{"title":"Does orthognathic surgery affect sleep quality? Evaluation of the effects of orthognathic surgery on subjective and objective OSA parameters in skeletal class III patients","authors":"Wichuda Kongsong , Sunisa Rochanavibhata , Chidsanu Changsiripun , Phonkit Sinpitaksakul , Naricha Chirakalwasan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>This study aimed to assess the impact of orthognathic surgery on both subjective and objective </span>obstructive sleep apnea<span> (OSA) parameters and sleep quality in patients with skeletal class III. An upper airway evaluation was conducted using cone-beam computed tomography. Sleep quality was evaluated subjectively and objectively using the screening OSA questionnaires, the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire, and sleep study testing. Data were collected from 23 patients at three time points: within 1 month before surgery (T0), within 1 month after surgery (T1), and 6 months after surgery (T2). Overall, there was a significant decrease in airway volume and minimal cross-sectional area at T1 and T2. Although there was partial recovery of these parameters at T2, they were not fully restored. No changes in subjective parameters were observed. Objective parameters showed significant increases in total apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and obstructive AHI (ObsAHI) at T1. However, by T2, these values had decreased and were not significantly different from T0. Multivariable linear regression analysis found no associated variables for the change in ObsAHI. These findings suggest that while orthognathic surgery may initially impact upper airway morphology and objective sleep quality, some recovery and adaptation occur over time, though not to pre-surgery levels.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1422-1430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep learning for orbital fracture detection and reconstruction: A systematic review on diagnostic accuracy and surgical planning","authors":"Tania Camila Niño-Sandoval , Fabrício Souza Landim , Belmiro C.E. Vasconcelos","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><span>To systematically review the efficacy of deep learning (DL) models in detecting and reconstructing orbital fractures based on </span>computed tomography (CT) imaging, assessing their diagnostic accuracy, processing time, and role in surgical planning.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div><span>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, </span>Embase, Web of Science, Wiley, Cochrane, and additional sources. Five studies met the inclusion criteria. Performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), and Intersection over Union (IoU).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Deep learning models, particularly U-Net, GAN-based approaches, and SPAK-guided architectures, demonstrated high accuracy in fracture detection and reconstruction. DenseNet achieved the best fracture identification performance (AUC = 0.99). SPAK-based models improved reconstruction precision, reducing geometric errors. Automated segmentation reduced processing time from 25 min to less than 5 min per case, and GAN-based models optimized surgical planning, lowering it to 1.5 min.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Deep learning enhances orbital fracture diagnosis and reconstruction accuracy, significantly reducing segmentation and planning time. However, further comparative studies are needed to standardize methodologies and validate clinical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1501-1510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Rostamzad , X. Liu , E.B. Wolvius , M.M. Pleumeekers , G. Roshchupkin , T. Abdel-Alim
{"title":"Facial asymmetry in syndromic craniosynostosis patients undergoing midface surgery compared to a large general population","authors":"P. Rostamzad , X. Liu , E.B. Wolvius , M.M. Pleumeekers , G. Roshchupkin , T. Abdel-Alim","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.04.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.04.