Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics最新文献_第8页

Kennedy 肯尼迪

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2019-07-16 DOI: 10.1163/2468-1733_shafr_sim160060054

K. Wilson

引用次数: 0

Rain 雨

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2019-07-16 DOI: 10.12987/9780300251616-011

Robert Walser, Tom Whalen

{"title":"Rain","authors":"Robert Walser, Tom Whalen","doi":"10.12987/9780300251616-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300251616-011","url":null,"abstract":"RAIN There’s gentle but also unruly rain. We prefer the former but take it as it comes. To accept what comes and yet never lose one’s cheerfulness isn’t easy, but beautiful because of that. What tastes the sweetest? Natural honey? No, something else: peaceful, everyday work without calamity. Speaking of rain, you could say it makes the earth black and soddens the streets. I deeply hope more will occur to me. Dark rain clouds have something cozy, poetic about them. Is that it? Oh no, Mr. Author! I request a smidgen of patience so I may collect myself. Sentences, words don’t just fly to me, they want to be caught unawares, captured, attained, discovered, enticed. Sometimes the mind thinks more about zwieback than about language and the like. In general, we have spring rain, autumn rain, etc. Rain is wet. That has been the case and we assume will remain so. No one should ever succumb to the opinion that he is unique. We’re all like one another, at least I firmly believe this, and furthermore I believe everything has already happened and existed once before and that’s why all pride seems exceedingly superfluous and inexpedient. But why, dear friend, don’t you stick meticulously to your drizzling theme? In fact, often it only drizzles. But more often it pours and rains in real torrents, as if it wanted to inundate every path, park, dear lovely garden, every field and the paraphernalia hanging there. To be drenched by rain now and then isn’t at all funny, rather it can be quite irksome, which without doubt everyone will have experienced in his dull or eventful life. In a proper rain everything becomes wet except water, like rivers, which can’t possibly get wet because they already are. What I am I can’t become, and what I have can’t be given to me. Rain moistens roofs, fills holes and barrels with water, swims and runs down slopes, washes useless stuff away, sees to it that everything all about glitters watery, swallows up and gulps down dust, is a sweeper and wiper who diligently wipes and valiantly sweeps up and makes those who don’t carry an umbrella scurry along. How richly thinged the world is; again and again we sincerely have to adore it. Should it also be permitted to think about excursions, entire cities, wide, verdant landscapes filled with fruitfulness, of Russian, Bavarian, Belgian, Thuringian, North American, Spanish, Tuscan regions moistened and injected with abundant wetness? Or about historical pageants, the dense crowd breaking up, seeking shelter that looks quite pleasant? Wouldn’t a dreamy poet in rainy weather like to sit at a dear old window so as to feel RAIN","PeriodicalId":54889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics","volume":"64 1","pages":"101 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80920509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Litter 垃圾

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2019-07-16 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-52090-2_300270

Joanna Novak

引用次数: 0

Eos

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2019-07-16 DOI: 10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e330980

M. Meriam

引用次数: 0

The nutritive value of Dichrostachys cinerea subspecies nyasana pod meal as an alternative feed resource for weaned rabbits and piglets in Southern Africa 非洲南部断奶兔和仔猪替代饲料资源的营养价值

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2019-07-02 DOI: 10.17170/KOBRA-20190613553

M. N. Mthiyane, Sqondile Skhulile Mdziniso, Vusi Nichodima Dlamini

{"title":"The nutritive value of Dichrostachys cinerea subspecies nyasana pod meal as an alternative feed resource for weaned rabbits and piglets in Southern Africa","authors":"M. N. Mthiyane, Sqondile Skhulile Mdziniso, Vusi Nichodima Dlamini","doi":"10.17170/KOBRA-20190613553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/KOBRA-20190613553","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the nutritional value of Dichrostachys cinerea subsp. nyassana pod meal (DCNPM), an abundant freely available feed resource derived from an invasive plant in Southern Africa, for weaned rabbits and piglets, and the ameliorative effect of wood ash extract (WAE) against deleterious effects of DCNPM tannins. In a completely randomised design (CRD), 16 weaned rabbits were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments (DCNPM at 0, 5, 10, and 20 %) with 4 replicate animals each, for 6 weeks (Exp. 1). Also, in a 6-week CRD study (Exp. 2), 16 weaned piglets were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments (DCNPM at 0 %, 10 %, 20 %−WAE, and 20 %+WAE) each with 4 replicate piglets. Results showed DCNPM had (in g per kg DM) moderate crude protein (CP: 113.1) and ether extract (EE: 16.7) but high crude fibre (CF: 260.6) and ash (70.0) contents; it further contained Ca (1.2), P (0.6), K (15.5), Mg (1.1), Cu (0.05), Fe (0.04), Mn (0.03) and Zn (0.03). For both rabbits and piglets, body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion efficiency (FCE) were not influenced ( p > 0.05) by dietary DCNPM supplementation. Similarly, there were no effects of DCNPM on rabbit carcass characteristics ( p > 0.05). However, DCNPM linearly increased feed intake (FI) in rabbits ( p < 0.001). In piglets, FI was increased at 10 %, but decreased at 20 %, DCNPM; interestingly WAE treatment reversed the decrease in FI induced by 20 % DCNPM ( p < 0.001). In conclusion, our results demonstrate DCNPM to have moderate CP but high CF, with reasonable contents of trace minerals. It can be incorporated at 20 % in rabbit diets without further amendment; and at the same level in piglet diets provided it is treated with WAE.","PeriodicalId":54889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics","volume":"120 1","pages":"21-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42298835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of three leafy vegetables on the growth performance of Giant African Snail Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica 三种叶类蔬菜对非洲巨型蜗牛生长性能的影响

