Journal of Great Lakes Research最新文献

{"title":"Taxonomic diversity of bacterial communities in the sediments of a soda lake in Arusha, Tanzania","authors":"Sadikiel E. Kaale ,&nbsp;Robert S. Machang’u ,&nbsp;Thomas J. Lyimo","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soda lakes are special ecosystems with high salinity and alkalinity, notably found in the Great Rift Valley of East Africa. Given the unique nature of soda lakes, it is interesting and valuable to examine their bacterial composition as an initial step towards bioprospecting. This study provides the first metagenomic snapshots of bacterial communities inhabiting Lake Natron sediments using the 16S rRNA gene sequenced using a PacBio sequencing system. Results show high abundance and diversity of species in general, with notable dominance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinomycetota, and Proteobacteria with the relative abundances of 45.21 %, 25.23 %, 12.59 %, and 23.29 %, respectively. At the class level, Bacteroidia (23.54 %), Gammaproteobacteria (22.32 %), Bacilli (19.66 %), and Clostridia (22.32 %) were the most dominant classes. At lower taxonomic ranks (especially at the genus and species levels), there was an increase in the percentage of unknown and “Candidate Phyla” species (i.e., those discovered using genetic methods but not yet fully characterized or classified), suggesting the potential presence of new bacterial taxa in Lake Natron. The diversity indices revealed a high level of community diversity, with a large number of species, the presence of rare species, and an even distribution of bacteria across the sampling points. Although this study provides the first report on the existence of different bacterial taxa in Lake Natron, additional investigation into the biotechnological importance of the found species is of importance; hence, a functional metagenomic study is advised.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive condition, oocyte maturation, and life history variation in Lake Superior burbot (Lota lota)","authors":"Michael J. Woodworth,&nbsp;Jill B.K. Leonard","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Burbot (<em>Lota lota</em>) are a cryophilic freshwater fish native to many cold-water systems in the Northern Hemisphere. Within the Laurentian Great Lakes, current fishing regulations and increasing popularity are leading to interest in population dynamics and the sustainability of current and future burbot populations. To understand population dynamics, it is important to better understand the reproductive ecology of burbot. Currently, little is known about the reproductive ecology and the variation within reproductive behavior of burbot. In this study, we evaluated the reproductive ecology of southern Lake Superior burbot by characterizing the timing of reproductively maturing adult burbot and assessing the final oocyte maturation process. Samples were collected during two sampling seasons, which spanned from December to April. Riverine-collected burbot had high proportions (&gt;90 %) of reproductively maturing individuals matched with females in the final stages of oocyte development during a short (3–5 week) period. Alternatively, lacustrine-collected burbot had low proportions (24 %) of reproductively maturing individuals and low proportions of females within the final stages of oocyte development (16 %). Unlike riverine captures, lacustrine-captured individuals indicated a prolonged presence of reproductively maturing individuals that lasted from December to at least early April. These results suggest variation within the reproductive ecology of Lake Superior-residing burbot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holocene freshwater microbialites of Lake Sevan (Armenia)","authors":"Lilit Sahakyan ,&nbsp;Claude Colombié ,&nbsp;Anna Sukiasyan ,&nbsp;Lusine Hambaryan ,&nbsp;Taron Grigoryan ,&nbsp;Torsten Haberzettl ,&nbsp;Thomas Kasper ,&nbsp;Zhanneta Stepanyan ,&nbsp;Stella Mkrtchyan ,&nbsp;Hayk Hovakimyan ,&nbsp;Sebastien Joannin ,&nbsp;Ara Avagyan","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Combined onshore and offshore investigations reveal microbialites in Lake Sevan ranging from 1915 m a.s.l. (i.e., 15 m above modern lake level, 1–30 cm thick) to submerged structures (2–5 m wide, 0.4–1 m high) at 45 m water depth. These carbonate deposits exhibit diverse macrostructures such as domical, spherical, tabular, elliptical, planar, and pendant/lobate crusts and oncolites. Thin section and SEM analyses reveal thrombolite microstructures with clots and shrubs, stromatolites (columnar and planar), leiolites, and striated mesostructures. Various types of spherulites, peloids, filamentous structures, microborings, and well-preserved remains of cyanobacteria provide evidence of biological involvement in precipitation. Radiocarbon ages of microbialites range from 9060 ⁺¹⁹⁵/_-70 to 190 ⁺¹²⁵/_-190 cal BP, based on 10 samples from different locations. Some of these samples indicate periods of natural lake level fluctuations during their formation. Radiated aggregates of fibrous crystals, formed