Journal of Ethnobiology最新文献_第9页

Adaptive Management Strategies of Local Communities in Two Amazonian Floodplain Ecosystems in the Face of Extreme Climate Events 极端气候事件下两个亚马逊漫滩生态系统群落的适应性管理策略

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.3.409

Julia Vieira da Cunha Ávila, C. Clement, A. B. Junqueira, T. Ticktin, A. Steward

{"title":"Adaptive Management Strategies of Local Communities in Two Amazonian Floodplain Ecosystems in the Face of Extreme Climate Events","authors":"Julia Vieira da Cunha Ávila, C. Clement, A. B. Junqueira, T. Ticktin, A. Steward","doi":"10.2993/0278-0771-41.3.409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-41.3.409","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In Amazonia, changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events are occurring and expected to intensify, affecting food security with subsequent social and political problems. We conducted semi-structured interviews in communities of the mid-Solimões River basin (Amazonas, Brazil). Our questions were designed to construct seasonal calendars with residents (ribeirinhos) to understand climatic patterns and changes in livelihood activities, how traditional management is affected by extreme floods and droughts, and to identify their adaptation strategies in new climatic contexts. We studied three floodplain (várzea, n = 59 households) and three paleo-floodplain communities, situated 1–3 m higher than the floodplain (paleovárzea, n = 42 households). We show that these local communities have detailed knowledge of climate patterns and changes, and that they recognize that climatic unpredictability hinders effective planning of subsistence activities because their local knowledge is no longer fully reliable. Extreme climate events have consequences for their farming systems and associated agrobiodiversity, varying according to the degree of exposure of different environments to extreme events. During extreme events, ribeirinhos intensify adaptation strategies, such as avoiding stress to fruit-tree root systems, prioritizing plants that survive flooding, and working in less affected landscapes. Adaptation practices with long histories tend to occur more often in floodplains, and two adaptation practices were specific to floodplains. The impacts of extreme events on local communities are expected to increase, especially in environments more exposed to floods. Local residents suggest the documentation and sharing of adaptation strategies as a way to increase their resilience.","PeriodicalId":54838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnobiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"409 - 426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44449411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

“Weaving” Different Knowledge Systems through Studying Salience of Wild Animals in a Dryland Area of Argentina 通过研究阿根廷干旱地区野生动物的突出性“编织”不同的知识体系

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.292

C. Campos, M. Moreno, F. Cappa, Y. Ontiveros, M. Cona, M. Torres

{"title":"“Weaving” Different Knowledge Systems through Studying Salience of Wild Animals in a Dryland Area of Argentina","authors":"C. Campos, M. Moreno, F. Cappa, Y. Ontiveros, M. Cona, M. Torres","doi":"10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.292","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The current biodiversity conservation framework explores “nature-people” relationships, recognizing culture's central role. This study aimed to combine local knowledge with scientific ecological data to better understand the relationships between wild animals and local people. We worked in a village (Los Baldecitos) located in the area of influence of Ischigualasto Provincial Park (San Juan, Argentina). We conducted 20 free listing interviews and 12 semi-structured and open ones. We analyzed how the overall salience of different species (established through free listing and cognitive salience index) can be explained by ecological (measured through species occupancy models) and cultural (expressed in interviews) aspects of salience. The cognitive salience index and estimated animal occupancy showed a positive correlation, although it was not statistically significant (Spearman's Rho = 0.48, P = 0.095, N = 17). This could mean that cultural aspects (faunal uses, perception related to attitudes and to nature conservation) were relevant in explaining overall salience. Ten species had the highest and most statistically significant salience and were recorded by camera traps. Some of them share spaces with people (village, water points, corrals, and domestic animal areas), and others were less likely to share habitats where people are present. Wild species have cultural value related to uses and acceptance due to material (tangible benefits, ecological functions) and non-material (affectionate, emotional, aesthetic, presence in oral expression) values. Two carnivores elicited negative reactions because of their predatory damage to domestic animals. This study demonstrates methods to interweave local and scientific knowledge to understand people-nature relationships in context.","PeriodicalId":54838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnobiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"292 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41463497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Many Lives of a Shamanic Chondur: Using Cyperus articulates in Yagé Shamanism of Southern Colombia 萨满Chondur的许多生命：在哥伦比亚南部的Yagé萨满教中使用柏树

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.263

Hernando Echeverri-Sanchez

引用次数: 0

Human Food Dynamics in Highly Seasonal Ecosystems: A Case Study of Plant-Eating in Riverine Communities in Central Amazon 高季节性生态系统中的人类食物动力学——以亚马逊中部河流群落的植物食性为例