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2019-06-07 DOI: 10.17170/KOBRA-20190219195

M. Amobi, B. Ezewudo, V. Okpoko, C. U. Ugokwe, H. N. Okereke

{"title":"Effects of three leafy vegetables on the growth performance of Giant African Snail Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica","authors":"M. Amobi, B. Ezewudo, V. Okpoko, C. U. Ugokwe, H. N. Okereke","doi":"10.17170/KOBRA-20190219195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/KOBRA-20190219195","url":null,"abstract":"This present research was performed to evaluate the effects of three leafy vegetable diets [bitter leaf ( Vernonia amygdalina ), fluted pumpkin leaf ( Telfairia occidentalis ) and pawpaw leaf ( Carica papaya )] on the growth performance of Giant African Snail ( Achatina fulica ). A total of ninety (90) A. fulica were used for the study. Thirty (30) snails each were subjected to three different dietary treatments in three replicates of 10 snails per replicate and fed with the fresh leaves of these vegetables over a period of 12 weeks. Results obtained recorded no significant differences ( P > 0.05) in terms of weight gain, shell length, shell circumference and shell thickness. On the whole, A. fulica fed on T. occidentalis leaf performed better in terms of mean weight gain when compared with those fed on V. amygdalina and C. papaya leaves . Conversely, snails fed on C. papaya leaf had the best mean shell length gain, mean shell circumference and mean shell thickness when compared with those fed on V. amygdalina and T. occidentalis leaves. The study clearly showed that the tested vegetables can be successfully utilised as diets for rearing of A. fulica . For farmers to achieve optimum productivity, Telfairia occidentalis and Carica papaya leaves are recommended in the dietary menus of snails while bitter leaf can successfully serve as an alternative to the other leaves.","PeriodicalId":54889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics","volume":"120 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48608823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Natural and land-use drivers of primary production in a highly vulnerable region of livestock production (Sierras del Este – Uruguay) 畜牧生产高度脆弱地区初级生产的自然和土地利用驱动因素(乌拉圭埃斯特山脉)

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2019-02-21 DOI: 10.17170/KOBRA-20190219194

Ismael Díaz, M. Achkar, C. Crisci, N. Mazzeo

{"title":"Natural and land-use drivers of primary production in a highly vulnerable region of livestock production (Sierras del Este – Uruguay)","authors":"Ismael Díaz, M. Achkar, C. Crisci, N. Mazzeo","doi":"10.17170/KOBRA-20190219194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/KOBRA-20190219194","url":null,"abstract":"Sierras del Este is one of the two regions in Uruguay that are most vulnerable to climate change. A relevant vulnerability factor is the variability of the natural grasslands’ productivity. The objective of this study was to analyse the role of natural and land use drivers on grassland productivity as an essential factor for increasing the adaptive capacity of livestock production and reducing their vulnerability to extreme climatic events. The period 2000–2015 was analysed using the aboveground net primary production (ANPP), rainfall patterns, soil maps and surface slopes, livestock stocking density (LSD) information, and interviews with livestock producers. The results showed a decreasing trend in ANPP between 2000 and 2009, and an increase between 2010 and 2015. These trends are associated with rainfall fluctuations: greater ANPP variability is explained by the rainfall accumulation of the 4 previous months. In addition, ANPP is affected by soil type (deeper and more clayey, higher ANPP), surface slope (steeper surface slope, lower ANPP) and LSD (higher LSD, higher ANPP). In drought periods, these relations are reversed. The main results suggested that changes in ANPP between drought and wet periods are not linearly related to the drivers analysed, and an important spatially structured pattern was detected. The evidence provides information to anticipate extreme events, allowing to define and explore strategies to reduce the impacts of drought. The reduction of vulnerability implies challenges at the individual level to increase efficiency in livestock management and at a collective level to integrate and complement favourably the various land use activities in the area. In this sense, public policy should have a leading role to promote these transformations.","PeriodicalId":54889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics","volume":"120 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48514556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Closed Doors 关闭的门

