{"title":"Unraveling flavivirus pathogenesis: from bulk to single-cell RNA-sequencing strategies.","authors":"Doyeong Kim, Seonghun Jeong, Sang-Min Park","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.5.403","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.5.403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global spread of flaviviruses has triggered major outbreaks worldwide, significantly impacting public health, society, and economies. This has intensified research efforts to understand how flaviviruses interact with their hosts and manipulate the immune system, underscoring the need for advanced research tools. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies have revolutionized our understanding of flavivirus infections by offering transcriptome analysis to dissect the intricate dynamics of virus-host interactions. Bulk RNA-seq provides a macroscopic overview of gene expression changes in virus-infected cells, offering insights into infection mechanisms and host responses at the molecular level. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) provides unprecedented resolution by analyzing individual infected cells, revealing remarkable cellular heterogeneity within the host response. A particularly innovative advancement, virus-inclusive single-cell RNA sequencing (viscRNA-seq), addresses the challenges posed by non-polyadenylated flavivirus genomes, unveiling intricate details of virus-host interactions. In this review, we discuss the contributions of bulk RNA-seq, scRNA-seq, and viscRNA-seq to the field, exploring their implications in cell line experiments and studies on patients infected with various flavivirus species. Comprehensive transcriptome analyses from RNA-seq technologies are pivotal in accelerating the development of effective diagnostics and therapeutics, paving the way for innovative treatments and enhancing our preparedness for future outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 5","pages":"403-411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142094223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yeon Jin Lee, Jin Yong Song, Su Hyun Lee, Yubin Lee, Kyu Teak Hwang, Ji-Yun Lee
{"title":"Vinpocetine, a phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitor, mitigates atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation.","authors":"Yeon Jin Lee, Jin Yong Song, Su Hyun Lee, Yubin Lee, Kyu Teak Hwang, Ji-Yun Lee","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.303","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory pruritic skin disease worldwide, characterized by the infiltration of multiple pathogenic T lymphocytes and histological symptoms such as epidermal and dermal thickening. This study aims to investigate the effect of vinpocetine (Vinp; a phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitor) on a 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like model. DNCB (1%) was administered on day 1 in the AD model. Subsequently, from day 14 onward, mice in each group (Vinp-treated groups: 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg and dexamethasone- treated group: 2 mg/kg) were administered 100 µl of a specific drug daily, whereas 0.2% DNCB was administered every other day for 30 min over 14 days. The Vinp-treated groups showed improved Eczema Area and Severity Index scores and trans-epidermal water loss, indicating the efficacy of Vinp in improving AD and enhancing skin barrier function. Histological analysis further confirmed the reduction in hyperplasia of the epidermis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, including macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells, with Vinp treatment. Moreover, Vinp reduced serum concentrations of IgE, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-13, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, Thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were reduced by Vinp treatment. Reduction of TGF-β protein by Vinp in skin tissue was also observed. Collectively, our results underscore the effectiveness of Vinp in mitigating DNCB-induced AD by modulating the expression of various biomarkers. Consequently, Vinp is a promising therapeutic candidate for treating AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"303-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polygonatum sibiricum component liquiritigenin restrains breast cancer cell invasion and migration by inhibiting HSP90 and chaperone-mediated autophagy.","authors":"Suli Xu, Zhao Ma, Lihua Xing, Weiqing Cheng","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.379","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer (BC) is most commonly diagnosed worldwide. Liquiritigenin is a flavonoid found in various species of the Glycyrrhiza genus, showing anti-tumor activity. This article was to explore the influences of liquiritigenin on the biological behaviors of BC cells and its underlying mechanism. BC cells were treated with liquiritigenin alone or transfected with oe-HSP90 before liquiritigenin treatment. RT-qPCR and Western blotting were employed to examine the levels of HSP90, Snail, E-cadherin, HSC70, and LAMP-2A. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated by performing MTT, colony formation, scratch, and Transwell assays, respectively. Liquiritigenin treatment reduced HSP90 and Snail levels and enhanced E-cadherin expression as well as inhibiting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BC cells. Moreover, liquiritigenin treatment decreased the expression of HSC70 and LAMP-2A, proteins related to chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). HSP90 overexpression promoted the CMA, invasion, and migration of BC cells under liquiritigenin treatment. Liquiritigenin inhibits HSP90-mediated CMA, thereby suppressing BC cell growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"379-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Na Kyeong Park, Seong Woo Choi, Soon-Jung Park, JooHan Woo, Hyun Jong Kim, Woo Kyung Kim, Sung-Hwan Moon, Hun-Jun Park, Sung Joon Kim