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to assess mean facial asymmetry (MFA) before and after midface surgery (Le Fort III, monobloc, or facial bipartition) in syndromic craniosynostosis patients and compare it to the general population. This retrospective study included 55 patients (22 Apert, 23 Crouzon, 10 craniofrontonasal dysplasia (CFNS)) with a mean age of 11.5 ± 5.5 at midface surgery, and 2304 general children from the Generation R study (ages 9 and 13 years). An automated algorithm quantified MFA from three-dimensional (3D) meshes created from preoperative CT-scans, registered to the postoperative scans, and from 3D images in the control population, generating a MFA value in millimeters to reflect the degree of asymmetry. Preoperative MFA was 2–2.5 times higher in patients than in controls, with the highest values in Apert (1.18 ± 0.36 mm), followed by CFNS (1.12 ± 0.48 mm), Crouzon (1.02 ± 0.50 mm), and controls (0.45 ± 0.10 mm at age 9 years and 0.47 ± 0.10 mm at age 13 years). Postoperatively, MFA increased in 32 patients (58.2 %) and decreased in 23 (41.2 %). MFA was higher in the study population, especially in Apert syndrome, with variability across syndromes and surgical groups. An automated framework for 3D MFA analysis was presented, aiding objective studies and understanding of facial asymmetry changes in syndromic craniosynostosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1407-1416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyi Zhao , Meiyu Ding , Drissa Diarra , Simin Ouyang , Hao Lin , Renbin Zhou , Bang Zeng , Lei Ma , Bing Liu , Tianfu Wu
{"title":"Iliac crest free flap versus fibula free flap for mandibular reconstruction: Cost-effectiveness analysis in a Chinese population","authors":"Xinyi Zhao , Meiyu Ding , Drissa Diarra , Simin Ouyang , Hao Lin , Renbin Zhou , Bang Zeng , Lei Ma , Bing Liu , Tianfu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mandibular reconstruction<span> is vital in oral and maxillofacial surgery to restore aesthetics and function after tumor resection or trauma. The iliac crest-free flap (ICFF) and fibula-free flap (FFF) are widely used, but their cost-effectiveness and impact on quality of life (QoL) are debated. A retrospective study of 142 patients (2012–2018) compared ICFF and FFF, analyzing direct costs (surgical, medication, hospitalization) and indirect costs (surgery duration, hospital stay). QoL was assessed using the UW-QOL questionnaire, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were calculated. ICFF patients had shorter surgery times (370.47 ± 10.02 vs. 481.59 ± 115.77 min, P < 0.01) and lower hospitalization costs ($11,992.77 ± 2130.24vs.$14,294.74 ± 2976.95, P < 0.001). ICFF showed better QoL in appearance and emotional domains, while FFF performed slightly better in salivary function and swallowing. ICER analysis confirmed ICFF as more cost-effective, with superior QoL outcomes. ICFF is ideal for younger patients with moderate defects, offering shorter stays and improved mood-related QoL, whereas FFF is preferred for large defects. Tailored decisions based on defect type, age, and expected outcomes can optimize satisfaction and resource use.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1399-1406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xi Zhou , Yu-Xiong Su , Sheng Zhang , Ning Ken , Zhao-Jian Gong , Han-Jiang Wu
{"title":"Process of radical resection for advanced buccal cancer and the ‘sandwich’ technique for craniomaxillofacial defect repair using an anterolateral thigh chimeric myocutaneous flap","authors":"Xi Zhou , Yu-Xiong Su , Sheng Zhang , Ning Ken , Zhao-Jian Gong , Han-Jiang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Thorough radical surgery improves the survival rate of patients with advanced buccal cancer, and proper restoration can reduce complications and improve quality of life<span>. To meet tissue the requirements of the recipient area, we proposed a modified ‘sandwich’ technique, using an anterolateral thigh (ALT) chimeric myocutaneous flap. In total, 120 patients were randomly divided into two groups of 60, treated using either the ‘sandwich’ technique or the conventional method. Perioperative recovery was recorded postoperatively. Additionally, postoperative function, appearance, and quality of life were regularly evaluated during the postoperative follow-up. The 5-year overall survival rates were 58.33 % and 53.33 % in the ‘sandwich’ and conventional groups, respectively (</span></span><em>p</em><span><span> = 0.50). The ‘sandwich’ technique was superior to the conventional method in terms of postoperative complications, including wound infection, prolonged wound healing time, titanium plate exposure, </span>reoperation<span>, and postoperative function, including degree of mouth opening, oral alimentation interval, decannulation, appearance, and postoperative quality of life (all </span></span><em>p</em> < 0.01). No significant difference was observed in lower extremity function between the two groups (<em>p</em> = 0.48). The rational application of the ‘sandwich’ technique using the ALT chimeric musculocutaneous flap is advantageous because of the characteristics of the various tissues — it is practical, economical, and effective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1356-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andreas Sakkas , Johannes Schulze , Frank Wilde , Tobias Daut , Marcel Ebeling , Robin Kasper , Alexander Schramm , Mario Scheurer
