{"title":"Impact Dynamics Simulation for MR Fluid Saturated Fabric Barriers","authors":"Kwon Joong Son, E. Fahrenthold","doi":"10.1115/1.4065438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065438","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Experimental research has investigated the non-Newtonian fluid augmentation of fabric barrier materials, aimed at adding impact energy dissipation mechanisms and thereby improving ballistic performance. Published experimental results on the effectiveness of these augmentations is mixed, and numerical models supporting compli- mentary modeling research are lacking, primarily due to the multiple geometric and material nonlinearities present in the system. The combination of Hamiltonian mechanics with hybrid particle-element kinematics offers a very general modeling approach to impact simulation for these systems, one which includes interstitial fluid-structure interactions, the yarn level dynamics of projectile impacts, and yarn fracture without the introduction of slidelines and without mass or energy discard. Three-dimensional impact simulations show good agreement with published experiments for magnetorheological (MR) fluid saturated Kevlar, including fabric tested under bulk field excitation of the target region and magnetomechanically edge-clamped fabric sliding in an excited air gap. The Hamiltonian method employed to develop the system level model allows for computationally efficient partitioning of the modeled physics while maintaining a thermodynamically consistent formulation.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141015593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data-Driven Initial Gap Identification of Piecewise-Linear Systems Using Sparse Regression and Universal Approximation Theorem","authors":"Ryosuke Kanki, Akira Saito","doi":"10.1115/1.4065440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065440","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper proposes a method for identifying an initial gap in piecewise-linear systems from data. Piecewise-linear systems appear in many engineered systems such as degraded mechanical systems and infrastructures, and are known to show strong nonlinearities. To analyze the behavior of such piecewise-linear systems, it is necessary to identify the initial gap, at which the system behavior switches. The proposed method identifies the initial gap by discovering the governing equations using sparse regression and calculating the gap based on the universal approximation theorem. A key step to achieve this is to approximate a piecewise-linear function by a finite sum of piecewise-linear functions in sparse regression. Equivalent gap is then calculated from the coefficients of the multiple piecewise-linear functions and their respective switching points in the obtained equation. The proposed method was first applied to a numerical model to confirm its applicability to piecewise-linear systems. Experimental validation of the proposed method has then been conducted with a simple mass-spring-hopping system, where the method successfully identified the initial gap in the system with high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianhao Man, Long Chen, Junjie He, Wei Hu, Kuihua Lu, Xiao-ang Liu
{"title":"Effect of Interstage Torsional Damping On Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics of Two-Stage Planetary Gear System","authors":"Jianhao Man, Long Chen, Junjie He, Wei Hu, Kuihua Lu, Xiao-ang Liu","doi":"10.1115/1.4065441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065441","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper explores the influence of interstage torsional damping on the nonlinear dynamics of a two-stage planetary gear transmission system. A comprehensive nonlinear dynamic model is developed, incorporating interstage torsional damping, stiffness, time-varying meshing parameters, damping, and tooth side clearance. The nonlinear equations are derived and solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The investigation reveals that the change of torsional damping between stages would significantly affect the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the system, especially under load fluctuations. Bifurcation characteristics are analyzed using phase diagrams, Poincaré diagrams, time history diagrams, and frequency-domain spectrograms. The simulation results demonstrate that heightened torsional damping between stages distinctly affects motion states across excitation frequencies. Notably, it mitigates the unstable motion state caused by high-frequency excitation when tooth side clearance is minimal.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Davide Stocco, Matteo Larcher, F. Biral, Entico Bertolazzi
