Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Genetic parameters, genomic prediction, and identification of regulatory regions located on chromosome 14 for weight traits in Nellore cattle.","authors":"Miller Teodoro, Amanda Marchi Maiorano, Gabriel Soares Campos, Lúcia Galvão de Albuquerque, Henrique Nunes de Oliveira","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate functional variants in chromosome 14 (BTA14) and its impact in genomic selection for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), and yearling weight (YW) in Nellore cattle. Genetic parameter estimation and the weighted single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (WssGBLUP) analyses were performed. Direct additive heritability estimates were high for WW and YW, and moderate for BW. Trait-associated variants distributed across multiple regions on BTA14 were observed in the weighted single-step genome-wide association studies (WssGWAS) results, implying a polygenic genetic architecture for weight in different ages. Several genes have been found in association with the weight traits, including the CUB And Sushi multiple domains 3 (CSMD3), thyroglobulin (TG), and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) genes. The variance explained per SNP was higher in six functional classes of gene regulatory regions (5UTR, CpG islands, downstream, upstream, long non-coding RNA, and transcription factor binding sites (TFBS)), highlighting their importance for weight traits in Nellore cattle. A marginal increase in accuracy was observed when the selected functional variants (SV) information was considered in the WssGBLUP method, probably because of the small number of SV available on BTA14. The identified genes, pathways, and functions contribute to a better understanding of the genetic and physiological mechanisms regulating weight traits in the Nellore breed.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian estimates of genetic parameters for growth traits in Harnali sheep.","authors":"Spandan Shashwat Dash, Yogesh C Bangar, Ankit Magotra, C S Patil, Rohit Sharma, Ashish Chauhan, S P Dahiya","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to estimate genetic parameters of the growth traits under Bayesian inference in Harnali sheep. The information of pedigree and targeted traits of 2404 Harnali animals born to 159 sires and 695 dams was collected for the period from 1998 to 2021. The growth traits included weight at birth (BWT), 3 (WWT), 6 (6WT) and 12 (YWT) months of age. The genetic evaluation was carried out using six univariate animal models comprising direct and maternal effects using THRGIBBS1F90 and POSTGIBBSF90 programs. The fixed factors adjusted in the analysis were period of birth, sex of lamb and dam's weight at lambing. Bayesian estimates of direct heritability under best model for BWT, WWT, 6WT and YWT traits were 0.16 ± 0.04, 0.10 ± 0.04, 0.18 ± 0.04, and 0.05 ± 0.03, respectively. The significant maternal influences observed for BWT and WWT traits with 9% and 8% contribution to total phenotypic variances, respectively. Additionally, maternal permanent environmental influences were observed to BWT (4%) and YWT trait (3%). The genetic and phenotypic correlations among studied traits were high and positive. The genetic changes were positive and significant for WWT only. It was concluded that the weight at 6 months of age can be continued as selection criterion for further genetic improvement through selection. Also, maternal effects should be considered in breeding programme for enhancing early growth performance in Harnali sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate analysis of herd structure and genetic resource indicators in seedstock beef cattle herds.","authors":"Rafael Monteiro Dos Santos, Iris Assis Aganete, Bruna Diego Botrel, Gilberto Romeiro de Oliveira Menezes, Leonardo Martin Nieto, Maury Dorta de Souza, Fabio Luiz Buranelo Toral","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic, environmental, technological and financial resources are used differently in cattle herds that participate in the same breeding programme. The percentages of calves sired by sires within their own herd or from external herds vary across herds, as do the intensities of use of reproductive biotechnologies. These divergences may be related to differences in the indicators of genetic performance for economic traits. The aim of this study was to determine the factors related to herd structure and genetic resource utilization that exert the greatest influence on the genetic merit of seedstock herds within a Nellore breeding programme. The database comprised 21 factors, along with genomic-enhanced expected progeny differences (GE-EPDs) for growth, reproductive and carcass traits, as well as a selection index of animals from 128 herds. By combining principal component analysis and cluster analysis, we were able to group the herds. We identified statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the mean values of the factors, GE-EPDs and genetic trends among the groups of herds. Differences in the percentage of sires from external herds and in sire age between the groups of herds were the factors most associated with differences in mean GE-EPDs and genetic trends. Using young sires from other herds or lineages is an effective strategy in animal breeding. By