{"title":"Requirement of β subunit for the reduced voltage-gated Na<sup>+</sup> current of a Brugada syndrome patient having novel double missense mutation (p.A385T/R504T) of <i>SCN5A</i>.","authors":"Na Kyeong Park, Seong Woo Choi, Soon-Jung Park, JooHan Woo, Hyun Jong Kim, Woo Kyung Kim, Sung-Hwan Moon, Hun-Jun Park, Sung Joon Kim","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.313","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mutations within the <i>SCN5A</i> gene, which encodes the α-subunit 5 (Na<sub>V</sub>1.5) of the voltage-gated Na<sup>+</sup> channel, have been linked to three distinct cardiac arrhythmia disorders: long QT syndrome type 3, Brugada syndrome (BrS), and cardiac conduction disorder. In this study, we have identified novel missense mutations (p.A385T/R504T) within <i>SCN5A</i> in a patient exhibiting overlap arrhythmia phenotypes. This study aims to elucidate the functional consequences of <i>SCN5A</i> mutants (p.A385T/R504T) to understand the clinical phenotypes. Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to analyze the Na<sub>V</sub>1.5 current (I<sub>Na</sub>) in HEK293 cells transfected with the wild-type and mutant <i>SCN5A</i> with or without <i>SCN1B</i> co-expression. The amplitude of I<sub>Na</sub> was not altered in mutant <i>SCN5A</i> (p.A385T/R504T) alone. Furthermore, a rightward shift of the voltage-dependent inactivation and faster recovery from inactivation was observed, suggesting a gain-of-function state. Intriguingly, the coexpression of <i>SCN1B</i> with p.A385T/R504T revealed significant reduction of I<sub>Na</sub> and slower recovery from inactivation, consistent with the loss-of-function in Na<sup>+</sup> channels. The <i>SCN1B</i> dependent reduction of I<sub>Na</sub> was also observed in a single mutation p.R504T, but p.A385T co-expressed with <i>SCN1B</i> showed no reduction. In contrast, the slower recovery from inactivation with <i>SCN1B</i> was observed in A385T while not in R504T. The expression of <i>SCN1B</i> is indispensable for the electrophysiological phenotype of BrS with the novel double mutations; p.A385T and p.R504T contributed to the slower recovery from inactivation and reduced current density of Na<sub>V</sub>1.5, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"313-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jong-Hui Kim, Soobeen Hwang, Seo-In Park, Hyo-Ji Lee, Yu-Jin Jung, Su-Hyun Jo
{"title":"3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) enhances human Kv1.3 channel currents and alters cytokine production.","authors":"Jong-Hui Kim, Soobeen Hwang, Seo-In Park, Hyo-Ji Lee, Yu-Jin Jung, Su-Hyun Jo","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.323","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were once used throughout various industries; however, because of their persistence in the environment, exposure remains a global threat to the environment and human health. The Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 channels have been implicated in the immunotoxicity and cardiotoxicity of PCBs, respectively. We determined whether 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77), a dioxin-like PCB, alters human Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 currents using the Xenopus oocyte expression system. Exposure to 10 nM PCB77 for 15 min enhanced the Kv1.3 current by approximately 30.6%, whereas PCB77 did not affect the Kv1.5 current at concentrations up to 10 nM. This increase in the Kv1.3 current was associated with slower activation and inactivation kinetics as well as right-shifting of the steady-state activation curve. Pretreatment with PCB77 significantly suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10 production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages. Overall, these data suggest that acute exposure to trace concentrations of PCB77 impairs immune function, possibly by enhancing Kv1.3 currents.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"323-333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jehee Jang, Ki-Woon Kang, Young-Won Kim, Seohyun Jeong, Jaeyoon Park, Jihoon Park, Jisung Moon, Junghyun Jang, Seohyeon Kim, Sunghun Kim, Sungjoo Cho, Yurim Lee, Hyoung Kyu Kim, Jin Han, Eun-A Ko, Sung-Cherl Jung, Jung-Ha Kim, Jae-Hong Ko
{"title":"Corrigendum to: Cardioprotection via mitochondrial transplantation supports fatty acid metabolism in ischemia-reperfusion injured rat heart.","authors":"Jehee Jang, Ki-Woon Kang, Young-Won Kim, Seohyun Jeong, Jaeyoon Park, Jihoon Park, Jisung Moon, Junghyun Jang, Seohyeon Kim, Sunghun Kim, Sungjoo Cho, Yurim Lee, Hyoung Kyu Kim, Jin Han, Eun-A Ko, Sung-Cherl Jung, Jung-Ha Kim, Jae-Hong Ko","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.391","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.391","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211757/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Ali Metwally, El-Yamani Ibrahim El-Zawahry, Maher Amer Ali, Diaa Farrag Ibrahim, Shereen Ahmed Sabry, Omnia Mohamed Sarhan
