Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law最新文献_第9页

Counting: How We Use Numbers to Decide What Matters 计数:我们如何用数字来决定什么是重要的

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9978145

Herschel Nachlis

引用次数: 0

Challenges with Defining Pharmaceutical Markets and Potential Remedies to Screen for Industry Consolidation. 定义药品市场的挑战和筛选行业整合的潜在补救措施。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9978131

Robin C. Feldman, Brent D. Fulton, Jamie R. Godwin, R. Scheffler

{"title":"Challenges with Defining Pharmaceutical Markets and Potential Remedies to Screen for Industry Consolidation.","authors":"Robin C. Feldman, Brent D. Fulton, Jamie R. Godwin, R. Scheffler","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9978131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9978131","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXT\u0000Dramatic increases in pharmaceutical merger and acquisition activity since 2010 suggest we are currently in the midst of a third wave of industry consolidation.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Reviewing 168 economic, legal, medical, industry, and government sources, we examine the effects of consolidation on competition and innovation and explore how industry attributes complicate M&A regulation in a pharmaceutical context.\u0000\u0000\u0000FINDINGS\u0000We find that, in spite of certain metrics that might argue otherwise, consolidation consistently reduces innovation and harms the public good. We also find that several factors within the pharmaceutical industry impede proper evaluation of proposed mergers. Because consumer choice across substitutes is limited, pharmaceutical markets frustrate conventional methods of defining markets. Volume bargaining in the pharmaceutical supply chain and common ownership of pharmaceutical firms by asset managers further complicate the definitional process. Hence, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), one measure used by the Federal Trade Commission and Department of Justice to screen for concerning M&A activity, sometimes depends on faulty market definitions but also fails to capture the implications of consolidation on future market share.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000We describe ways to improve how pharmaceutical markets are defined, highlight quantitative alterations to HHI to account for common ownership, and propose areas requiring further research.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":"48 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89199310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Link between Democratic Institutions and Population Health in the American States. 美洲各州民主制度与人口健康之间的联系。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9978103

Julianna Pacheco, Scott J. LaCombe

{"title":"The Link between Democratic Institutions and Population Health in the American States.","authors":"Julianna Pacheco, Scott J. LaCombe","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9978103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9978103","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXT\u0000This project investigates the role of state-level institutions in explaining variation in population health in the American states. Although cross-national research has established the positive effects of democracy on population health, little attention has been given to subnational units. We leverage a new dataset to understand how political accountability and a system of checks and balances are associated with state population health.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000We estimate error correction models and two-way fixed effects models to estimate how the strength of state-level democratic institutions are associated with infant mortality rates, life expectancy, and midlife mortality.\u0000\u0000\u0000FINDINGS\u0000We find that institutions that promote political accountability are related to lower infant mortality across the states, while those that promote checks and balances are associated with longer life expectancy. We also find that policy liberalism is associated with better health outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Subnational institutions play an important role in population health outcomes and more research is needed to understand the linkage between democracy and health. We are the first to explore the link between democratic institutions and population health within the United States contributing to both the social science literature on the positive effects of democracy and the epidemiological literature on subnational health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81074775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ultimate Price: The Value We Place on Life 终极价格:我们赋予生命的价值

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9978159

D. Weimer

引用次数: 1

The Political Realignment of Health: How Partisan Power Shaped Infant Health in the United States, 1915-2017. 健康的政治调整：党派权力如何塑造美国的婴儿健康（1915-2017 年）》（The Political Realignment of Health: How Partisan Power Shaped Infant Health in the United States, 1915-2017）。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9517191

Javier M Rodríguez, Byengseon Bae, Arline T Geronimus, John Bound

{"title":"The Political Realignment of Health: How Partisan Power Shaped Infant Health in the United States, 1915-2017.","authors":"Javier M Rodríguez, Byengseon Bae, Arline T Geronimus, John Bound","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9517191","DOIUrl":"10.1215/03616878-9517191","url":null,"abstract":"The US two-party system was transformed in the 1960s when the Democratic Party abandoned its Jim Crow protectionism to incorporate the policy agenda fostered by the civil rights movement, and the Republican Party redirected its platform toward socioeconomic and racial conservatism. The authors argue that the policy agendas promoted by the two parties through presidents and state legislatures codify a racially patterned access to resources and power detrimental to the health of all. To test the hypothesis that fluctuations in overall and race-specific infant mortality rates (IMRs) shift between the parties in power before and after the political realignment (PR), the authors apply panel data analysis methods to state-level data from the National Center for Health Statistics for the period 1915 through 2017. Net of trend, overall, and race-specific IMRs were not statistically different between presidential parties before the PR. This pattern, however, changed after the PR, with Republican administrations consistently underperforming Democratic ones. Net of trend, non-Southern state legislatures controlled by Republicans underperform Democratic ones in overall and racial IMRs in both periods.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":"47 2","pages":"201-224"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11019534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39416945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State Policies, Racial Disparities, and Income Support: A Way to Address Infant Outcomes and the Persistent Black-White Gap? 州政策、种族差异和收入支持：解决婴儿成绩和持续存在的黑白差距的方法？