enhancing genetic variability, this approach does not only improve the genetic quality of herds but also accelerates genetic progress in desired traits over time. Therefore, to ensure the success of this strategy, it is crucial that seedstock herds undergo a thorough selection process aimed at maximizing the genetic potential of future generations of beef cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling heat stress effects on milk production traits in Tunisian Holsteins using a random regression approach.","authors":"Nabil Soumri, Maria Jesus Carabaño, Oscar González-Recio, Sonia Bedhiaf-Romdhani","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the impact of temperature and humidity on milk production traits in Tunisian dairy cows, analysing population-level trends and individual cow responses using various modelling techniques and heat stress (HS) indices. Two distinct datasets were used for this purpose: the first included 551,139; 331,654 and 302,396 test-day records for milk, fat and protein yields, respectively. The second supplemented the production information with daily average (THIavg) and maximum (THImax) temperature-humidity index (THI) data. Three main parts of analyses were conducted simultaneously: classical least squares, identification of HS thresholds and associated production losses and assessment of individual cow responses using random regression models (RRM) fitting various continuous functions that include/exclude individual effects. The best model, determined by goodness-of-fit measurements, was a cubic polynomial function that accounted for individual variation and THIavg as a heat load measure. HS thresholds were established at THIavg/THImax of 70/74 for milk yield, 50/55 for fat percentage, 59/66 for protein percentage, 54/63 for fat yield and 56/66 for protein yield. According to the fitted polynomial models, daily milk production traits showed a curvilinear decline with accelerated loss rates beyond the established thermal thresholds. However, for all models and thermal indices, maximum daily production losses remained below 164 g/day, 4.4 g/day and 6.1 g/day for milk, fat and protein yields, respectively. Despite these losses, the relatively high thermal thresholds and lower associated production losses suggest that Tunisian dairy cows can tolerate high heat loads. Moreover, observed variations in response patterns indicate potential for selecting heat-tolerant individuals within this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent of origin genetic effects on milk production traits in a population of Iranian Holstein cows.","authors":"Farhad Ghafouri-Kesbi, Milad Noorian, Sajad Gholizadeh, Morteza Mokhtari","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim was to estimate the relative contribution of imprinting effects from both paternal and maternal sides to phenotypic variation in milk production traits including 305 days milk yield (MY), average daily milk production (ADM), fat percentage (F%), protein percentage (P%), 305 days fat yield (FY), 305 days protein yield (PY), ratio of fat percentage to protein percentage (F:P) and somatic cell score (SCS) in Iranian Holstein cows. To do this, each trait was analysed with a series of four animal models, which were identical for fixed and additive genetic effects but differed for combinations of paternal and maternal imprinting effects. The log-likelihood ratio test (LRT) and Akaike's information criteria (AIC) were used to select the best model for each trait. Correlations between traits due to additive and imprinting effects were estimated by bivariate analyses. For all traits studied, fitting the imprinting effect led to a better data fit. Also, it resulted in a noticeable decrease in additive genetic variance from 8% (SCS) to 28% (F:P). A significant maternal imprinting effect was detected on all traits studied. Estimates of maternal imprinting heritability ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><msubsup><mi>h</mi> <mi>mi</mi> <mn>2</mn></msubsup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ {h}_{mathrm{mi}}^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) were 0.07 ± 0.02, 0.04 ± 0.01, 0.06 ± 0.01, 0.05 ± 0.01, 0.5 ± 0.01, 0.09 ± 0.02, 0.07 ± 0.02 and 0.06 ± 0.01 for MY, ADM, F%, P%, FY, PY, F:P and SCS, respectively. For F:P, in addition to the maternal imprinting effect, a significant paternal imprinting component was also detected with a 7% contribution to phenotypic variance of F:P. Estimates of direct heritability ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><msubsup><mi>h</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mn>2</mn></msubsup> </mrow> <annotation>$$ {h}_{mathrm{a}}^2 $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ) were 0.29 ± 0.02, 0.17 ± 0.01, 0.22 ± 0.02, 0.11 ± 0.01, 0.18 ± 0.02, 0.22 ± 0.02, 0.15 ± 0.04 and 0.06 ± 0.01 for MY, ADM, F%, P%, FY, PY, F:P and SCS, respectively. Maternal imprinting correlations (r_mi) were in a wide range between -0.75 ± 0.15 (P%-SCS) and 0.95 ± 0.11 (MY-ADM). Additive genetic correlations (r_a) ranged between -0.54 ± 0.05 (MY-P%) and 0.99 ± 0.01 (MY-ADM) and phenotypic correlations (r_p) ranged from -0.30 ± 0.01 (MY-F%) to 0.93 ± 0.01 (MY-ADM). The Spearman's correlation between additive breeding values including and excluding imprinting effects deviated from unity