Journal of General Physiology最新文献

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Elucidating the clandestine behavior of enantiomeric DHPs in calcium channels. 阐明对映体DHPs在钙通道中的秘密行为。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313481
Nathaniel Smith, Han Sun
{"title":"Elucidating the clandestine behavior of enantiomeric DHPs in calcium channels.","authors":"Nathaniel Smith, Han Sun","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202313481","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202313481","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10570850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41220451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanisms of dihydropyridine agonists and antagonists in view of cryo-EM structures of calcium and sodium channels. 从钙和钠通道的冷冻电镜结构看二氢吡啶激动剂和拮抗剂的机制。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313418
Denis B Tikhonov, Boris S Zhorov
{"title":"Mechanisms of dihydropyridine agonists and antagonists in view of cryo-EM structures of calcium and sodium channels.","authors":"Denis B Tikhonov, Boris S Zhorov","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202313418","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202313418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Opposite effects of 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) agonists and antagonists on the L-type calcium channels are a challenging problem. Cryo-EM structures visualized DHPs between the pore-lining helices S6III and S6IV in agreement with published mutational data. However, the channel conformations in the presence of DHP agonists and antagonists are virtually the same, and the mechanisms of the ligands' action remain unclear. We docked the DHP agonist S-Bay k 8644 and antagonist R-Bay k 8644 in Cav1.1 channel models with or without π-bulges in helices S6III and S6IV. Cryo-EM structures of the DHP-bound Cav1.1 channel show a π-bulge in helix S6III but not in S6IV. The antagonist's hydrophobic group fits into the hydrophobic pocket formed by residues in S6IV. The agonists' polar NO2 group is too small to fill up the pocket. A water molecule could sterically fit into the void space, but its contacts with isoleucine in helix S6IV (motif INLF) would be unfavorable. In a model with π-bulged S6IV, this isoleucine turns away from the DHP molecule and its position is occupied by the asparagine from the same motif INLF. The asparagine provides favorable contacts for the water molecule at the agonist's NO2 group but unfavorable contacts for the antagonist's methoxy group. In our models, the DHP antagonist stabilizes entirely α-helical S6IV. In contrast, the DHP agonist stabilizes π-bulged helix S6IV whose C-terminal part turned and rearranged the activation-gate region. This would stabilize the open channel. Thus, agonists, but not antagonists, would promote channel opening by stabilizing π-bulged helix S6IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10510735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41142202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Localized cardiomyocyte lipid accumulation is associated with slowed epicardial conduction in rats. 大鼠心肌细胞局部脂质积聚与心外膜传导减慢有关。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213296
Simon P Wells, Antonia J A Raaijmakers, Claire L Curl, Christopher O'Shea, Sarah Hayes, Kimberley M Mellor, Jonathan M Kalman, Paulus Kirchhof, Davor Pavlovic, Lea M D Delbridge, James R Bell
{"title":"Localized cardiomyocyte lipid accumulation is associated with slowed epicardial conduction in rats.","authors":"Simon P Wells, Antonia J A Raaijmakers, Claire L Curl, Christopher O'Shea, Sarah Hayes, Kimberley M Mellor, Jonathan M Kalman, Paulus Kirchhof, Davor Pavlovic, Lea M D Delbridge, James R Bell","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202213296","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202213296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transmural action potential duration differences and transmural conduction gradients aid the synchronization of left ventricular repolarization, reducing vulnerability to transmural reentry and arrhythmias. A high-fat diet and the associated accumulation of pericardial adipose tissue are linked with conduction slowing and greater arrhythmia vulnerability. It is predicted that cardiac adiposity may more readily influence epicardial conduction (versus endocardial) and disrupt normal transmural activation/repolarization gradients. The aim of this investigation was to determine whether transmural conduction gradients are modified in a rat model of pericardial adiposity. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed control/high-fat diets for 15 wk. Left ventricular 300 µm tangential slices were generated from the endocardium to the epicardium, and conduction was mapped using microelectrode arrays. Slices were then histologically processed to assess fibrosis and cardiomyocyte lipid status. Conduction velocity was significantly greater in epicardial versus endocardial slices in control rats, supporting the concept of a transmural conduction gradient. High-fat diet feeding increased pericardial adiposity and abolished the transmural conduction gradient. Slowed epicardial conduction in epicardial slices strongly correlated with an increase in cardiomyocyte lipid content, but not fibrosis. The positive transmural conduction gradient reported here represents a physiological property of the ventricular activation sequence that likely protects against reentry. The absence of this gradient, secondary to conduction slowing and cardiomyocyte lipid accumulation, specifically in the epicardium, indicates a novel mechanism by which pericardial adiposity may exacerbate ventricular arrhythmias.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10547601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41160235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cardiomyocyte ryanodine receptor clusters expand and coalesce after application of isoproterenol. 应用异丙肾上腺素后,心肌细胞ryanodine受体簇扩张并结合。
IF 3.3 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213109
David R L Scriven, Anne Berit Johnsen, Parisa Asghari, Keng C Chou, Edwin D W Moore
{"title":"Cardiomyocyte ryanodine receptor clusters expand and coalesce after application of isoproterenol.","authors":"David R L Scriven, Anne Berit Johnsen, Parisa Asghari, Keng C Chou, Edwin D W Moore","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202213109","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202213109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Earlier work has shown that ventricular ryanodine receptors (RyR2) within a cluster rearrange on phosphorylation as well as with a number of other stimuli. Using dSTORM, we investigated the effects of 300 nmol/liter isoproterenol on RyR2 clusters. In rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, there was a symmetrical enlargement of RyR2 cluster areas, a decrease in the edge-to-edge nearest neighbor distance, and distribution changes that suggested movement to increase the cluster areas by coalescence. The surface area covered by the phosphorylated clusters was significantly greater than in the control cells, as was the cluster density. This latter change was accompanied by a decreased cluster fragmentation, implying that new tetramers were brought into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. We propose a possible mechanism to explain these changes. We also visualized individual RyR2 tetramers and confirmed our earlier electron-tomographic finding that the tetramers are in a disorganized but non-random array occupying about half of the cluster area. Multiclusters, cluster groups defined by the maximum distance between their members, were analyzed for various distances. At 100 nm, the areas occupied by the multiclusters just exceeded those of the single clusters, and more than half of the multiclusters had only a single subcluster that could initiate a spark. Phosphorylation increased the size of the multiclusters, markedly so for distances >100 nm. There was no relationship between the number of subclusters in a group and the area covered by it. We conclude that isoproterenol induces rapid, significant, changes in the molecular architecture of excitation-contraction coupling.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10513110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cooperative mechanisms underlie differences in myocardial contractile dynamics between large and small mammals. 协作机制是大型和小型哺乳动物心肌收缩动力学差异的基础。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213315
Jitandrakumar R Patel, Kayla J V Park, Aidan S Bradshaw, Tuan Phan, Daniel P Fitzsimons
