{"title":"Transverse Vibration of Geared-Rotor Integrated With Active Magnetic Bearings in Identification of Multiple Faults","authors":"Gargi Majumder, R. Tiwari","doi":"10.1115/1.4050506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4050506","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents a novel concept of the modeling, active control of transverse vibration responses, and identification of fault parameters in a geared-rotor system integrated with active magnetic bearings (AMBs). The sources of error in gears while in the operation are the gear mesh deformation, transmission error, and runout, resulting in dynamic forces, excessive vibration, and noise. To avoid any undesirable effect on the gear-pair and other supporting structures, it is essential to investigate these forced vibrations in time and frequency domain. Hence, an approach to monitor and control the transverse vibration of mating gears is presented with the help of AMBs. The AMBs are capable of suppressing the vibration of the system (transients as well as steady-state) by controlled electromagnetic forces considering the rotor vibrational displacement with a closed-loop feedback system. A mathematical model has been developed with geared rotor faults, like the mesh deformation, gear run-out, and asymmetric transmission error. The transmission error has been modeled as the sum of mean and varying components of error in two orthogonal transverse directions. Based on the mathematical model, an identification algorithm has been developed. Considering full spectrum analysis of the rotor vibration and AMB current information, estimation of system parameters, i.e., the equivalent mesh stiffness, mesh damping, gear runouts, the mean and varying transmission error magnitude and phase angles, and the current and displacement constants of AMBs has been performed. Gaussian noise in responses and modeling errors in mathematical models have been added to test the robustness of the proposed algorithm to comply with the experimental settings.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79899868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Optimal Control Approach for Consensus of General Linear Time-Invariant Multi-Agent Systems","authors":"Poorya Shobeiry, M. Xin","doi":"10.1115/1.4050505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4050505","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, the consensus problem for general linear time-invariant (LTI) multi-agent systems (MASs) with a single input is studied in a new optimal control framework. The optimal cooperative control law is designed from a modified linear quadratic regulator (LQR) method and an inverse optimal control formulation. Three cost function terms are constructed to address the consensus, control effort, and cooperative tracking, respectively. Three distinct features of this approach can be achieved. First, the optimal feedback control law is derived analytically without involving any numerical solution. Second, this formulation guarantees both asymptotic stability and optimality. Third, the cooperative control law is distributed and only requires local information based on the communication topology to enable the agents to achieve consensus and track a desired trajectory. The performance of this optimal cooperative control method is demonstrated through an example of attitude synchronization of multiple satellites.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81234252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fuzzy Fault Tolerant Control of a Bacterial Growth Process Using a Multiple Lyapunov Function","authors":"Abdelmounaim Khallouq, A. Karama, Mohamed Abyad","doi":"10.1115/1.4048485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4048485","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents the problem of actuator fault estimation and fault-tolerant control (FTC) of a biological process using Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy formulation. The goal is to ensure the desired outputs tracking even if the time-varying actuator faults occur. We propose to use a proportional multi-integral (PMI) observer to estimate both the time-varying actuator faults and the state of system. The reconstructed faults are used to reconfigure the nominal controller. As a nominal control, we use a fuzzy linear quadratic integral (LQI) law. To ensure the global asymptotic convergence of the PMI observer and to improve the compensation speed of faults, we propose to use the multiple Lyapunov function by introducing a convergence rate. Sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are developed. The obtained results show that, the proposed approach is successfully applied to the problem of actuator fault-tolerant control of a bacterial growth process.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73768728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Earnhardt, Ben Groelke, John Borek, M. Naghnaeian, C. Vermillion
{"title":"A Multirate, Multiscale Economic Model Predictive Control Approach for Velocity Trajectory Optimization of a Heavy Duty Truck","authors":"Christian Earnhardt, Ben Groelke, John Borek, M. Naghnaeian, C. Vermillion","doi":"10.1115/1.4048658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4048658","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper introduces a hierarchical economic model predictive control (MPC) approach for maximizing the fuel economy of a heavy-duty truck, which simultaneously accounts for aggregate terrain changes that occur over very long length scales, fine terrain changes that occur over shorter length scales, and lead vehicle behavior that can vary over much shorter time/length scales. To accommodate such disparate time and length scales, the proposed approach uses a multilayer MPC approach wherein the upper-level MPC uses a long distance step, a long time-step, and coarse discretization to account for the slower changes in road grade, while the lower-level MPC uses a shorter time-step to account for fine variations in road grade and rapidly changing lead vehicle behavior. The benefit of this multirate, multiscale approach is that the lower-level MPC leverages the upper-level's sufficiently long look-ahead while allowing for safe vehicle following and adjustment to fine road grade variations. The proposed strategy has been evaluated over four real-world road profiles in both open-highway and traffic environments, using a medium-fidelity simulink model furnished by Volvo Group North America. Compared with a conventional cruise control system plus vehicle following controller as a baseline, results show 4–5% fuel savings in an open highway setting and 6–8% fuel savings in the presence of traffic, without compromising trip time.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80374880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Yazji, A. Keow, Hamza Zaidi, Luke Thomas Torres, C. Leroy, Zheng Chen