especially for top-ranked animals implying re-ranking of top animals following the inclusion of imprinting effects in the model. Since including imprinting effects in the model resulted in better data fit and re-ranking of top animals, including these effects in the genetic evaluation models for milk production traits was recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple-trait genomic prediction for swine meat quality traits using gut microbiome features as a correlated trait.","authors":"Francesco Tiezzi, Clint Schwab, Caleb Shull, Christian Maltecca","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traits such as meat quality and composition are becoming valuable in modern pork production; however, they are difficult to include in genetic evaluations because of the high phenotyping costs. Combining genomic information with multiple-trait indirect selection with cheaper indicator traits is an alternative for continued cost-effective genetic improvement. Additionally, gut microbiome information is becoming more affordable to measure using targeted rRNA sequencing, and its applications in animal breeding are becoming relevant. In this paper, we investigated the usefulness of microbial information as a correlated trait in selecting meat quality in swine. This study incorporated phenotypic data encompassing marbling, colour, tenderness, loin muscle and backfat depth, along with the characterization of gut (rectal) microbiota through 16S rRNA sequencing at three distinct time points of the animal's growth curve. Genetic progress estimation and cross-validation were employed to evaluate the utility of utilizing host genomic and gut microbiota information for selecting expensive-to-record traits in crossbred individuals. Initial steps involved variance components estimation using multiple-trait models on a training dataset, where the top 25 associated operational taxonomic units (OTU) for each meat quality trait and time point were included. The second step compared the predictive ability of multiple-trait models incorporating different numbers of OTU with single-trait models in a validation set. Results demonstrated the advantage of including genomic information for some traits, while in some instances, gut microbial information proved advantageous, namely, for marbling and pH. The study suggests further investigation into the shared genetic architecture between microbial features and traits, considering microbial data's compositional and high-dimensional nature. This research proposes a straightforward method to enhance swine breeding programs for improving costly-to-record traits like meat quality by incorporating gut microbiome information.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence variants associated with resilient responses in growing pigs.","authors":"Houda Laghouaouta, Marina Laplana, Roger Ros-Freixedes, Lorenzo J Fraile, Ramona N Pena","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current work aimed to identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with resilience in pigs. In previous work, we proposed the body weight deviation from the expected growth curve (ΔBW) and the increase of the positive acute-phase protein haptoglobin (ΔHP) after a vaccine challenge as resilience indicators which may be improved through selective breeding in pigs. Individuals with steady growth rate and minor activation of haptoglobin (high ΔBW and low ΔHP values) were considered resilient. In contrast, pigs with perturbed growth rate and high activation of haptoglobin (low ΔBW and high ΔHP values) were considered susceptible. Both ∆BW and ∆HP were simultaneously considered to select the most resilient (N = 40) and susceptible (N = 40) pigs. A genome-wide association study was carried out for the pigs' response classification to the challenge test using whole-genome sequence data (7,760,720 variants). Eleven associated genomic regions were identified, harbouring relevant candidate genes related to the immune response (such as pro- and anti-inflammatory responses) and growth pathways. These associated genomic regions harboured 41 potential functional mutations (frameshift, splice donor, splice acceptor, start loss and stop loss/gain) in candidate genes. Overall, this study advances our knowledge about the genetic determinism of resilience, highlighting its polygenic nature and strong relationship with immunity and growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of reproductive traits on productive life in Iranian Holstein dairy cows.","authors":"Reza Reisi-Vanani, Saeid Ansari-Mahyari, Abbas Pakdel, Roger I Cue","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enhancing reproductive performance is a key strategy to mitigate involuntary culling rates, thereby extending productive life (PL) and ultimately improving profitability in dairy cattle herds. A piecewise Weibull proportional hazards model was used to investigate the effect of several important reproductive traits on PL in Holstein dairy cows. Data comprised 200,747 lactation records from 82,505 cows sired by 1952 bulls across 36 dairy herds. PL was defined as the number of days from the first calving to the last milk record or censoring. The statistical model accounted for the time-dependent fixed effects of changes in herd size, year-season, milk production, fat and protein contents, and