Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law最新文献_第9页

State Policies, Racial Disparities, and Income Support: A Way to Address Infant Outcomes and the Persistent Black-White Gap? 州政策、种族差异和收入支持：解决婴儿成绩和持续存在的黑白差距的方法？

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9517205

Jessica Pearlman, Dean E Robinson

{"title":"State Policies, Racial Disparities, and Income Support: A Way to Address Infant Outcomes and the Persistent Black-White Gap?","authors":"Jessica Pearlman, Dean E Robinson","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9517205","DOIUrl":"10.1215/03616878-9517205","url":null,"abstract":"Low birth weight and preterm births vary by state, and Black mothers typically face twice the risk that their white counterparts do. This gap reflects an accumulation of psychosocial and material exposures that include interpersonal racism, differential experience with area-level deprivation such as residential segregation, and other harmful exposures that the authors refer to as \"institutional\" or \"structural\" racism. The authors use logistic regression models and a dataset that includes all births from 1994 to 2017 as well as five state policies from this period-Aid to Families with Dependent Children/Temporary Aid for Needy Families, housing assistance, Medicaid, minimum wage, and the earned income tax credit (EITC)-to examine whether these state social policies, designed to provide a financial safety net, are associated with risk reduction of low birth weight and preterm birth to Black and white mothers, and whether variations in state generosity attenuate the racial inequalities in birth outcomes. The authors also examine whether the relationship between state policies and racial inequalities in birth outcomes is moderated by the education level of the mother. We find that the EITC reduces the risk of low birth weight and preterm birth for Black mothers. The impact is much less consistent for white mothers. For both Black and white mothers, the benefits to birth outcomes are larger for mothers with less education.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39417250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mexican-Origin Women's Construction and Navigation of Racialized Identities: Implications for Health Amid Restrictive Immigrant Policies. 墨西哥裔妇女种族化身份的建构与导航:限制移民政策对健康的影响。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9518665

Alana M W LeBrón, Amy J Schulz, Cindy Gamboa, Angela Reyes, Edna Viruell-Fuentes, Barbara A Israel

{"title":"Mexican-Origin Women's Construction and Navigation of Racialized Identities: Implications for Health Amid Restrictive Immigrant Policies.","authors":"Alana M W LeBrón, Amy J Schulz, Cindy Gamboa, Angela Reyes, Edna Viruell-Fuentes, Barbara A Israel","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9518665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9518665","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how Mexican-origin women construct and navigate racialized identities in a postindustrial northern border community during a period of prolonged restrictive immigration and immigrant policies, and it considers mechanisms by which responses to racialization may shape health. This grounded theory analysis involves interviews with 48 Mexican-origin women in Detroit, Michigan, who identified as being in the first, 1.5, or second immigrant generation. In response to institutions and institutional agents using racializing markers to assess their legal status and policing access to health-promoting resources, women engaged in a range of strategies to resist being constructed as an \"other.\" Women used the same racializing markers or symbols of (il)legality that had been used against them as a malleable set of resources to resist processes of racialization and to form, preserve, and affirm their identities. These responses include constructing an authorized immigrant identity, engaging in immigration advocacy, and resisting stigmatizing labels. These strategies may have different implications for health over time. Findings indicate the importance of addressing policies that promulgate or exacerbate racialization of Mexican-origin communities and other communities who experience growth through migration. Such policies include creating pathways to legalization and access to resources that have been invoked in racialization processes, such as state-issued driver's licenses.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39416944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Racism, Health, and Politics: Advancing Interdisciplinary Knowledge. 种族主义、健康和政治:推进跨学科知识。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9517149

Jamila Michener, Alana M W LeBrón

引用次数: 4

What Is a "Racial Health Disparity"? Five Analytic Traditions. 什么是“种族健康差异”?五种分析传统。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9517163