IF 3.3 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9517205

Jessica Pearlman, Dean E Robinson

{"title":"State Policies, Racial Disparities, and Income Support: A Way to Address Infant Outcomes and the Persistent Black-White Gap?","authors":"Jessica Pearlman, Dean E Robinson","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9517205","DOIUrl":"10.1215/03616878-9517205","url":null,"abstract":"Low birth weight and preterm births vary by state, and Black mothers typically face twice the risk that their white counterparts do. This gap reflects an accumulation of psychosocial and material exposures that include interpersonal racism, differential experience with area-level deprivation such as residential segregation, and other harmful exposures that the authors refer to as \"institutional\" or \"structural\" racism. The authors use logistic regression models and a dataset that includes all births from 1994 to 2017 as well as five state policies from this period-Aid to Families with Dependent Children/Temporary Aid for Needy Families, housing assistance, Medicaid, minimum wage, and the earned income tax credit (EITC)-to examine whether these state social policies, designed to provide a financial safety net, are associated with risk reduction of low birth weight and preterm birth to Black and white mothers, and whether variations in state generosity attenuate the racial inequalities in birth outcomes. The authors also examine whether the relationship between state policies and racial inequalities in birth outcomes is moderated by the education level of the mother. We find that the EITC reduces the risk of low birth weight and preterm birth for Black mothers. The impact is much less consistent for white mothers. For both Black and white mothers, the benefits to birth outcomes are larger for mothers with less education.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":"47 2","pages":"225-258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39417250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No Equity without Data Equity: Data Reporting Gaps for Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders as Structural Racism. 没有数据公平就没有公平：夏威夷原住民和太平洋岛民的数据报告差距是结构性种族主义。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9517177

Brittany N Morey, Richard Calvin Chang, Karla Blessing Thomas, 'Alisi Tulua, Corina Penaia, Vananh D Tran, Nicholas Pierson, John C Greer, Malani Bydalek, Ninez Ponce

{"title":"No Equity without Data Equity: Data Reporting Gaps for Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders as Structural Racism.","authors":"Brittany N Morey, Richard Calvin Chang, Karla Blessing Thomas, 'Alisi Tulua, Corina Penaia, Vananh D Tran, Nicholas Pierson, John C Greer, Malani Bydalek, Ninez Ponce","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9517177","DOIUrl":"10.1215/03616878-9517177","url":null,"abstract":"Data on the health and social determinants for Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) in the United States are hidden, because data are often not collected or are reported in aggregate with other racial/ethnic groups despite decades of calls to disaggregate NHPI data. As a form of structural racism, data omissions contribute to systemic problems such as inability to advocate, lack of resources, and limitations on political power. The authors conducted a data audit to determine how US federal agencies are collecting and reporting disaggregated NHPI data. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study, they reviewed how states are reporting NHPI cases and deaths. They then used California's neighborhood equity metric-the California Healthy Places Index (HPI)-to calculate the extent of NHPI underrepresentation in communities targeted for COVID-19 resources in that state. Their analysis shows that while collection and reporting of NHPI data nationally has improved, federal data gaps remain. States are vastly underreporting: more than half of states are not reporting NHPI COVID-19 case and death data. The HPI, used to inform political decisions about allocation of resources to combat COVID-19 in at-risk neighborhoods, underrepresents NHPIs. The authors make recommendations for improving NHPI data equity to achieve health equity and social justice.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":"47 2","pages":"159-200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10959240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39419205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mexican-Origin Women's Construction and Navigation of Racialized Identities: Implications for Health Amid Restrictive Immigrant Policies. 墨西哥裔妇女种族化身份的建构与导航:限制移民政策对健康的影响。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9518665

Alana M W LeBrón, Amy J Schulz, Cindy Gamboa, Angela Reyes, Edna Viruell-Fuentes, Barbara A Israel

{"title":"Mexican-Origin Women's Construction and Navigation of Racialized Identities: Implications for Health Amid Restrictive Immigrant Policies.","authors":"Alana M W LeBrón, Amy J Schulz, Cindy Gamboa, Angela Reyes, Edna Viruell-Fuentes, Barbara A Israel","doi":"10.1215/03616878-9518665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-9518665","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how Mexican-origin women construct and navigate racialized identities in a postindustrial northern border community during a period of prolonged restrictive immigration and immigrant policies, and it considers mechanisms by which responses to racialization may shape health. This grounded theory analysis involves interviews with 48 Mexican-origin women in Detroit, Michigan, who identified as being in the first, 1.5, or second immigrant generation. In response to institutions and institutional agents using racializing markers to assess their legal status and policing access to health-promoting resources, women engaged in a range of strategies to resist being constructed as an \"other.\" Women used the same racializing markers or symbols of (il)legality that had been used against them as a malleable set of resources to resist processes of racialization and to form, preserve, and affirm their identities. These responses include constructing an authorized immigrant identity, engaging in immigration advocacy, and resisting stigmatizing labels. These strategies may have different implications for health over time. Findings indicate the importance of addressing policies that promulgate or exacerbate racialization of Mexican-origin communities and other communities who experience growth through migration. Such policies include creating pathways to legalization and access to resources that have been invoked in racialization processes, such as state-issued driver's licenses.","PeriodicalId":54812,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law","volume":"47 2","pages":"259-291"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39416944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Racism, Health, and Politics: Advancing Interdisciplinary Knowledge. 种族主义、健康和政治:推进跨学科知识。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9517149

Jamila Michener, Alana M W LeBrón

引用次数: 4

What Is a "Racial Health Disparity"? Five Analytic Traditions. 什么是“种族健康差异”?五种分析传统。

IF 4.2 3区医学

Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1215/03616878-9517163

Merlin Chowkwanyun

引用次数: 2