model.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intermittent Light Scheduling for Energy Cost Reduction in Vertical Farming","authors":"Giulia Robbiani;Eric Törn","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3455103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3455103","url":null,"abstract":"The work discusses intermittent light scheduling for energy cost reduction in vertical farming, specifically for growing salad crops (Lactuca Sativa). The study explores how dynamically adjusting lighting schedules based on day-ahead energy prices can improve energy efficiency and reduce operational costs. The research uses a growth chamber equipped with LED lights, controlled environmental factors, and real-time data from the Nord Pool energy market to optimize energy use. The results show that intermittent lighting schedules, aligned with cheaper energy periods, lead to higher crop yields and significant energy cost savings compared to continuous lighting. The findings suggest that such adaptive lighting strategies can make vertical farming more economically viable and sustainable by optimizing resource use, aligning with global sustainability goals. The study also highlights the potential of vertical farms to act as flexible power consumers, adjusting their energy usage based on renewable energy availability.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smart Farming Adoption in Europe","authors":"Konstantinos Kiropoulos;Stamatia Bibi","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3443542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3443542","url":null,"abstract":"The Population of the world is now eight billion people, but it is expected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050 due to ongoing population growth \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000. A population of this size confronts several challenges, the most significant being the requirement for expanded global food production to meet nutritional demands. Due to the inefficient use of natural resources that overburdens the ecosystem, traditional agricultural practices are thought to be unable to meet these demands \u0000<xref>[2]</xref>\u0000. We are, thus, forced to adopt more ecologically friendly agricultural methods. By lowering the need for external inputs and assisting farmers in coping with unfavorable weather, which is becoming more frequent due to climate change, smart farming technologies (SFTs) can increase crop output in a sustainable manner, enhancing its resilience and lowering carbon dioxide emissions. The United States had a \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$91 %$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 acceptance rate for SFT as of 2020 \u0000<xref>[3]</xref>\u0000, with Canada, Australia, and other European nations lagging behind as the most adopting nations. A wider use of SFT is needed to achieve the objective of feeding the world’s population sustainably, even if certain emerging nations are accelerating their adoption rates.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"River Network Biological Monitoring With AI","authors":"Abdullah Caliskan;Joseph Walsh;Daniel Riordan","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3443465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3443465","url":null,"abstract":"Effective Management And use of water resources are important in many respects, including sustaining life, agriculture, economic activities, ecosystem health, public health, climate regulation, energy production, cultural and recreational value, conflict, and cooperation. However, increasing population and rapid industrialization have put water resources under serious threat. Worldwide, while water resources are increasingly under threat, pollution and overexploitation areas have large effects on rivers, lakes, and groundwater. This situation is causing problems both in providing drinking water for people and in vital activities such as irrigation of agricultural areas \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Covert Radio Agents, 1939–1945: Signal From Behind Enemy Lines—David Hebditch (Barnsley, U.K.: Pen and Sword Military, 2021, 311 pp.)","authors":"Eric P. Wenaas","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3401769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3401769","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of covert radio agents operating behind enemy lines during World War II has recently taken on a life of its own. In the last five years, there have been no fewer than 16 books written on the subject. It is difficult to pinpoint the reason for the lingering popularity of this genre. Perhaps it is the mystery associated with spies, secrets, clandestine radios, and sabotage, which has been the grist of historical novels and movies for over 80 years. It may also be the fact that highly classified files and documents have been slowly released to the public over the years. Several of the recent authors cite in the prefaces of their books that they are using original information recently uncovered or unclassified.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10568229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ketra Schmitt;Diana M. Bowman;Safiya U. Noble;Stephen Cranefield;A. David Wunsch;Peter Lewis
{"title":"Introducing the Editorial Board—Part II","authors":"Ketra Schmitt;Diana M. Bowman;Safiya U. Noble;Stephen Cranefield;A. David Wunsch;Peter Lewis","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3408890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3408890","url":null,"abstract":"Welcome to the second installment of “Meet the Editorial Board.” We are delighted to introduce you to some more members of the IEEE Technology and Society Magazine’s editorial board. If you missed the first installment of this series, please check out the March 2024 issue of the magazine \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000. In this first piece, we talked about how our associate editors contribute to broader academic research and societal good through their work on technology and societal issues. Here we will discuss their contributions to civil society, scholarship, and service to the magazine. Academic editing seems pretty distant from pressing social concerns. However, we submit that the work of the magazine, and our parent society, the IEEE Society for the Social Implications of Technology, is vital to identifying and promoting workable solutions for our most critical social challenges. The interdisciplinary approaches that we highlight, and the interdisciplinary board that we introduce here, use a critical lens to evaluate technological and social solutions. We take a little space here to introduce you to more of the hard-working people who make this magazine work.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10568246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rainbow Mirrors: Technology and Our Collective Moral Imagination","authors":"Mathew Mytka;Alja Isakovic","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3398738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3398738","url":null,"abstract":"Recent narratives about technology and the future have been dominated by dystopian futures, limiting our collective imagination. This is not merely a product of technology itself but is deeply rooted in the bio-psycho-social dynamics of our historical context. Humans have a natural tendency to focus on problems, often exhibiting a negativity bias that is exacerbated by the relentless pace and stressors of modern life and the pervasive exposure to stress-inducing media. While Antonio Gramsci’s notion of cultural hegemony \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000 illuminates how dominant societal forces can shape our perceptions and values, the prevalence of dystopian views about technology also reflects broader societal concerns. These range from genuine fears about privacy and autonomy to anxieties about technology’s role in widening social inequalities. Such dynamics do not merely reinforce fear and anxiety but also create a fertile ground for “dark mirrors”—narratives in our cultural imagination that reflect our deepest fears and foster cycles of pessimism about the role of technology in our future.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10568172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Charged: A History of Batteries and Lessons for a Clean Energy Future— James Morton Turner (Seattle, WA, USA: Univ. Washington Press, 2022, 256 pp.)","authors":"Eric P. Wenaas","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3367382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3367382","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of the book Charged is on the battery, what else? James Morton Turner claims the battery is vitally important to unlocking a clean energy future. He says that his book explores the relationship between environmentalism, sustainability, and technology at a moment when such technological optimism is ascendant. Just as I believed this was going to be a “good news” book about the future of clean energy, supported by the production of lithium-ion batteries, Turner points out that skeptics believe batteries have “a dirty little secret”: “Although batteries may make it possible to scale up renewable energy sources, this transition risks trading one set of resource dependencies and environmental injustices for another.” So, just what message is Turner trying to convey?","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10568166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141444730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}