Merlin Chowkwanyun

引用次数: 2

Born in the USA? A Comparison of "Inspired" Health Care Reforms in Germany and France. 出生在美国?德国和法国“启发式”医疗改革的比较。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9417442

Matthias Brunn

{"title":"Born in the USA? A Comparison of \"Inspired\" Health Care Reforms in Germany and France.","authors":"Matthias Brunn","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9417442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9417442","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Despite numerous examples of health policy transfer in Western health systems, the nature of such \"inspired\" reforms has received little detailed attention. The aim of this article is to apply and refine a specific theoretical angle for the analysis of these reforms using the theoretical frameworks of transfer and translation.Methods: The design is based on a comparative case study: the introduction of disease management programs (DMPs) for diabetes in Germany in 2002 and in France in 2008, drawing on a literature review and semistructured interviews.Findings: In introducing its DMP, Germany chose and combined several components in a process of selective borrowing, while France opted for copying a specific foreign program and adapting it. Such differences in process are linked to distinct system structures, in particular the setup of health insurance and the representation of physicians. Furthermore, the displayed versus actual degree of inspiration varied significantly, with a branding strategy in Germany (high display of foreign influence) and the inverse picture in France (high degree of actual inspiration).Conclusions: This analysis has applied the dual perspective of transfer and translation. Both perspectives proved complementary and necessary, and translation appeared as a main determinant of implementation success.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39198833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The No Surprises Act: A Bipartisan Achievement to Protect Consumers from Unexpected Medical Bills. 《不意外法案》:保护消费者免受意外医疗账单影响的两党成就。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9417470

Jack Hoadley, Kevin Lucia

引用次数: 5

Health Insurance Loss during COVID-19 May Increase Support for Universal Health Coverage. 2019冠状病毒病期间的医疗保险损失可能会增加对全民健康覆盖的支持。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9417428

Ashley Fox, Yongjin Choi, Heather Lanthorn, Kevin Croke

{"title":"Health Insurance Loss during COVID-19 May Increase Support for Universal Health Coverage.","authors":"Ashley Fox, Yongjin Choi, Heather Lanthorn, Kevin Croke","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9417428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9417428","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The United States is the only high-income country that relies on employer-sponsored health coverage to insure a majority of its population. Millions of Americans lost employer-sponsored health insurance during the COVID-19-induced economic downturn. We examine public opinion toward universal health coverage policies in this context.Methods: Through a survey of 1,211 Americans in June 2020, we examine the influence of health insurance loss on support for Medicare for All (M4A) and the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in two ways. First, we examine associations between pandemic-related health insurance loss and M4A support. Second, we experimentally prime some respondents with a vignette of a sympathetic person who lost employer-sponsored coverage during COVID-19.Findings: We find that directly experiencing recent health insurance loss is strongly associated (10 pp, p < 0.01) with greater M4A support and with more favorable views of extending the ACA (19.3 pp, p < 0.01). Experimental exposure to the vignette increases M4A support by 6 pp (p = 0.05).Conclusions: In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, situational framings can induce modest change in support for M4A. However, real-world health insurance losses are associated with larger differences in support for M4A and with greater support for existing safety net policies such as the ACA.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39199023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Regional International Organizations and Health: A Framework for Analysis. 区域国际组织与卫生:分析框架。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9417456