{"title":"Corrigendum to: Development and assessment of nano drug delivery systems for combined delivery of rosuvastatin and ezetimibe.","authors":"Mohamed Ali Metwally, El-Yamani Ibrahim El-Zawahry, Maher Amer Ali, Diaa Farrag Ibrahim, Shereen Ahmed Sabry, Omnia Mohamed Sarhan","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.389","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Barefoot walking improves cognitive ability in adolescents.","authors":"Taehun Kim, Dae Yun Seo, Jun Hyun Bae, Jin Han","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.295","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Walking can have a positive impact on cognitive function in adolescents. This study aimed to compare the effects of walking with sneakers and barefoot on cognitive ability in adolescents. Fifty-nine adolescent male students were included in the study and assigned to the control (n = 20), sneaker (n = 19), and barefoot (n = 20) groups. The barefoot and sneakers group performed a 40-min walking exercise four times a week for 12 weeks during the morning physical activity time, while the control group performed self-study. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and brain activity variables were measured before and after the exercise program. The results showed that after 12 weeks, the barefoot group had a significant decrease in Gamma and H-beta waves and a significant increase in sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) and Alpha waves. Conversely, the control group showed a significant decrease in SMR waves and increase in Theta waves. The sneaker group showed a significant decrease in SMR waves alone. In an eyes-open resting state, the barefoot group showed a significant increase in H-beta, M-beta, SMR, and Alpha waves. The barefoot group also had a significant increase in cognitive speed and concentration and a significant decrease in brain stress. Taken together, barefoot walking can effectively enhance cognitive ability in adolescents, as demonstrated by the significant variation in EEG activity. This research highlights the potential benefits of barefoot walking as a simple and effective form of exercise for enhancing cognitive function in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"295-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amy Suzana Abu Bakar, Norhafiza Razali, Renu Agarwal, Igor Iezhitsa, Maxim A Perfilev, Pavel M Vassiliev
{"title":"Role of TGF-β1/SMADs signalling pathway in resveratrol-induced reduction of extracellular matrix deposition by dexamethasone-treated human trabecular meshwork cells.","authors":"Amy Suzana Abu Bakar, Norhafiza Razali, Renu Agarwal, Igor Iezhitsa, Maxim A Perfilev, Pavel M Vassiliev","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.345","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the trabecular meshwork (TM) increases aqueous humour outflow resistance leading to elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) in primary open-angle glaucoma, which remains the only modifiable risk factor. Resveratrol has been shown to counteract the steroid-induced increase in IOP and increase the TM expression of ECM proteolytic enzymes; however, its effects on the deposition of ECM components by TM and its associated pathways, such as TGF-β-SMAD signalling remain uncertain. This study, therefore, explored the effects of <i>trans</i>-resveratrol on the expression of ECM components, SMAD signalling molecules, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue plasminogen activator in dexamethasone-treated human TM cells (HTMCs). We also studied the nature of molecular interaction of trans -resveratrol with SMAD4 domains using ensemble docking. Treatment of HTMCs with 12.5 µM trans-resveratrol downregulated the dexamethasone-induced increase in collagen, fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin at gene and protein levels through downregulation of TGF-β1, SMAD4, and upregulation of SMAD7. Downregulation of TGF-β1 signalling by trans-resveratrol could be attributed to its effect on the transcriptional activity due to high affinity for the MH2 domain of SMAD4. These effects may contribute to resveratrol's IOP-lowering properties by reducing ECM deposition and enhancing aqueous humour outflow in the TM.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"345-359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lu Han, Weijia Chen, Ying Zong, Yan Zhao, Jianming Li, Zhongmei He, Rui Du
{"title":"Analysis of the mechanism of <i>fibrauretine</i> alleviating Alzheimer's disease based on transcriptomics and proteomics.","authors":"Lu Han, Weijia Chen, Ying Zong, Yan Zhao, Jianming Li, Zhongmei He, Rui Du","doi":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.361","DOIUrl":"10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dried rattan stem of the Fibraurea Recisa Pierre plant contains the active ingredient known as <i>fibrauretine</i> (FN). Although it greatly affects Alzheimer's disease (AD), the mechanism of their effects still remains unclear. Proteomics and transcriptomics analysis methods were used in this study to determine the mechanism of FN in the treatment of AD. AD model is used through bilateral hippocampal injection of Aβ<sub>1-40</sub>. After successful modeling, FN was given for 30 days. The results showed that FN could improve the cognitive dysfunction of AD model rats, reduce the expression of Aβ and P-Tau, increase the content of acetylcholine and reduce the activity of acetylcholinesterase. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enriched differentially expressed genes and proteins are involved in signaling pathways including metabolic pathway, AD, pathway in cancer, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway. Transcriptomics and proteomics sequencing resulted in 19 differentially expressed genes and proteins. Finally, in contrast to the model group, after FN treatment, the protein expressions and genes associated with the PI3K-AKT pathway were significantly improved in RT-qPCR and Western blot and assays. This is consistent with the findings of transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Our study found that, FN may improve some symptoms of AD model rats through PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":54746,"journal":{"name":"Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology","volume":"28 4","pages":"361-377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}