{"title":"A Novel Approach for Real-Time Tire-Ground Enveloping Modeling","authors":"Davide Stocco, Matteo Larcher, F. Biral, Entico Bertolazzi","doi":"10.1115/1.4065439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065439","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Over the past decades, simulation has become vital in vehicle development and virtual testing, especially for autonomous vehicles. High-performance hard real-time simulators, which are crucial for those undertakings, require efficient algorithms to accurately model vehicle behavior within virtual environments. A prime example is tire-ground contact modeling, which is pivotal if we aim to achieve a high level of realism when simulating wheeled vehicles. Contact modeling focuses on an accurate estimation of the parameters needed to compute the forces and torques generated by vehicle-ground interaction. However, the complexity of this task is compounded by the fact that tire-ground contact is a highly non-linear phenomenon, which is further exacerbated by the need to perform tests to fine-tune state-of-the-art tire-ground contact models. To tackle those challenges, we have developed a novel enveloping model that does not require any fitting of experimental data and is based on the 3D geometry of the intersection between undeformed volumes. In this manuscript, we provide a detailed description of the algorithm's formulation, the current software implementation (available as an open-source library), as well as the achieved scalability and real-time performance.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reducing the Constrained Multibody Dynamics Problem to the Solution of a System of ODEs via Velocity Partitioning and Lie Group Integration","authors":"Alexandra Kissel, Luning Bakke, D. Negrut","doi":"10.1115/1.4065254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065254","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In multibody dynamics, formulating the equations of motion in absolute Cartesian coordinates results in a set of index-3 differential algebraic equations (DAEs). In this work, we present an approach that bypasses the DAE problem by partitioning the velocities in the system into dependent and independent coordinates, thereby reducing the task of producing the time evolution of the mechanical system to one of solving a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). In this approach, the independent coordinates are integrated directly, while the dependent coordinates are recovered through the kinematic constraint equations at the position and velocity levels. Notably, Lie group integration is employed to directly obtain the orientation matrix A at each time step of the simulation. This eliminates the need to choose generalized coordinates to capture the orientation of a body, as the matrix A is a byproduct of the solution algorithm. The approach is akin to the method presented in [1], which combines coordinate partitioning with an Euler parameter formulation. Herein, we outline the new approach and demonstrate it in conjunction with four mechanisms: a single pendulum, a double pendulum, a four-link mechanism, and a slider crank. We report on the convergence order behavior of the proposed method and a performance comparison with the solution introduced in [1]. The Python code developed to generate the reported results is open-source and available in a public repository for reproducibility studies [2].","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140747283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ning Tang, Xinyu Huang, Yuanyuan Huang, Shuiguang Tong, Feiyun Cong
{"title":"Investigation of Gear Meshing Vibration and Meshing Impact Resonance Intensity Assessment","authors":"Ning Tang, Xinyu Huang, Yuanyuan Huang, Shuiguang Tong, Feiyun Cong","doi":"10.1115/1.4065059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065059","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Gear drive is one of the most widely used transmission forms. Its vibration analysis plays an important role in design and operation. Considering the gear meshing resonance phenomenon (MRP), the paper analyzes the influences of rotating speed and load on meshing resonance intensity (MRI). Based on the gear meshing impact mechanism, meshing force variation during the engagement process were obtained. It was considered as meshing impacts exerted on the gear system. By comparing the maximum meshing force under different circumstances, it was found that rotating speeds and loads were positively related to meshing forces. The vibration signals with different load torques and rotating speeds obtained from the gear pair were analyzed. The experiment results showed that the intensity of meshing impact increased with the increases of both rotating speed and load. It was also observed that due to the MRP, the gear meshing frequency was modulated to the resonance frequency band as meshing impacts. Consequently, the resonance frequency band contained most of the energy of the meshing impact. An indicator called resonance energy ratio (RER) was defined to represent the proportion of resonance energy due to meshing impact. The simulation and experiment result show that the proposed RER indicator can well assess the intensity of the vibration. By comparing the RER values of 20 sets of gear vibration data, the influences of rotating speed and load on MRI were discussed. The result show that the proposed method is helpful to the vibration assessment and condition monitoring in different operational states.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DC Motor Velocity Control with Integral Retarded Controller Under Unintentional Delay","authors":"H-J Fan, A. Ramírez, Sabine Mondié, R. Sipahi","doi":"10.1115/1.4065014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Delay-based controllers have been recently revisited over PID controllers, with promising, analytical tuning formulae and capabilities to effectively control plants with noisy measurements even without low-pass filters. One such controller is the Integral Retarded (IR) controller, which utilizes an intentional delay to reduce actuator chattering against noisy measurements while its integral part achieves zero steady-state error for set-point regulation of Type-0 open-loop systems. However, measurements can be unintentionally delayed in many applications. IR framework for such cases has not been studied in the literature. Here, we provide new, analytical tuning rules of the controller in such cases, as well as validations through simulations and a DC motor speed control hardware experiment.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qasim Khadim, E. Kurvinen, A. Mikkola, Grzegorz Orzechowski