{"title":"A new method of transoral endoscopic-assisted treatment for mandibular subcondylar fractures using a template-guided patient-specific osteosynthesis implant: the Ulm protocol","authors":"Andreas Sakkas , Johannes Schulze , Frank Wilde , Tobias Daut , Marcel Ebeling , Robin Kasper , Alexander Schramm , Mario Scheurer","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intraoral subcondylar fracture repair still remains one of the most controversial and discussed topics in the field of maxillofacial trauma. Despite transoral endoscopic-assisted reduction and internal fixation has attracted wide attention, the surgical approach still is technically challenging and specialised instruments are mandatory. Trauma surgeons need to go through a shallow learning curve in order to achieve suitable and predictable surgical results comparable to the standard extraoral approaches.</div><div>In our clinic the transoral endoscopic-assisted approach without the use of transbuccal trocars for reduction and osteosynthesis of non comminuted subcondylar fractures has been exclusively practising for more than 17 years. The current work presents a novel concept for surgical treatment of subcondylar fractures, namely the preoperatively CAD/CAM planned, template-guided, patient-specific osteosynthesis to facilitate precise and effective outcome. At first step, a preoperative 1 mm-layer CT imaging is used for the segmentation and virtual 3D reduction of the dislocated condyle fragment. At second step, CAD/CAM techniques are applied for manufacturing of a patient-specific osteosynthesis implant (PSOI) according the “backward planning” concept with the “one-fit-only” design at the condylar fragment and patient-specific surgical guide for positioning at the ascending ramus to replace the conventional osteosynthesis miniplates in the trajectory area of the ascending ramus according to established osteosynthesis principles. The patient- and fracture-morphologically individualized implant design allows the development of a reliable workflow to ensure maximum surgical precision and predictability of the anatomical and functional outcome combined with possible shortening of operation duration and reduction of perioperative complications. Hereby, the technically demanding fracture treatment can be significantly simplified by using a patient-specific reduction and osteosynthesis tool.</div><div>This workflow was shown to be applied predictably and accurately in a clinical setting. The patient- and fracture-morphologically individualized “one-fit-only” implant design could allow the development of a reliable workflow to ensure maximal surgical precision intraoperatively. We consider this novel method of template-guided, patient-specific osteosynthesis of subcondylar fractures combined with modern CAD/CAM technology as evolution for the transoral endoscopic-assisted approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1385-1398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matteo Alicandri-Ciufelli , Carla Cantaffa , Francesco Maccarrone , Alfredo Lo Manto , Paolo Russo , Matteo Gibertini , Federico Salvatore Giordano , Nicola Amato , Mattia Di Bartolomeo , Alexandre Anesi , Francesco Mattioli , Daniele Marchioni , Livio Presutti , Giulia Molinari
{"title":"Influence of parotidectomy extent on complications after benign parotid surgery","authors":"Matteo Alicandri-Ciufelli , Carla Cantaffa , Francesco Maccarrone , Alfredo Lo Manto , Paolo Russo , Matteo Gibertini , Federico Salvatore Giordano , Nicola Amato , Mattia Di Bartolomeo , Alexandre Anesi , Francesco Mattioli , Daniele Marchioni , Livio Presutti , Giulia Molinari","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to assess how the extent of parenchymal removal impacts on postoperative complications after benign parotid surgery.</div><div>A multicentric retrospective study on parotidectomies for benign lesions performed between 2014 and 2020 was carried out. Demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical details, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.</div><div>In total, 591 patients were included. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that partial superficial parotidectomy (PSP) was associated with a lower risk of postoperative facial nerve (FN) palsy, great auricular nerve (GAN) hypoanesthesia, and Frey syndrome (FS) than superficial parotidectomy (SP), irrespective of tumor size. Extracapsular dissection (ECD) was found to be protective for FS compared with SP, irrespective of tumor size. ECD was associated with a higher risk of FN palsy and GAN hypoanesthesia than PSP.</div><div>Minimally invasive parotidectomy procedures, such as ECD and PSP, are associated with similar or even decreased rates of postoperative complications when compared with more traditional procedures, such as SP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1379-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenxinzi Lin , Mingjuan Li , Jingyuan Zhang , Siyuan Wang , Chongjie Zhu , Qilong Wan
