Journal of Athletic Training最新文献

{"title":"Association between Neural Plasticity and Pain-Related Fear in Chronic Ankle Instability: A Structural Neuroimaging Study.","authors":"Yuwen Zhang,Xiao'ao Xue,Guangxin Guo,Rongqian Cao,Le Yu,Weichu Tao,Siqi Pan,Yinghui Hua,He Wang","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0214.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0214.24","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXTPain-related movement fear is a contributing factor to residual pain and functional deficits in chronic ankle instability (CAI), but its underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear.OBJECTIVESWe aimed to (1) delineate whether participants with CAI exhibit discernible differences in specific emotion and pain-related brain regions, compared to a healthy control (HC) cohort and (2) explore potential neural mechanisms underlying pain and fear in participants with CAI, with an emphasis on investigating possible associations with pain-related neural plasticity.DESIGNCross-sectional study.SETTINGUniversity research laboratory.PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS28 participants with CAI (17males and 11 females; age: 31.28±6.31 years) and 28 HCs (16 males and 12 females; age: 30.18±7.59 years).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)We analyzed T1 structural imaging data from participants and assessed their fear of movement and pain intensity using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, respectively. We compared the mean gray matter (GM) density of pain-related area between the two groups and their correlations with the TSK and VAS scores.RESULTSIn comparison with the HC group, participants with CAI showed a significant decrease in the mean GM density in the prefrontal cortex (Cohen's d = -0.808) and periaqueductal gray (Cohen's d = -0.934). In participants with CAI, the mean GM density of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was negatively correlated with the TSK scores (r = -0.531). During intense exercise, the mean GM density of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) was negatively correlated with the VAS scores (r = -0.484). Additionally, TSK scores were positively correlated with VAS scores (r = 0.455).CONCLUSIONSOur exploratory findings suggest that, in participants with CAI, the atrophy of the PFC and PAG may be associated with pain-related fear. Future clinical diagnosis and treatment for CAI should consider the impact of psychological barriers on functional recovery.","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gut Microbiota characterization of a World-Class Mountain Trail runner during a complete competition season: a case report.","authors":"J Álvarez-Herms,M Burtscher,A González-Benito,F Corbi,A Odriozola-Martínez","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0143.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0143.24","url":null,"abstract":"In the present case study, the gut microbiota (GM) profile of a male Elite Mountain Runner (34 years, 171cm, 59 kg, VO2max: 92 mL·min-1 ·kg-1) was analyzed over 5 months competitive period (6 samples). The GM diversity increased through the season coinciding higher levels to the peak performance and shorter and longer race (42 vs. 172 km) produced different phenotypic GM changes. Shorter race promoted the elevation of protective bacteria related to positive benefits (higher production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate resynthesis, mucin degraders). In contrast, longer race promoted an elevation of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria while reducing protective commensal bacteria. The present findings indicate that a higher resilience of the GM after competitions may support rapid recovery from maximal exercise. The GM analyses pre- and post-competition could represent a rapid indicator for the (patho)physiological impact of exercise and provide information on gut health and recovery time needed.","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low back pain or injury before collegiate athletics, a potential risk factor for non-contact athletic injuries.","authors":"Steven Solomon,Sylvia Lin,Heidi Prather,Devyani M Hunt,Mansi Agarwal,Nancy J Bloom,Lauren Mills,John C Clohisy,Marcie Harris-Hayes","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0151.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0151.24","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXTMajority of research surrounding the predictive value of clinical measurements and assessments for future athletic injury does not differentiate between contact and non-contact injuries.OBJECTIVEWe assessed the association between clinical measures and questionnaire data collected prior to sport participation and the incidence of non-contact lower extremity (LE) injuries among Division III collegiate athletes.DESIGNProspective cohort study.SETTINGUniversity setting, NCAA Division III.PARTICIPANTS488 Division III freshmen athletes were recruited to participate in the study during their preseason physical examinations.PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS10,983 public schools.