{"title":"Buoyancy Control Device Enabled by Reversible Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells for Fine Depth Control","authors":"J. Yazji, A. Keow, Hamza Zaidi, Luke Thomas Torres, C. Leroy, Zheng Chen","doi":"10.1115/1.4048778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4048778","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Fine buoyancy control is essential for underwater robots to maintain neutral buoyancy despite dynamic changes in environmental conditions. This paper introduces a novel buoyancy control system that uses reversible fuel cells (RFC) as a mass-to-volume engine to change the underwater robots' buoyancy. The RFC uses both the water electrolysis process and fuel cell reaction to produce and consume gases in a flexible bladder for volume change. Unlike conventional actuators such as motors and pistons used in buoyancy control, this mechanism is silent, compact, and energy-efficient. A dynamic model that described the dynamics of the RFC-enabled buoyancy change is presented. Then, a proportional-derivative (PD) controller is designed to position the device at any depth underwater. A prototype device is built to validate the dynamic model and the performance of the feedback controller. Experimental results demonstrate a fine depth control performance with 4 cm accuracy and 90 s settling time. The compact buoyancy design is readily integrable with small underwater robots for fine depth change allowing the robots to save actuation energy.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73323150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive Global Stability of Nonlinear Pure-Feedback Systems With Unknown Time-Varying Delays","authors":"Jun Guo, Yao Wang, Y. Bo","doi":"10.1115/1.4048587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4048587","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper investigates the backstepping control problem for nonlinear pure-feedback systems with time-varying delays. A virtual controller is designed to counteract the effects caused by the state perturbation of time delay, and improve the stability of the system. The assumption on delay-dependent nonlinearities is further relaxed by a backstepping auxiliary controller and a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. A suitable coordinate transformation is introduced to reduce the complexity of computation caused by nonaffine structures. The globally uniform boundedness of the closed-loop signals and the asymptotical stability of the state are proved by Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theory. Finally, the effectiveness of our method is demonstrated by two illustrations.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79352511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Model-Free Controller Designs for a Magnetic Micromanipulator","authors":"G. Ablay","doi":"10.1115/1.4048489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4048489","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An optimal model-free controller and a linear controller are designed and applied to a horizontal magnetic micromanipulator for controlling microparticles in a liquid environment. An input–output relation based model for the magnetic micromanipulator is obtained, verified, and used in the analysis of controllers. A model-free linear controller is designed using the offset current approach. An optimal nonlinear controller based on Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions is designed and then modified to produce smooth control signals. Experimental results are provided to show the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed controllers. The model-free controllers yield short settling time and zero steady-state error in the control of magnetic microparticles.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82778592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated Load-Split Scheme for Hybrid Ship Propulsion Considering Transient Propeller Load and Environmental Disturbance","authors":"Nikolaos Planakis, G. Papalambrou, N. Kyrtatos","doi":"10.1115/1.4048588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4048588","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This work addresses the design and experimental implementation in real-time of an integrated predictive load-split management system for the transient and fluctuating propeller load sharing. Control-oriented modeling of the power system was performed based on experimental data gathered from the hybrid plant and on first principles for the diesel engine behavior and battery charging. Propulsion plant and environmental disturbance models are developed to simulate realistic marine load application. A nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) scheme is proposed for the optimal transient power-split problem of a hybrid diesel-electric marine propulsion plant. The NMPC scheme directly controls the torque output of the diesel engine and the electric motor/generator ensuring that certain constraints concerning the system overloading are met, avoiding fast accelerations and load fluctuations of the diesel engine that affect engine performance. To achieve offset-free model predictive control (MPC) control, an observer is developed to provide the propeller law parameter to the NMPC for load estimation. The control system was experimentally tested in real-time operation. Results showed that controller rejected load disturbances and maintained the desired rotational speed of the powertrain as well as the desirable state of charge (SOC) in battery within the power plant limits, achieving smooth power transitions and mitigation of power fluctuations of the diesel engine.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79198880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simplified Realization of Zero Phase Error Tracking","authors":"M. Tomizuka, Liting Sun","doi":"10.1115/1.4049391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4049391","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Zero phase error tracking (ZPET) control has gained popularity as a simple yet effective feedforward control method for tracking time varying desired trajectories by the plant output of a continuous time transfer function of relative order greater than or equal to two. In this paper, we will note that the sampling zeros of the zero-order hold equivalent of chain of integrators, 1/sn, are configured for natural realization of zero phase error tracking. This property is exploited to realize a simplified realization of zero phase error tracking control for chain of integrators. The property can also be utilized for general transfer functions when the sampling period for digital control is small. The effectiveness of the proposed approach for general transfer functions is demonstrated by simulations.","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82468247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonlinear Feedback Control of the Inductrack System Based on a Transient Model","authors":"Ruiyang Wang, Bingen Yang, Hao Gao","doi":"10.1115/1.4050257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4050257","url":null,"abstract":"As a new strategy for magnetic levitation envisioned in the 1990s, the Inductrack system with Halbach arrays of permanent magnets has been intensively researched. The previous investigations discovered that an uncontrolled Inductrack system may be unstable even if the vehicle travels well below its operating speed and that instability can be persistent near and beyond the operating speed. It is therefore necessary to stabilize the system for safety and reliability. With strong nonlinearities and complicated electromagneto-mechanical coupling, however, the transient response of such a dynamic system is difficult to predict with fidelity. Because of this, model-based feedback control of Inductrack systems has not been well addressed. In this paper, by taking advantage of a recently available two degrees-of-freedom transient model, a new feedback control method for Inductrack systems is proposed. In the control system development, active Halbach arrays are used as an actuator, and a feedback control law, which combines a properly tuned proportional-integral-derivative controller and a nonlinear force-current mapping function, is created. The proposed control law is validated in numerical examples, where the transient motion of an Inductrack vehicle traveling at constant speeds is considered. As shown in the simulation, the control law efficiently stabilizes the Inductrack system in a wide range of operating speed, and in the meantime, it renders a smooth system output (real-time levitation gap) with fast convergence to any prescribed reference step input (desired levitation gap).","PeriodicalId":54846,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control-Transactions of the Asme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78069249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}