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2019-01-30 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1ccbggs.34

R. O'Brien

引用次数: 0

Smallholder goat production in the Namaacha and Moamba districts of southern Mozambique 莫桑比克南部Namaacha和Moamba地区的小型山羊生产

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2018-12-17 DOI: 10.17170/KOBRA-2018112825

G. Mataveia, C. Garrine, A. Pondja, A. Hassen, C. Visser

{"title":"Smallholder goat production in the Namaacha and Moamba districts of southern Mozambique","authors":"G. Mataveia, C. Garrine, A. Pondja, A. Hassen, C. Visser","doi":"10.17170/KOBRA-2018112825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/KOBRA-2018112825","url":null,"abstract":"Goat rearing is one of the most common livestock farming activities in Mozambique and has the potential to play a powerful role in improving the livelihoods of resource-poor farmers. This study was conducted to investigate the status of goat husbandry practices in rural areas of southern Mozambique. Data were collected from a total of 45 smallholder goat keepers in three different villages through questionnaires complemented by interviews. Most households were dependent on crop production and livestock as their main source of income. Goats were reared under extensive systems where free grazing and tethering were the common feeding management practices with limited supplementation during the dry season. The flock sizes per household were predominantly small (13 ± 2.4) with uncontrolled breeding of goats. The goats were reared mainly as a source of meat for home consumption and a means of reserve cash income. All household members were involved in goat production but women and children had a minor role in terms of decision making. The main constrains limiting goat production were diseases, lack of veterinary services, limited size of grazing land and scarcity of feed resources. Intervention programs focused on improving the husbandry practices and veterinary assistance should be initiated to improve goat production and thereby improve the income and livelihood of the resource-poor farmers in Mozambique. This paper presents a summary of the results of a baseline study in the Namaacha and Moamba districts of Mozambique.","PeriodicalId":54889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics","volume":"119 1","pages":"31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48929743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

In the search for low-cost year-round feeds: Pen-level growth performance of local and crossbred Ugandan pigs fed forage- or silage-based diets versus commercial diet 寻找低成本的全年饲料:饲喂草料或青贮饲料与商业饲料的地方和杂交乌干达猪的栏级生长性能

Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics Pub Date : 2018-12-04 DOI: 10.17170/KOBRA-2018112824

N. Carter, C. Dewey, D. Grace, B. Lukuyu, E. Smith, C. Lange

{"title":"In the search for low-cost year-round feeds: Pen-level growth performance of local and crossbred Ugandan pigs fed forage- or silage-based diets versus commercial diet","authors":"N. Carter, C. Dewey, D. Grace, B. Lukuyu, E. Smith, C. Lange","doi":"10.17170/KOBRA-2018112824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/KOBRA-2018112824","url":null,"abstract":"Smallholder pig farmers in East Africa report that lack of feed, seasonal feed shortages, quality and cost are key constraints to pig rearing. Commercially prepared pig diets are too expensive and people and pigs compete for food. Smallholder farmers typically feed nutritionally unbalanced diets, resulting in low average daily gain (ADG) and poor farmer profits. Our objective was to compare the ADG of Ugandan pigs fed forage- or silage-based or commercial diets. Ugandan weaner-grower pigs were randomly assigned to forage- or silage-based diets or commercial diet. Pigs were weighed every 3 weeks from 9 to 32 weeks of age. Pen-level ADG and feed conversion were compared across diets using multiple linear regression. The ADG of pigs fed forage- or silage-based diets was lower than those fed commercial diets between 9 and 24 weeks of age ( p < 0.05). Between 28 and 32 weeks, pigs fed forage-based diets had lower ADG than those on other diets ( p < 0.05). Least squares mean ADG (g/pig/day) for pigs fed forage- or silage-based diets or commercial diet were 36, and 52, and 294 respectively at 9–15 weeks; 163, 212, 329 at 15–19 weeks; 112, 362, 574 at 20–24 weeks and 694, 994, and 1233 at 28 to 32 weeks of age. It was concluded that forage- and silage-based diets are unsuitable for small, newly weaned pigs. Feeding forage- or silage-based diets to finishing pigs is more suitable. Forage- and silage based diets are year-round low-cost pig-feeding strategies that will improve the growth performance of East African pigs, thereby increasing pig farmer income and food security.","PeriodicalId":54889,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics","volume":"119 1","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48961048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2