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREProspective incidence of non-contact Lower extremity Injury.METHODSAthletes completed questionnaires to collect demographics and musculoskeletal pain history. Clinical tests, performed by trained examiners, included hip provocative tests, visual appraisal of a single leg squat to identify dynamic knee valgus, and hip range of motion (ROM). Injury surveillance for each athlete's collegiate career was performed. The athletic training department documented each athlete-reported, new onset injury and documented the injury location, type, and outcome (days lost, surgery performed). Univariable Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) models were used to analyze the relationship between each clinical measure and the first occurrence of non-contact LE injury. An exchangeable correlation structure was used to account for repeated measurements within athletes (right and left limbs).RESULTSOf the 488 athletes, 369 athletes (75%) were included in the final analysis. 69 non-contact LE injuries were reported. Responding \"Yes\" to \"Have you ever had pain or an injury to your low back\" was associated with an increased risk of non-contact LE, odds ratio = 1.59 (95%CI 1.03- 2.45, p=.04). No other clinical measures were associated with increased injury risk.CONCLUSIONA history of prior low back pain or injury was associated with an increased risk of sustaining a non-contact LE injury while participating in NCAA Division III athletics.","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations of throwing athletes with upper extremity injury when completing the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE).","authors":"Kellie C Huxel Bliven,Curt Bay,Kayla A Pavelski,Alison R Snyder Valier","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0466.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0466.23","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXTThe Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) is a widely used patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure that provides an efficient, but limited view of patient perceptions of health. Knowledge of what throwing athletes with upper extremity injury consider when answering the SANE would inform score interpretation and increase its value for clinical decision-making in this patient population.OBJECTIVETo investigate the global rating of the SANE and its ability to capture constructs of health reflected in patient-reported outcome measures that are commonly used in throwing athletes with upper extremity sport-related injury.DESIGNCross-sectional study.SETTINGRetrospective database review.PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTSDe-identified patient records of baseball and softball athletes diagnosed with upper extremity sport-related injury between October 2009 and June 2021 were reviewed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESPrimary outcomes were scores on the SANE; Functional Arm Scale for Throwers (FAST) total; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) total; and Global Rating of Daily Activities (GRODA). The first administration of all PROs that patients completed post-injury were analyzed as potential predictors of SANE scores. The proportion of variance uniquely accounted for in the SANE by each predictor (R2) variable was estimated.RESULTSFifty-five patients completed PRO measures. The FAST total uniquely accounted for 32.9% (P <.001), the GRODA uniquely accounted for 11.6% (P <.001), and the DASH total uniquely accounted for 4.6% (P=.036) of the variance in the SANE score. Overall, the predictors accounted for 49.2% of the variance in the SANE score (P <.001).CONCLUSIONSGiven that the SANE captures multiple constructs of health, it may be useful in gathering a quick, broad view of throwing athletes' perception of their health. When SANE scores suggest diminished health, then multi-item PROs should be considered to further explore constructs of health most impacted.","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain Is Modulated Differently Between Females with and without Patellofemoral Pain: Factors Related to Sensitization.","authors":"Kemery J Sigmund,Marie K Hoeger Bement,Wendy E Huddleston,Kyle T Ebersole,Jennifer E Earl-Boehm","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0124.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0124.24","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXTPatellofemoral pain (PFP) has poor long-term recovery outcomes. Central sensitization describes central nervous system changes altering pain modulation, which can complicate recovery (poorer prognosis, worse function). Signs of central sensitization include amplified pain facilitation, pain hypersensitivity, and impaired pain inhibition, which can be measured with temporal summation of pain (TSP), pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM), respectively. Sex differences exist for these test responses, but female-only PFP investigations of sensitization are uncommon. Understanding pain modulation in females with PFP could improve treatment protocols.OBJECTIVETo determine whether females with PFP exhibit signs of central sensitization (greater TSP, lower PPTs, reduced CPM) compared to pain-free females.DESIGNCross-sectional Setting: Laboratory Patients or Other Participants: Thirty-three females [(20 PFP, 13 pain-free); Age: PFP 29.2 ± 7 years, pain-free 28 ± 7 years; Height: PFP 166.7 ± 5.9cm, pain-free 166 ± 9.5cm, Mass: PFP 66.7 ± 9.6kg, pain-free 69.3 ± 7.5kg).