exclusively in the lake’s deep, low-temperature environments, were dated to 1510 ⁺¹⁶⁰/_-115 cal BP. Geochemical and EDX analyses reveal low-magnesium calcite as the primary precipitate, with secondary rhodochrosite (MnCO₃) on the surface of submerged samples. Microalgae communities in sand, silt, and water are dominated by Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta, and Chlorophyta. Cyanobacteria such as <em>Oscillatoria</em> sp. and <em>Anabaena</em> sp. were detected both within microbialites and in the surrounding environments, demonstrating their long-standing presence in the lake. At 4.3 m water depth in Qanagegh, reduced carbonate content in sands is linked to local gas seepage. The abundant presence of cyanobacteria, particularly <em>Oscillatoria limnetica</em>, suggests a relationship between microbial growth and gas-driven geochemical conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phases of anthropogenic activities since the mid-20th century from the sediment geochemistry of Laguna de Bai (Philippines)","authors":"Chris Carl Agustin V. Toyado ,&nbsp;Caroline Marie B. Jaraula","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metro Manila, the Philippines’ capital region, industrialized relatively recently in the mid-20th century following a long period of colonial occupation and pre-colonial settlement. Laguna de Bai (LdB) flanks the coasts of Metro Manila, and its sediments record the onset and evolution of industrialization in the country. Understanding the evolution of anthropogenic impact on LdB will direct its long-term management policies better. Major/trace element and grain size records in a sediment core from Laguna de Bai’s Western Lobe basin were examined for markers of this industrialization, and two phases of anthropogenic impact were identified: Land Reorganization and Increased Pollution. We found that the start of Phase 1 is synchronous with increased anthropogenic impact in other Southeast Asian and global records and provides a Southeast Asian perspective to the timing and records of anthropogenic activities in the geologic record. In Phase 1, Land Reorganization (CE 1953–1967) is indicated by major terrigenous elements Al, Ti, and Fe, which rapidly increased to 1.36 × Freshwater Baseline levels likely due to increased sediment generation associated with World War II recovery-, population-, and urbanization-driven changes in land use. This increased sedimentation shoaled the basin, ventilating its bottom waters. This is seen in redox-sensitive elements as an enrichment in Mn and a depletion of Mo relative to U. The additional sediment generated increased water column turbidity and reduced primary production. These changes were maintained in Phase 2, Increased Pollution (CE 1967–1998), with increased Pb pollution possibly from petrol use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bathymetric and contemporary sediment quantity assessment for the Lukanga Swamps in central Province, Zambia","authors":"Manoah Muchanga ,&nbsp;Henry M. Sichingabula ,&nbsp;Moses N. Chisola ,&nbsp;Beauty S. Mbale ,&nbsp;Gershom Pule ,&nbsp;Rowen Jani ,&nbsp;Fungai Musana","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, wetlands are under threat and Lukanga Swamps (14,000 km²), a wetland of international significance and a Ramsar site, is one of them. This study aimed to assess the bathymetry and sediment quantity of the Lukanga Swamps, identify associated threats, and compare sedimentation with similar wetland case studies. A Hydrographic Survey Boat Sonar Model RC-S2 mounted with a Trimble Hemisphere OmniSTAR Virtual Base Station for Differential Geographic Positioning System was used to measure water depths across Lukanga Swamps (here referred to as the Swamp). Data on sediment depth was collected using a sediment coring method with the aid of a Graduated Sediment Depth Rod. Bathymetric and sediment data were analysed using the Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation method in ArcMap 10.4 Environment. The findings showed that at the time of survey, the water stored in the Swamp was about 2918 million cubic metres (MCM), and about 1200 MCM of the Swamp’s capacity was lost to sedimentation. The study concludes that the Swamp has lost the original storage capacity and Nature-based Solutions are recommended to preserve it. Although other studies have been done on the Lukanga Swamps, we are of the view that this study is a novel contribution to the understanding of the Lukanga Swamps’ storage capacity and sedimentation dynamics by producing, for the first time, a comprehensive bathymetric map and sediment distribution map for the Swamp, which provide firsthand scientific baseline data that allows for future monitoring of the Swamp’s sedimentation rates and storage capacity over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal patterns of young-of-year fish emigration in Upper St. Lawrence River coastal wetlands in relation to environmental change","authors":"Thornton A. Ritz,&nbsp;John M. Farrell","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Young-of-year (YOY) fish