the time-independent fixed effect of age at first calving. Herd-year and sire effects were also included as random effects. Reproductive traits include calving traits such as calving ease (CE), calf size (CZ), and calf survival (CS), as well as female fertility traits such as number of inseminations per conception (NI), days from calving to first service (CFS), days from first service to conception (FSC), and days open (DO). All reproductive traits had a significant effect on PL (p < 0.001). Each reproductive trait was analysed separately. The relative risk (RR) of being culled increased as the severity of calving difficulties increased in both primiparous and multiparous cows. Cows that calved small or large calves showed a higher risk of being culled compared with those that calved medium size calves. The increased RR of culling was observed only for primiparous cows that gave birth to dead calves. In addition, cows that required more NI, a longer CFS, FSC, and DO had shorter longevity. These insights can deepen our comprehension of the factors affecting PL and provide information for refining management and breeding strategies, which could lead to increased profitability and sustainability in Iranian dairy farming.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tag SNP selection for prediction of adaptation traits in Braford and Hereford cattle using Bayesian methods.","authors":"Fernando A Reimann, Gabriel S Campos, Vinícius S Junqueira, Helena B Comin, Bruna P Sollero, Leandro L Cardoso, Rodrigo F da Costa, Arione A Boligon, Marcos J Yokoo, Fernando F Cardoso","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study utilized Bayesian inference in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic markers associated with traits relevant to the adaptation of Hereford and Braford cattle breeds. We focused on eye pigmentation (EP), weaning hair coat (WHC), yearling hair coat (YHC), and breeding standard (BS). Our dataset comprised 126,290 animals in the pedigree. Out of these, 233 sires were genotyped using high-density (HD) chips, and 3750 animals with medium-density (50 K) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips. Employing the Bayes B method with a prior probability of π = 0.99, we identified and tagged single nucleotide polymorphisms (Tag SNPs), ranging from 18 to 117 SNPs depending on the trait. These Tag SNPs facilitated the construction of reduced SNP panels. We then evaluated the predictive accuracy of these panels in comparison to traditional medium-density SNP chips. The accuracy of genomic predictions using these reduced panels varied significantly depending on the clustering method, ranging from 0.13 to 0.65. Additionally, we conducted functional enrichment analysis that found genes associated with the most informative SNP markers in the current study, thereby providing biological insights into the genomic basis of these traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic analysis of genotype-environment interaction in age at first calving of Murrah buffaloes.","authors":"Jessica Cristina Gonçalves Dos Santos, Francisco Ribeiro de Araujo Neto, Leonardo de Oliveira Seno, Daniel Jordan de Abreu Santos, Katryne Jordana de Oliveira, Rusbel Raul Aspilcueta-Borquis, Henrique Nunes de Oliveira, Humberto Tonhati","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age at first calving (AFC) is a measure of sexual maturity associated with the start of productive life of dairy animals. Additionally, a lower AFC reduces the generation interval and early culling of females. However, AFC has low heritability, making it a trait highly influenced by environmental factors. In this scenario, one way to improve the reproductive performance of buffalo cows is to select robust animals according to estimated breeding value (EBV) using models that include genotype-environment interaction (GEI) with the application of reaction norm models (RNMs). This can be achieved by understanding the genomic basis related to GEI of AFC. Thus, in this study, we aimed to predict EBV considering GEI via the RNM and identify candidate genes related to this component in dairy buffaloes through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We used 1795 AFC records from three Murrah buffalo herds and formed environmental gradients (EGs) from contemporary group solutions obtained from genetic analysis of 270-day cumulative milk yield. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.15 to 0.39 along the EG. GWAS of the RNM slope parameter identified important genomic regions. The genomic window that explained the highest percentage of genetic variance of the slope (0.67%) was located on BBU1. After functional analysis, five candidate genes were detected, involved in two biological processes. The results suggested the existence of a GEI for AFC in Murrah buffaloes, with reclassification of animals when different environmental conditions were considered. The inclusion of genomic information increased the accuracy of breeding values for the intercept and slope of the reaction norm. GWAS analysis suggested that important genes associated with the AFC reaction norm slope were possibly also involved in biological processes related to lipid metabolism and immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141263292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}