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESTSP was assessed with ten punctate stimuli applied to the knee and calculated by the difference in pain intensity between beginning and end responses. PPTs were tested at four sites [3 for local hypersensitivity (knee), 1 for widespread hypersensitivity (hand)]. CPM was conducted by comparing PPTs during two conditions (baseline, ice immersion). CPM response was defined as the percent difference between conditions. Between-group differences in TSP response were analyzed with a Welch's test. Separate Welch's tests analyzed group comparisons of PPTs and CPM responses at four sites.RESULTSFemales with PFP exhibited greater TSP response (P=0.019) and lower CPM response at patella center (P=0.010) and hand sites (P=0.007) than pain-free females. PPT group differences were not observed at any site (P>0.0125).CONCLUSIONSFemales with PFP modulate pain differently than pain-free females. Clinicians should recognize signs of central sensitization and their potential impact on treatment options.","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Overuse Injuries in Gender-Comparable Sports: A Nationally Representative Sample of High School Athletes.","authors":"Josie L Bunstine, Jingzhen Yang, Sandhya Kistamgari, Christy L Collins, Gary A Smith","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0040.23","DOIUrl":"10.4085/1062-6050-0040.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Participation in high school sports has physical, physiological, and social development benefits, while also increasing the risk of acute and overuse injuries. Risk of sport-related overuse injury differs between boys and girls.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate differences in overuse injuries among US high school athletes participating in the gender-comparable sports of soccer, basketball, and baseball/softball.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Descriptive epidemiology study using a nationally representative sample from the High School Reporting Information Online (RIO) database.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>High schools.</p><p><strong>Patients or other participants: </strong>Athletes with overuse injuries during the 2006-2007 through 2018-2019 academic years.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure(s): </strong>National estimates and rates of overuse injuries were extrapolated from weighted observed numbers with the following independent variables: sport, gender, academic year, class year, event type, body site, diagnosis, recurrence, activity, and position.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among an estimated 908 295 overuse injuries nationally, 43.9% (n = 398 419) occurred in boys' soccer, basketball, and baseball, whereas 56.1% (n = 509 876) occurred in girls' soccer, basketball, and softball. When comparing gender across sports, girls were more likely to sustain an overuse injury than boys (soccer, injury rate ratio [IRR]: 1.37, 95% CI = 1.20-1.57; basketball, IRR: 1.82, 95% CI = 1.56-2.14; baseball/softball, IRR: 1.21, 95% CI = 1.04-1.41). Most overuse injuries in soccer and basketball for both genders occurred to a lower extremity (soccer: 83.9% [175 369/209 071] for boys, 90.0% [243 879/271 092] for girls; basketball: 77.0% [59 239/76 884] for boys, 80.5% [81 826/101 709] for girls), whereas most overuse injuries in baseball and softball were to an upper extremity (72.5% [81 363/112 213] for boys, 53.7% [73 557/136 990] for girls). For boys' baseball, pitching (43.5% [47 007/107 984]) was the most common activity associated with an overuse injury, which differed from the most common activity of throwing (31.7% [39 921/126 104]) for girls' softball.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gender differences observed in this study can help guide future strategies that are more specific to gender and sport to reduce overuse injuries among high school athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":" ","pages":"962-968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139502799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Acute Bout of Whole-Body Vibration Does Not Improve Jumping Performance in Those With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.","authors":"Derek R Dewig, Adam S Lepley, Alex Nilius, Darin A Padua, Brian G Pietrosimone, Erik A Wikstrom, J Troy Blackburn","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0446.23","DOIUrl":"10.4085/1062-6050-0446.