{"title":"Influence of different lingual split patterns on skeletal stability after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion","authors":"Chenxinzi Lin , Mingjuan Li , Jingyuan Zhang , Siyuan Wang , Chongjie Zhu , Qilong Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>This retrospective cohort study investigated the influence of differences in the pattern of lingual split on skeletal stability after bilateral sagittal split </span>osteotomy<span><span> (BSSO) in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion. The study sample comprised patients who underwent double surgery between November 2016 and December 2024 and presented with the same type of postoperative bilateral lingual split fracture, classified according to the Lingual Split Scale (LSS). Lateral </span>cephalograms were evaluated at three-time points: preoperative (T0), one week postoperative (T1), and six months postoperative (T2). Analyses of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square (χ</span></span><sup>2</sup><span><span>) tests were employed to compare skeletal stability among the groups. The study included 159 patients, with 88 (55.35 %) in the LSS1 group, 43 (27.04 %) in the LSS2 group, and 28 (17.61 %) in the LSS3 group. Postoperative analysis revealed a counterclockwise relapse of the mandible. The </span>maxilla showed good skeletal stability after BSSO, while the LSS2 group presented more severe forward mandibular relapse than the LSS1 and LSS3 groups (</span><em>P</em> = 0.011). Notably, the Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) increased more significantly in the LSS2 group postoperatively (<em>P</em> = 0.003). Significant intergroup differences were observed regarding the influence of different lingual split patterns on skeletal stability after BSSO in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusions. Notably, the LSS2 group exhibited a more severe relapse compared to both the LSS1 and LSS3 groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1365-1370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Lázaro-Abdulkarim , A. Valls-Ontañón , A. Puigdollers-Pérez , N. Clusellas-Barrionuevo , M. Giralt-Hernando , F. Hernández-Alfaro
{"title":"Transpalatal vs anterior approach for pterygomaxillary disjunction in the context of surgically assisted MARPE: CBCT assessment","authors":"A. Lázaro-Abdulkarim , A. Valls-Ontañón , A. Puigdollers-Pérez , N. Clusellas-Barrionuevo , M. Giralt-Hernando , F. Hernández-Alfaro","doi":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcms.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>This study aimed to evaluate the effects on skeletal, dentoalveolar, and craniomaxillofacial sutures, and on upper airway changes, of performing minimally invasive surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) with pterygomaxillary disjunction through an anterior approach, or using a combination of anterior and transpalatal pterygomaxillary </span>osteotomy<span><span> (TPMO) in maxillary expansion procedures. Pre- and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were obtained for each patient. Fifty patients were included: 25 in the control group (minimally invasive twist technique) and 25 in the test group (minimally invasive twist technique combined with TPMO). Both groups showed statistically significant maxillary expansion, with the test group exhibiting a greater anterior maxillary increase (5.60 mm versus 4.10 mm). Both groups experienced an increase in nasal cavity width, upper airway area, and pterygomaxillary disjunction. Buccal tooth inclination and increased palatal bone thickness were present in both groups. The frontonasal suture and zygomatic bone width remained equally stable. The results of study indicate that pterygomaxillary disjunction guarantees posterior palatal expansion, whilst other craniomaxillofacial sutures are not affected. However, transpalatal pterygomaxillary osteotomy allows a more precise split of the pterygoid suture, facilitates down-fracture of the </span>maxilla, and ultimately decreases associated morbidity.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery","volume":"53 9","pages":"Pages 1371-1378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}