{"title":"Cooperative mechanisms underlie differences in myocardial contractile dynamics between large and small mammals.","authors":"Jitandrakumar R Patel, Kayla J V Park, Aidan S Bradshaw, Tuan Phan, Daniel P Fitzsimons","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202213315","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202213315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ca2+ binding to troponin C (TnC) and myosin cross-bridge binding to actin act in a synergistic cooperative manner to modulate myocardial contraction and relaxation. The responsiveness of the myocardial thin filament to the activating effects of Ca2+ and myosin cross-bridge binding has been well-characterized in small mammals (e.g., mice). Given the nearly 10-fold difference in resting heart rates and twitch kinetics between small and large mammals, it is unlikely that the cooperative mechanisms underlying thin filament activation are identical in these two species. To test this idea, we measured the Ca2+ dependencies of steady-state force and the rate constant of force redevelopment (ktr) in murine and porcine permeabilized ventricular myocardium. While murine myocardium exhibited a steep activation-dependence of ktr, the activation-dependent profile of ktr was significantly reduced in porcine ventricular myocardium. Further insight was attained by examining force-pCa and ktr-pCa relationships. In the murine myocardium, the pCa50 for ktr was right-shifted compared with the pCa50 for force, meaning that increases in steady-state force occurred well before increases in the rate of force redevelopment were observed. In the porcine myocardium, we observed a tighter coupling of the force-pCa and ktr-pCa relationships, as evidenced by near-maximal rates of force redevelopment at low levels of Ca2+ activation. These results demonstrate that the molecular mechanisms underlying the cooperative activation of force are a dynamic property of the mammalian heart, involving, at least in part, the species- and tissue-specific expression of cardiac myosin heavy chain isoforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10509357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41179404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disease-associated KCNMA1 variants decrease circadian clock robustness in channelopathy mouse models. 疾病相关的KCNMA1变异降低了通道病小鼠模型中的生物钟稳健性。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313357
Ria L Dinsdale, Cooper E Roache, Andrea L Meredith
{"title":"Disease-associated KCNMA1 variants decrease circadian clock robustness in channelopathy mouse models.","authors":"Ria L Dinsdale, Cooper E Roache, Andrea L Meredith","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202313357","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202313357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>KCNMA1 encodes the voltage- and calcium-activated K+ (BK) channel, which regulates suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neuronal firing and circadian behavioral rhythms. Gain-of-function (GOF) and loss-of-function (LOF) alterations in BK channel activity disrupt circadian behavior, but the effect of human disease-associated KCNMA1 channelopathy variants has not been studied on clock function. Here, we assess circadian behavior in two GOF and one LOF mouse lines. Heterozygous Kcnma1N999S/WT and homozygous Kcnma1D434G/D434G mice are validated as GOF models of paroxysmal dyskinesia (PNKD3), but whether circadian rhythm is affected in this hypokinetic locomotor disorder is unknown. Conversely, homozygous LOF Kcnma1H444Q/H444Q mice do not demonstrate PNKD3. We assessed circadian behavior by locomotor wheel running activity. All three mouse models were rhythmic, but Kcnma1N999S/WT and Kcnma1D434G/D434G showed reduced circadian amplitude and decreased wheel activity, corroborating prior studies focused on acute motor coordination. In addition, Kcnma1D434G/D434G mice had a small decrease in period. However, the phase-shifting sensitivity for both GOF mouse lines was abnormal. Both Kcnma1N999S/WT and Kcnma1D434G/D434G mice displayed increased responses to light pulses and took fewer days to re-entrain to a new light:dark cycle. In contrast, the LOF Kcnma1H444Q/H444Q mice showed no difference in any of the circadian parameters tested. The enhanced sensitivity to phase-shifting stimuli in Kcnma1N999S/WT and Kcnma1D434G/D434G mice was similar to other Kcnma1 GOF mice. Together with previous studies, these results suggest that increasing BK channel activity decreases circadian clock robustness, without rhythm ablation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10510740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41166239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Myosin expression and contractile function are altered by replating stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. 肌球蛋白的表达和收缩功能通过复制干细胞衍生的心肌细胞而改变。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313377
Felix Osten, Natalie Weber, Meike Wendland, Tim Holler, Birgit Piep, Simon Kröhn, Jana Teske, Alea K Bodenschatz, Santoshi Biswanath Devadas, Kaja S Menge, Shambhabi Chatterjee, Kristin Schwanke, Maike Kosanke, Judith Montag, Thomas Thum, Robert Zweigerdt, Theresia Kraft, Bogdan Iorga, Joachim D Meissner