emigration from shallow coastal wetlands to deeper embayments via connectivity channels represents a critical life history milestone. Emigration is typified by growth, dispersal, and changes in nursery habitat that influence species differently based on abiotic tolerance. To test this, we conducted a field study examining the relationships between YOY fish emigration and abiotic conditions in two freshwater coastal wetlands dominated by hybrid cattail <em>Typha</em> x <em>glauca</em> (<em>Typha</em>). Water level (WL), water temperature (WT), and dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) were monitored in these sites and temporally coupled with 42 consecutive days of YOY fish emigration. Individuals from five taxonomic groups emigrated over multiple time periods for a total catch of 25,272 YOY fish. Daily capture data was modeled with a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) to examine the influence of mean daily WL, mean daily WT, and mean daily DO on YOY fish emigration. Emigration patterns were variable for each taxonomic group and linked to known abiotic tolerance. Models of daily catch and environmental covariates indicated that increasing WL, WT, and decreasing DO had a significant effect on emigration. <em>Typha</em> dominance and reduced open water habitat likely influenced WT and hypoxia and may provide an advantage for tolerant protracted emigrants like largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) and brown bullhead (<em>Ameiurus nebulosus)</em>. More sensitive groups like Leuciscidae (formally Cyprinidae)<em>, Lepomis,</em> and smallmouth bass (<em>Micropterus dolomieu</em>) emigrated over truncated periods dependent on abiotic conditions. These findings highlight the role of fish tolerance and abiotic conditions during seasonal YOY fish emigration from USLR coastal wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a recovering lake trout population in Lake Champlain using close-kin mark-recapture and genetic strain assignment","authors":"Benjamin Marcy-Quay ,&nbsp;Bernie Pientka ,&nbsp;J. Ellen Marsden","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lake trout (<span><em>Salvelinus namaycush</em></span><span><span>) populations in many northern North American large lake systems have been substantially reduced or extirpated due to overfishing, habitat loss, and introduction of invasive species. Following reductions in fishing pressure and successful suppression of </span>sea lamprey, attempts have been made to restore self-sustaining populations into most of these waters but success has been slow and limited. In contrast, lake-wide lake trout restoration occurred abruptly and rapidly in Lake Champlain after 40 years of stocking, with robust, widespread, and sustained wild recruitment observed from the 2012 cohort onwards. We sought to better understand the dynamics of the recovery success in Lake Champlain using a multi-year tissue dataset, in combination with a recently-designed genotyping panel and close-kin mark-recapture, to quantify the performance (i.e., survival and reproductive success) of stocking sources and strategies with an eye towards informing restoration programs in other systems. We also assessed the overall abundance of adult fish and parental dynamics associated with wild recruitment. Our results indicate that adult survival is remarkably high and overall abundance is low compared to other large lake systems in similar latitudes, with the vast majority of wild recruitment genetically traceable to the Seneca strain fish historically stocked by New York State. We observed little evidence of hybridization between the two strains and close-kin mark-recapture estimates indicated that approximately 20 % of the adult population was contributing to successful recruitment on a regular basis. Ultimately, our results point to a growing wild population that has the potential to become self-sustaining.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asynchrony within trophic levels maintains community stability over millennial-scale climate changes in a high-altitude lake","authors":"Yi Li ,&nbsp;Hanxiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Shouliang Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides new insights into how climate change affects long-term ecosystem stability in high-altitude lakes, which are particularly vulnerable due to their simplified food webs and heightened environmental sensitivity. Despite their ecological importance, the long-term mechanisms through which multitrophic interactions govern ecosystem stability in these fragile systems remain poorly understood. In this study, we reconstruct over 1200 years of community succession in Lake Ngoring on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau using sedimentary eDNA to elucidate these dynamics. Multivariate analyses revealed temperature as the dominant driver of community turnover (Mantel r = 0.58, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), with warm periods fostering enhanced mutualistic networks between algae and decomposers. Network topology metrics