{"title":"Simulation-Driven Universal Surrogates of Coupled Mechanical Systems: Real-Time Simulation of a Forestry Crane","authors":"Qasim Khadim, E. Kurvinen, A. Mikkola, Grzegorz Orzechowski","doi":"10.1115/1.4065015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Preparing simulation-driven surrogates for a coupled mechanical system can be challenging because the associated mechanical and actuator dynamics demand high-fidelity numerical solutions. Introduced here is a surrogate-assisted universal actuator approach that can more easily make better predictions outside the training data for a coupled mechanical system. A UHS is proposed as an alternative to the standard method, which uses lumped fluid theory to define hydraulically actuated and coupled mechanical systems. The UHS has been developed by using a 1 D cylinder model with an approximated force model at the position and velocity levels. It was tuned to approximate predictions made for the same mechanism based on lumped fluid theory. CMA-ES was used to compare results and further tune the UHS during the training process to minimize differences between the standard and UHS approaches. By taking a surrogate-assisted monolithic approach, which reduces the number of differential equations, the UHS promises better computational performance leading to real-time simulation solutions. Using it to predict the behaviors of the simple four-bar mechanism and the forestry crane validated its robustness. The focus was on numerical accuracy and computational efficiency. The maximum PN-RMSE between the states of the approximated force model and lumped fluid theory were approximately 2.04 % and 6.95 %, respectively. Reaching a numerical solution using the new method was approximately 52 times faster than when using the standard lumped fluid theory method. The UHS can be applied in simulation, optimization, control, state and parameter estimation.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140255849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On a Nonlinear Locally Resonant Metamaterial with Resistance-Inductance Shunt","authors":"A. Malla, M. Bukhari, Oumar Barry","doi":"10.1115/1.4065010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Numerous recent works have established the potential of various types of metamaterials for simultaneous vibration control and energy harvesting. In this paper, we investigate a weakly nonlinear metamaterial with electromechanical local resonators coupled to a resistance-inductance shunt circuit, a system with no previous examination in the literature. An analytical solution is developed for the system using the perturbation method of multiple scales, and validated through direct numerical integration. The resulting linear and nonlinear band structures are used for parametric analysis of the system, focusing on the effect of resonator and shunt circuit parameters on band gap formation and vibration attenuation. This band structure analysis informs further study of the system through wavepacket excitation as well as spectro-spatial analysis. The voltage response of the system is studied through spatial profiles and spectrograms to observe the effects of shunt inductance, nonlinearity and their interactions. Results describe the impact of adding a shunted inductor, including significant changes to the band structure; multiple methods of tuning band gaps and pass bands of the system; and changes to wave propagation and voltage response. The results demonstrate the flexibility of the proposed metamaterial and its potential for both vibration control and energy harvesting, specifically compared to a previously studied system with resistance-only shunt.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140255814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improved Numerical Approach for Bagley-torvik Equation Using Fractional Integral Formula and Adams-moulton Method","authors":"Yonghyeon Jeon, Sunyoung Bu","doi":"10.1115/1.4065012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, we introduce a numerical technique for solving Bagley-Torvik equations which plays an outstanding role in fractional calculus. To handle the derivatives and fractional integral in the Bagley-Torvik equations, the Laplace transform is employed to convert the equations to fractional integration equations. The resulting integral equations are solved by implicit Adams-Moulton methods. Moreover, we show the analytic convergence order of the proposed technique through the convergence analysis, and the analysis is validated by the numerical experiments. Illustrative experiments also demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed method by comparing it with other existing methods.","PeriodicalId":54858,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}