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) often fail to return to their previous level of sport performance. Although multifaceted, this inability to regain preinjury performance may be influenced by impaired plyometric ability attributable to chronic quadriceps dysfunction. Whole-body vibration (WBV) acutely improves quadriceps function and biomechanics after ACLR, but its effects on jumping performance outcomes such as jump height, the reactive strength index (RSI), and knee work and power are unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the acute effects of WBV on measures of jumping performance in those with ACLR.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Crossover study design.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Research laboratory.</p><p><strong>Patients or other participants: </strong>Thirty-six individuals with primary, unilateral ACLR.</p><p><strong>Intervention(s): </strong>Participants stood on a WBV platform in a mini-squat position while vibration or no vibration (control) was applied during six 60-second bouts with 2 minutes of rest between bouts.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure(s): </strong>Double-leg jumping tasks were completed preintervention and postintervention (WBV or control) and consisted of jumping off a 30-cm box to 2 force plates half the participant's height away. The jumping task required participants to maximally jump vertically upon striking the force plates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Whole-body vibration did not produce significant improvements in any of the study outcomes (ie, jump height, RSI, and knee work and power) in either limb (P = .053-.839).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that a single bout of WBV is insufficient for improving jumping performance in individuals with ACLR. As such, using WBV to acutely improve jumping performance post-ACLR is likely not warranted. Future research should evaluate the effects of repeated exposure to WBV in combination with other plyometric interventions on jumping performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":"59 9","pages":"948-954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Extremity Muscle Volume in Unilateral and Bilateral Patellofemoral Pain: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study Including Superficial and Deep Muscles.","authors":"Sungwan Kim, Jihong Park, Michelle C Boling, Neal R Glaviano","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0330.23","DOIUrl":"10.4085/1062-6050-0330.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Existing patellofemoral pain (PFP) literature has primarily been focused on quadriceps muscle volume, with limited attention given to the deep and superficial muscle volume of the lower limbs in individuals with unilateral and bilateral PFP. In this paper, we aim to fill this gap.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore superficial and deep lower extremity muscle volume in women with unilateral or bilateral PFP compared with a normative database of pain-free women.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>University imaging research center.</p><p><strong>Patients or other participants: </strong>Twenty women with PFP (10 unilateral and 10 bilateral) and 8 pain-free women from a normative database.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure(s): </strong>We quantified lower extremity muscle volume via 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging. Two separate 1-way analyses of variance were performed: (1) unilateral PFP (painful versus nonpainful limb) versus pain-free control groups and (2) bilateral PFP (more painful versus less painful limb) versus pain-free control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed no differences in age and body mass index across groups (P > .05). Compared with the pain-free group, the unilateral and bilateral PFP groups had bilaterally smaller volumes of the anterior (iliacus: P ≤ .0004; d range, 2.12-2.65), medial (adductor brevis, adductor longus, gracilis, and pectineus: P ≤ .02; d range, 1.25-2.48), posterior (obturator externus, obturator internus, and quadratus femoris: P < .05; d range, 1.17-4.82), and lateral (gluteus minimus: P ≤ .03; d range, 1.16-2.09) hip muscles and knee extensors (rectus femoris: P ≤ .003; d range, 1.67-2.16) and flexors (long and short head of the biceps femoris: P ≤ .01, d range, 1.56-1.93).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women with unilateral and those with bilateral PFP displayed less volume of multiple superficial and deep muscles of the bilateral hips and knees than pain-free women. Interventions should bilaterally target lower limb muscles when treating PFP, and hypertrophy exercises for specific muscles should be explored to increase choices for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":" ","pages":"915-924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphologic Response in Femoral Cartilage During and After 40-Minute Treadmill Running.","authors":"Jinwoo Lee, Junhyeong Lim, Sanghyup Park, Sojin Kim, Jihong Park","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0659.22","DOIUrl":"10.4085/1062-6050-0659.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>It is unclear whether the response in femoral cartilage to running at different intensities is different.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the acute patterns of deformation and recovery in femoral cartilage thickness during and after running at different speeds.