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.247

Clara de Carvalho Machado, Eduardo Magalhães Borges Prata, V. Kinupp

{"title":"Human Food Dynamics in Highly Seasonal Ecosystems: A Case Study of Plant-Eating in Riverine Communities in Central Amazon","authors":"Clara de Carvalho Machado, Eduardo Magalhães Borges Prata, V. Kinupp","doi":"10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.247","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Food habit studies in the Amazon emphasize the consumption of fish and manioc (Manihot esculenta) flour as basic diet in different ethnic groups, while little is known about human plant-related diet dynamics during the hydrological regime. In a scenario of food transition in rural Amazonia, with insertion of industrialized items in the diet, traditional food and consumption of regional products have undergone transformations, affecting the autonomy and lifestyle of traditional populations. Considering this, the objectives of the current case study were: (1) to contextualize plant-related eating habits in five Riverine communities on the Lower Purus River and (2) to characterize the dietary dynamics of plant eating according to the hydrological regime, considering the provenance of food items. We conducted interviews and sample collection in both low- and high-water seasons. We calculated species richness and diversity per meal and season and used multivariate analysis to access differences in plant consumption between seasons. The greatest richness and diversity of plants is consumed in the flooding season and mainly as snacks, the meal most susceptible to being replaced by industrialized foods. Despite a significant difference in diet between seasons, the basic array of plants consumed is similar in both seasons, with availability topped up by external purchases. This tendency deserves attention and action from public policies aimed at providing food security in the region.","PeriodicalId":54838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnobiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"247 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44818158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nuaulu Use and Management of Culturally Salient Polymorphisms in Codiaeum variegatum: Explaining the Biocultural Dimensions of Leaf Variegation in a Southeast Asian Ornamental 黄花蒿文化显著多态性的利用和管理:解释东南亚观赏植物叶片杂交种的生物栽培维度

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.229

R. Ellen

引用次数: 1

Bills of Fare, Consumer Demand, Social Status, Ethnicity, and the Collapse of California Abalone 票价、消费者需求、社会地位、种族和加州鲍鱼的崩溃

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.277

T. Braje, L. Bentz

引用次数: 1

Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge to Understand the Diversity and Abundance of Culturally Important Trees 利用传统生态知识认识重要文化树种的多样性和丰富性

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.209

J. Benner, J. Nielsen, Ken Lertzman

{"title":"Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge to Understand the Diversity and Abundance of Culturally Important Trees","authors":"J. Benner, J. Nielsen, Ken Lertzman","doi":"10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.209","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Combining Indigenous traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) with scientific research holds promise for more effectively meeting community objectives for the conservation of cultural forest resources. Our study focuses on predicting the abundance of western redcedar trees (Thuja plicata) within the traditional territories of five Indigenous Nations that are part of the Nnwaolas Council in British Columbia, Canada. Indigenous people in this region use western redcedar extensively for cultural practices, such as carving dugout canoes, totem poles, and traditional buildings. However, after more than a century of industrial logging, the abundance of redcedar suitable for these types of practices is in decline and no longer reflects past baseline conditions. We assess how using TEK from interviews with Indigenous carvers refines predictions of resource abundance compared to using only conventional field surveys. Our findings reveal that western redcedar trees suitable for traditional carving are generally rare, and that some important growth forms, such as those associated with carving community canoes, are nearly extirpated from the landscape. We demonstrate a useful application of TEK in conservation planning and highlight concerns about the impact of industrial forestry on culturally important trees.","PeriodicalId":54838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnobiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"209 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42772874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Ethnobiology Phase VI: Decolonizing Institutions, Projects, and Scholarship 民族生物学第六阶段:非殖民化机构、项目和奖学金

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.170

A. McAlvay, C. Armstrong, J. Baker, Linda Black Elk, Samantha Bosco, N. Hanazaki, Leigh Joseph, T. Martínez-Cruz, M. Nesbitt, M. A. Palmer, Walderes Cocta Priprá de Almeida, Jane Anderson, Zemede Asfaw Z. Asfaw, I. Borokini, Eréndira Juanita Cano-Contreras, Simon Hoyte, M. Hudson, A. Ladio, G. Odonne, Sonia Peter, J. Rashford, Jeffrey Wall, Steve Wolverton, I. Vandebroek