{"title":"Myosin expression and contractile function are altered by replating stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.","authors":"Felix Osten, Natalie Weber, Meike Wendland, Tim Holler, Birgit Piep, Simon Kröhn, Jana Teske, Alea K Bodenschatz, Santoshi Biswanath Devadas, Kaja S Menge, Shambhabi Chatterjee, Kristin Schwanke, Maike Kosanke, Judith Montag, Thomas Thum, Robert Zweigerdt, Theresia Kraft, Bogdan Iorga, Joachim D Meissner","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202313377","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202313377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) is the main determinant of contractile function. Human ventricular cardiomyocytes (CMs) predominantly express the β-isoform. We previously demonstrated that ∼80% of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) express exclusively β-MyHC after long-term culture on laminin-coated glass coverslips. Here, we investigated the impact of enzymatically detaching hESC-CMs after long-term culture and subsequently replating them for characterization of cellular function. We observed that force-related kinetic parameters, as measured in a micromechanical setup, resembled α- rather than β-MyHC-expressing myofibrils, as well as changes in calcium transients. Single-cell immunofluorescence analysis revealed that replating hESC-CMs led to rapid upregulation of α-MyHC, as indicated by increases in exclusively α-MyHC- and in mixed α/β-MyHC-expressing hESC-CMs. A comparable increase in heterogeneity of MyHC isoform expression was also found among individual human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs after replating. Changes in MyHC isoform expression and cardiomyocyte function induced by replating were reversible in the course of the second week after replating. Gene enrichment analysis based on RNA-sequencing data revealed changes in the expression profile of mechanosensation/-transduction-related genes and pathways, especially integrin-associated signaling. Accordingly, the integrin downstream mediator focal adhesion kinase (FAK) promoted β-MyHC expression on a stiff matrix, further validating gene enrichment analysis. To conclude, detachment and replating induced substantial changes in gene expression, MyHC isoform composition, and function of long-term cultivated human stem cell-derived CMs, thus inducing alterations in mechanosensation/-transduction, that need to be considered, particularly for downstream in vitro assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10473967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10146278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ANO1, CaV1.2, and IP3R form a localized unit of EC-coupling in mouse pulmonary arterial smooth muscle. ANO1、CaV1.2和IP3R在小鼠肺动脉平滑肌中形成EC偶联的局部单元。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213217
Elizabeth J Akin, Joydeep Aoun, Connor Jimenez, Katie Mayne, Julius Baeck, Michael D Young, Brennan Sullivan, Kenton M Sanders, Sean M Ward, Simon Bulley, Jonathan H Jaggar, Scott Earley, Iain A Greenwood, Normand Leblanc
{"title":"ANO1, CaV1.2, and IP3R form a localized unit of EC-coupling in mouse pulmonary arterial smooth muscle.","authors":"Elizabeth J Akin, Joydeep Aoun, Connor Jimenez, Katie Mayne, Julius Baeck, Michael D Young, Brennan Sullivan, Kenton M Sanders, Sean M Ward, Simon Bulley, Jonathan H Jaggar, Scott Earley, Iain A Greenwood, Normand Leblanc","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202213217","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202213217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary arterial (PA) smooth muscle cells (PASMC) generate vascular tone in response to agonists coupled to Gq-protein receptor signaling. Such agonists stimulate oscillating calcium waves, the frequency of which drives the strength of contraction. These Ca2+ events are modulated by a variety of ion channels including voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV1.2), the Tmem16a or Anoctamin-1 (ANO1)-encoded calcium-activated chloride (CaCC) channel, and Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through inositol-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R). Although these calcium events have been characterized, it is unclear how these calcium oscillations underly a sustained contraction in these muscle cells. We used smooth muscle-specific ablation of ANO1 and pharmacological tools to establish the role of ANO1, CaV1.2, and IP3R in the contractile and intracellular Ca2+ signaling properties of mouse PA smooth muscle expressing the Ca2+ biosensor GCaMP3 or GCaMP6. Pharmacological block or genetic ablation of ANO1 or inhibition of CaV1.2 or IP3R, or Ca2+ store depletion equally inhibited 5-HT-induced tone and intracellular Ca2+ waves. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that an anti-ANO1 antibody was able to pull down both CaV1.2 and IP3R. Confocal and superresolution nanomicroscopy showed that ANO1 coassembles with both CaV1.2 and IP3R at or near the plasma membrane of PASMC from wild-type mice. We conclude that the stable 5-HT-induced PA contraction results from the integration of stochastic and localized Ca2+ events supported by a microenvironment comprising ANO1, CaV1.2, and IP3R. In this model, ANO1 and CaV1.2 would indirectly support cyclical Ca2+ release events from IP3R and propagation of intracellular Ca2+ waves.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10499037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10589604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rethinking replating. 重新思考重新规划。
IF 3.8 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313491
Ben Short
{"title":"Rethinking replating.","authors":"Ben Short","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202313491","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202313491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>JGP study (In this issue, Osten et al. https://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.202313377) suggests that, by altering mechanosensitive signaling pathways, replating stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes changes myosin expression and contractile function.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10583219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41241013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Longitudinal diffusion barriers imposed by myofilaments and mitochondria in murine cardiac myocytes. 肌丝和线粒体在小鼠心肌细胞中施加的纵向扩散屏障。
IF 3.3 2区 医学
Journal of General Physiology Pub Date : 2023-10-02 Epub Date: 2023-08-09 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213329
Christine Deisl, Jay H Chung, Donald W Hilgemann
{"title":"Longitudinal diffusion barriers imposed by myofilaments and mitochondria in murine cardiac myocytes.","authors":"Christine Deisl, Jay H Chung, Donald W Hilgemann","doi":"10.1085/jgp.202213329","DOIUrl":"10.1085/jgp.202213329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using optical and electrical methods, we document that diffusion in the cytoplasm of BL6 murine cardiomyocytes becomes restricted >20-fold as molecular weight increases from 30 to 2,000, roughly as expected for pores with porin channel dimensions. Bodipy-FL ATP diffuses >40-fold slower than in free water at 25°C. From several fluorophores analyzed, bound fluorophore fractions range from 0.1 for a 2 kD FITC-labeled polyethylene glycol to 0.93 for sulforhodamine. Unbound fluorophores diffuse at 0.5-8 × 10-7 cm2/s (5-80 μm2/s). Analysis of Na/K pump and veratridine-modified Na channel currents suggests that Na diffusion is nearly unrestricted at 35°C (time constant for equilibration with the pipette tip, ∼20 s). Using multiple strategies, we estimate that at 35°C, ATP diffuses four to eight times slower than in free water. To address whether restrictions are caused more by protein or membrane networks, we verified first that a protein gel, 10 g% gelatin, restricts diffusion with strong dependence on molecular weight. Solute diffusion in membrane-extracted cardiac myofilaments, confined laterally by suction into large-diameter pipette tips, is less restricted than in intact myocytes. Notably, myofilaments extracted similarly from skeletal (diaphragm) myocytes are less restrictive. Solute diffusion in myocytes with sarcolemma permeabilized by β-escin (80 µM) is similar to diffusion in intact myocytes. Restrictions are strain-dependent, being twofold greater in BL6 myocytes than in CD1/J6/129svJ myocytes. Furthermore, longitudinal diffusion is 2.5-fold more restricted in CD1/J6/129svJ myocytes lacking the mitochondrial porin, VDAC1, than in WT CD1/J6/129svJ myocytes. Thus, mitochondria networks restrict long-range diffusion while presumably optimizing nucleotide transfer between myofilaments and mitochondria. We project that diffusion restrictions imposed by both myofilaments and the outer mitochondrial membrane are important determinants of total free cytoplasmic AMP and ADP (∼10 μM). However, the capacity of diffusion to deliver ATP to myofilaments remains ∼100-fold greater than ATP consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":54828,"journal":{"name":"Journal of General Physiology","volume":"155 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10412754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10141234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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