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Crossover study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Laboratory.</p><p><strong>Patients or other participants: </strong>A total of 17 healthy men (age = 23.9 ± 2.3 years, height = 173.1 ± 5.5 cm, mass = 73.9 ± 8.0 kg).</p><p><strong>Intervention(s): </strong>Participants performed a 40-minute treadmill run at speeds of 7.5 and 8.5 km/h.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure(s): </strong>Ultrasonographic images of femoral cartilage thickness (intercondylar, lateral condyle, and medial condyle) were obtained every 5 minutes during the experiment (40 minutes of running followed by a 60-minute recovery period) at each session. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Bonferroni- and Dunnett-adjusted post hoc t tests. To identify patterns of cartilage response, we extracted principal components (PCs) from the cartilage-thickness data using PC analysis, and PC scores were analyzed using t tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regardless of time, femoral cartilage thicknesses were greater for the 8.5-km/h run than the 7.5-km/h run (intercondylar: F1,656 = 24.73, P < .001, effect size, 0.15; lateral condyle: F1,649 = 16.60, P < .001, effect size, 0.16; medial condyle: F1,649 = 16.55, P < .001, effect size, 0.12). We observed a time effect in intercondylar thickness (F20,656 = 2.15, P = .003), but the Dunnett-adjusted post hoc t test revealed that none of the time point values differed from the baseline value (P > .38 for all comparisons). Although the PC1 and PC2 captured the magnitudes of cartilage thickness and time shift (eg, earlier versus later response), respectively, t tests showed that the PC scores were not different between 7.5 and 8.5 km/h (intercondylar: P ≥ .32; lateral condyle: P ≥ .78; medial condyle: P ≥ .16).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the 40-minute treadmill run with different speeds produced different levels of fatigue, morphologic differences (<3%) in the femoral cartilage at both speeds seemed to be negligible.</p>","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":"59 9","pages":"906-914"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent Early Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms From 6 to 12 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.","authors":"Matthew S Harkey, Jeffrey B Driban, Shelby E Baez, Francesca M Genoese, Elaine Taylor Reiche, Katherine Collins, Michelle Walaszek, Ashley Triplett, Christopher Luke Wilcox, Andrew Schorfhaar, Michael Shingles, Sheeba Joseph, Christopher Kuenze","doi":"10.4085/1062-6050-0470.23","DOIUrl":"10.4085/1062-6050-0470.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Early identification of knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) could enable timely interventions to improve long-term outcomes. However, little is known about the change in early OA symptoms from 6 to 12 months post-ACLR.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the change over time in meeting classification criteria for early knee OA symptoms from 6 to 12 months after ACLR.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Research laboratory.</p><p><strong>Patients or other participants: </strong>Eighty-two participants aged 13 to 35 years who underwent unilateral primary ACLR. On average, participants' first and second visits were 6.2 and 12.1 months post-ACLR.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure(s): </strong>Early OA symptoms were classified using generic (Luyten Original) and patient population-specific (Luyten Patient Acceptable Symptom State [PASS]) thresholds on Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales. Changes in meeting early OA criteria were compared between an initial and follow-up visit at an average of 6 and 12 months post-ACLR, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two percent of participants exhibited persistent early OA symptoms across both visits using both the Luyten Original and PASS criteria. From initial to follow-up visit, 18% to 27% had resolution of early OA symptoms, while 4% to 9% developed incident symptoms. In total, 48% to 51% had no early OA symptoms at either visit. No differences were found for change in early OA status between adults and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly one-quarter of participants exhibited persistent early knee OA symptoms based on KOOS thresholds from 6 to 12 months post-ACLR. Determining if this symptom persistence predicts worse long-term outcomes could inform the need for timely interventions after ACLR. Future researchers should examine if resolving persistent symptoms in this critical window improves later outcomes. Tracking early OA symptoms over time may identify high-risk patients who could benefit from early treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54875,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Athletic Training","volume":" ","pages":"891-897"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139502860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}