{"title":"Ethnobiology Phase VI: Decolonizing Institutions, Projects, and Scholarship","authors":"A. McAlvay, C. Armstrong, J. Baker, Linda Black Elk, Samantha Bosco, N. Hanazaki, Leigh Joseph, T. Martínez-Cruz, M. Nesbitt, M. A. Palmer, Walderes Cocta Priprá de Almeida, Jane Anderson, Zemede Asfaw Z. Asfaw, I. Borokini, Eréndira Juanita Cano-Contreras, Simon Hoyte, M. Hudson, A. Ladio, G. Odonne, Sonia Peter, J. Rashford, Jeffrey Wall, Steve Wolverton, I. Vandebroek","doi":"10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.170","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Ethnobiology, like many fields, was shaped by early Western imperial efforts to colonize people and lands around the world and extract natural resources. Those legacies and practices persist today and continue to influence the institutions ethnobiologists are a part of, how they carry out research, and their personal beliefs and actions. Various authors have previously outlined five overlapping “phases” of ethnobiology. Here, we argue that ethnobiology should move toward a sixth phase in which scholars and practitioners must actively challenge colonialism, racism, and oppressive structures embedded within their institutions, projects, and themselves. As an international group of ethnobiologists and scholars from allied fields, we identified key topics and priorities at three levels: at the institutional scale, we argue for repatriation/rematriation of biocultural heritage, accessibility of published work, and realignment of priorities to support community-driven research. At the level of projects, we emphasize the need for mutual dialogue, reciprocity, community research self-sufficiency, and research questions that support sovereignty of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities over lands and waters. Finally, for individual scholars, we support self-reflection on language use, co-authorship, and implicit bias. We advocate for concrete actions at each of these levels to move the field further toward social justice, antiracism, and decolonization.","PeriodicalId":54838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnobiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"170 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47802261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Negotiating the Futures of Nature and Cultures: Perspectives from Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities about the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework 谈判自然和文化的未来：土著人民和地方社区对2020年后全球生物多样性框架的看法

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.192

J. Cariño, M. F. Ferrari

{"title":"Negotiating the Futures of Nature and Cultures: Perspectives from Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities about the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework","authors":"J. Cariño, M. F. Ferrari","doi":"10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.192","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework is currently under negotiation under the auspices of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). This framework seeks to transform human-nature relationships towards its 2050 vision of “societies living in harmony with nature.” Global reports published to inform these negotiations include the second edition of Local Biodiversity Outlooks (LBO-2). In the context of ethnobiology, LBO-2 is particularly relevant because it features perspectives, experiences, and stories as told by Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IPLC) about the global biodiversity crisis. Based on these perspectives, LBO-2 identifies six areas in need of urgent transformation (i.e., in culture, land, food, economies, governance, and financial incentives), analyzing how these relate to ongoing negotiations of the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. In this article, we consider these transitions, as well as recommendations made by the International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity, and reveal critical weaknesses in the ways the Global Biodiversity Framework addresses the views and perspectives of IPLC. Such shortcomings include separation of nature and cultures in the framework's goals and targets, and failure to recognize and embed customary land tenure and territorial management as vital for biodiversity conservation, sustainable use, and benefit-sharing. We make a series of recommendations to mainstream and prioritize support for the rights and collective actions of IPLC throughout the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.","PeriodicalId":54838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnobiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"192 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43826949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Seeking a More Ethical Future for Ethnobiology Publishing: A 40-Year Perspective from Journal of ethnobiology 寻求民族生物学出版更具伦理性的未来:从民族生物学杂志40年的视角

IF 2.9 3区社会学

Journal of Ethnobiology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.122

D. Lepofsky, Cynthiann Heckelsmiller, Á. Fernández‐Llamazares, Jeffrey Wall

{"title":"Seeking a More Ethical Future for Ethnobiology Publishing: A 40-Year Perspective from Journal of ethnobiology","authors":"D. Lepofsky, Cynthiann Heckelsmiller, Á. Fernández‐Llamazares, Jeffrey Wall","doi":"10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-41.2.122","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The academic publishing world is rapidly changing. These changes are driven by and have implications for a range of intertwined ethical and financial considerations. In this essay, we situate Journal of Ethnobiology (JoE) in the discourse of ethical publishing, broadly, and in ethnobiology, specifically. We consider it an ethical imperative of JoE to promote the core values of the field of ethnobiology as a platform for scholarship that is both rigorous and socially just. We discuss here the many ways JoE addresses this imperative, including issues of diversity, accessibility, transparency, and how these efforts contribute to our ongoing relevance. We find that JoE has achieved high ethical standards and continues to raise the bar in our field. However, the growing incongruity between monetary solvency and best practices could threaten JoE's longevity unless we keep adapting to the changing landscape. Looking to the future, we encourage all ethnobiologists to participate in the ongoing process of improving ethics in publishing, including careful consideration of where to publish precious ethnobiological knowledge.","PeriodicalId":54838,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ethnobiology","volume":"41 1","pages":"122 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49225321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4