demonstrated that while warming reduced overall cross-trophic interaction strength, it maintained robust cooperative linkages within trophic levels. Structural equation modeling further showed that climate-mediated species interactions significantly influenced ecosystem stability (path coefficient = 0.35), with intratrophic asynchrony emerging as a critical stabilizing mechanism (path coefficient = 0.20) that buffers climate impacts. Our findings provide novel insights into the resilience of high-altitude lake ecosystems, emphasizing the fundamental role of within-trophic-level dynamics in maintaining long-term ecological stability under climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The benthic community of Lake Superior: Analysis of spatial and temporal trends from 1973 to 2022","authors":"Lyubov E. Burlakova ,&nbsp;Alexander Y. Karatayev ,&nbsp;Olesia N. Makhutova ,&nbsp;Susan E. Daniel ,&nbsp;Jill Scharold ,&nbsp;Anne E. Scofield ,&nbsp;Elizabeth K. Hinchey","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biotic interactions and environmental changes due to increasing water temperatures, nutrient enrichment, and other factors can affect species diversity, abundance, and distribution. Lake Superior is the deepest and one of the most oligotrophic lakes in the Laurentian Great Lakes system. While considered the least affected by cultural eutrophication, Lake Superior is among the world’s fastest-warming freshwater bodies, having already exhibited resulting physical and ecological changes over the past three decades. We used data from current and historical surveys to identify spatial patterns and provide an assessment of the status and temporal trends of the Lake Superior benthic community over the last 50 years. Our study indicated that the dominance structure of the community remained quite stable, with the highest proportion of community comprised by the deepwater amphipod <em>Diporeia hoyi,</em> followed by Oligochaeta, Sphaeriidae, and Chironomidae. Benthic community structure differed spatially, with higher species diversity found in the shallow zone (≤30 m), the highest <em>Diporeia</em> densities at intermediate depth zones (30–50 and 50–90 m), and the lowest densities of all taxa in the deepest zone (&gt;90 m). Lakewide benthos densities increased in the 1990s–2000s, most likely due to reduced fish predation, but are now stabilized. Although current benthos densities are still higher than in the 1970s, nearshore surveys indicated declines in <em>Diporeia</em> and other major taxa in the last decade. These changes may indicate a return to levels observed in the 1970s or reflect a long-term trend of decline in populations, reinforcing the importance of frequent monitoring that could foretell lakewide changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substrate mapping along a wave-dominated, sand-limited Great Lakes littoral zone: A case study from the bluff coast of Illinois, Lake Michigan","authors":"C. Robin Mattheus","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While detailed geological maps are foundational to aquatic habitat classifications, few efforts have been made to generate these at regional scales along the highly dynamic coastal margins of the North American Great Lakes, where meter-scale fluctuations in water level, storms, and ice-related dynamics induce shoreline and shallow nearshore geomorphic changes. Variances in substrate type, over time, are enhanced in sand-limited settings, where clay-till and other glacial materials, grave-cobble lag deposits, and bedrock outcrops are common. A baseline understanding of sand distributions along these coasts is foundational to ecological and geomorphological inquiries. This paper describes an effort to leverage an offshore geological sample database to map the lake-bottom geology along the bluff coast of Illinois, where littoral sand is scarce and its distribution important to constrain from a coastal management perspective. Offshore geological sample information was integrated with high-resolution federal LiDAR, multi-beam sonar, and backscatter datasets, which provided the means of substrate-unit delineation. Distinction of sand versus non-sandy substrates was reflected in lake-bottom rugosity, backscatter intensity, and sample information. While a sandy lake bottom is smooth, nearshore terrains of greater textural and physiographic heterogeneity relate to craggy bedrock outcrops or a variety of undifferentiated sedimentary deposits, inclusive of gravel-cobble lags and scoured mud-rich till. A tripartite unit division of (1) sand, (2) undifferentiated sediments, and (3) bedrock holds broader application potential to sand-limited nearshore regions of the Great Lakes. Understanding the linkages between lake-bottom geomorphology and geological composition is useful to resiliency planning. Geological monitoring efforts benefit from such regional assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54818,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","volume":"51 5","pages":"Article 102619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}