Scott L Greer, Ana B Amaya, Holly Jarman, Helena Legido-Quigley, Martin McKee

{"title":"Regional International Organizations and Health: A Framework for Analysis.","authors":"Scott L Greer, Ana B Amaya, Holly Jarman, Helena Legido-Quigley, Martin McKee","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9417456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9417456","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Regional international organizations (RIOs), from the South African Development Community (SADC) to the European Union (EU), are organizations that promote cooperation among countries in a specific region of the world. Asking what RIOs do to health and health policy by looking only at their formal health policies can understate their effects (e.g., a free trade agreement with no stated health goals can affect health policy) and overstate their effects (as with agreements full of ambition that did not deliver much).Methods: We adopt a \"three-faces\" framework that identifies RIOs' direct health policies, the effects of their trade and market policies, and their effects on health via fiscal governance of their member states to better capture their health impact. We tested the usefulness of the framework by examining the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, EU, North American Free Trade Agreement, SADC, and the Union of South American Nations.Findings: All RIOs had some impact on health systems and policies, and, in many cases, the principal policies were not identified as health policy.Conclusions: Such a framework will be useful in understanding the effects of RIOs on health systems and policies because it captures indirect and even unintended health effects in a way that permits development of explanatory theories.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39199020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Who Stays at Home? The Politics of Social Distancing in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic. 谁呆在家里?COVID-19大流行期间巴西、墨西哥和美国的社会距离政治

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9349100

Paul F Testa, Richard Snyder, Eva Rios, Eduardo Moncada, Agustina Giraudy, Cyril Bennouna

{"title":"Who Stays at Home? The Politics of Social Distancing in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Paul F Testa, Richard Snyder, Eva Rios, Eduardo Moncada, Agustina Giraudy, Cyril Bennouna","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9349100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9349100","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Reductions in population mobility can mitigate COVID-19 virus transmission and disease-related mortality. But do social distancing policies actually change population behavior and, if so, what factors condition policy effects?Methods: We leverage subnational variation in the stringency and timing of state-issued social distancing policies to test their effects on mobility across 109 states in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States. We also explore how conventional predictors of compliance, including political trust, socioeconomic resources, health risks, and partisanship, modify these policy effects.Findings: In Brazil and the United States, stay-at-home orders and workplace closures reduced mobility, especially early in the pandemic. In Mexico, where federal intervention created greater policy uniformity, workplace closures produced the most consistent mobility reductions. Conventional explanations of compliance perform well in the United States but not in Brazil or Mexico, apart from those emphasizing socioeconomic resources.Conclusions: In addition to new directions for research on the politics of compliance, the article offers insights for policy makers on which measures are likely to elicit compliance. Our finding that workplace closure effectiveness increases with socioeconomic development suggests that cash transfers, stimulus packages, and other policies that mitigate the financial burdens of the pandemic may help reduce population mobility.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39067961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Who Counts Where? COVID-19 Surveillance in Federal Countries. 谁在哪里算?联邦国家的COVID-19监测。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9349114

Philip Rocco, Jessica A J Rich, Katarzyna Klasa, Kenneth A Dubin, Daniel Béland

{"title":"Who Counts Where? COVID-19 Surveillance in Federal Countries.","authors":"Philip Rocco, Jessica A J Rich, Katarzyna Klasa, Kenneth A Dubin, Daniel Béland","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9349114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9349114","url":null,"abstract":"Context: While the World Health Organization (WHO) has established guidance on COVID-19 surveillance, little is known about implementation of these guidelines in federations, which fragment authority across multiple levels of government. This study examines how subnational governments in federal democracies collect and report data on COVID-19 cases and mortality associated with COVID-19.Methods: We collected data from subnational government websites in 15 federal democracies to construct indices of COVID-19 data quality. Using bivariate and multivariate regression, we analyzed the relationship between these indices and indicators of state capacity, the decentralization of resources and authority, and the quality of democratic institutions. We supplement these quantitative analyses with qualitative case studies of subnational COVID-19 data in Brazil, Spain, and the United States.Findings: Subnational governments in federations vary in their collection of data on COVID-19 mortality, testing, hospitalization, and demographics. There are statistically significant associations (p < 0.05) between subnational data quality and key indicators of public health system capacity, fiscal decentralization, and the quality of democratic institutions. Case studies illustrate the importance of both governmental and civil-society institutions that foster accountability.Conclusions: The quality of subnational COVID-19 surveillance data in federations depends in part on public health system capacity, fiscal decentralization, and the quality of democracy.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39067958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12